Management final

Type of formal groups

- command group - formal group that is outline in the chain of command on an organizational chart. - task group - is a formal group of organization members who interact with one another to accomplish most of the organizations nonroutine tasks.

How evaluate information

- identifying and evaluating data - evaluating the cost of data

4 factors to Information value

- information appropriateness - information quality - information timeliness - information quantity

Controlling process

- measuring performance - comparing measured performance to standards - taking corrective action

Types of teams

- problem solving team - a team set up to help eliminate a specified problem within the organization - self-managed team - sometimes called a self-managed work group or self-directed team, is a team that plans, organizes, and controls its own work situation with only minimal intervention and direction from management. - cross-functional team - is a work team composed of people from different functional area of the organization - marketing, finance, human resources, and operations, for example - who are all focused on a specified objective.

Stages of group development

- the acceptance stage - the communication and decision-making stage - the group solidarity stage - the group control stage

Power and control

- total power - a manager possesses is made up of two different kinds of power; position and personal power

Stages of team development

-forming - storming - norming - performing - adjourning

An organization that is innovative but not creative is characterized by a fertile source of good ideas, but lacking in the ability to make the ideas tangible.

False

Creativity can be sufficiently analyzed from an organization's perspective in terms of originality or newness

False

Deming's flow diagram for improving product quality focuses on aspects such as suppliers, materials, and customers rather than the test processes and methods used.

False

Employees who are more likely to think creatively under low time-pressure show creative thinking that is more oriented toward identifying problems than generating or exploring ideas

False

Generally, the top management of a company would most benefit from information such as summary reports of transactions, detailed reports of problems, and operating plans and policies.

False

In order to preserve their position power, managers should ask for personal favors from subordinates.

False

Information for operational control decisions does not need to be completely accurate because such decisions tend to be characterized by subjectivity and focus on areas that are difficult to measure.

False

Layout strategy is a plan of action outlining the operation methods the organization will use to transform resources into goods and services.

False

Pure-breakdown policy involves regular activities such as machine adjustments, lubrication, cleaning, parts replacement, and painting.

False

The establishment, development, and growth of the total quality management (TQM) movement throughout the world is largely credited to the United States

False

The gossip grapevine tends to distort messages more than any other grapevine pattern.

False

________ is the extent to which the receipt of information allows decisions to be made and action to be taken so the organization can gain some benefit from possessing the information.

Information timeliness

Which of the following is the most accurate observation of product quality?

It is a measure of how well a product does what it is intended to do

The process of the influencing subsystem involves the performance of six primary management activities

Leading, motivating, considering groups, communicating, encouraging

Which of the following is true about the steps a manager can take to increase his or her total power?

Making subordinates feel obligated to you will enhance your personal power

________ is the step of the innovation process in which a newly implemented idea is tracked to determine if and when the idea should be improved or terminated.

Monitoring

Which of the following should the source do to gather nonverbal feedback?

Observe the destination's gestures and facial expressions

After actual performance has been measured and compared with established performance standards, the next step in the controlling process is to take corrective action if necessary.

True

Appropriate information for strategic planning decisions is generally not completely current, but more historical in nature.

True

Communication is considered a supplementary management skill rather than a fundamental management skill.

True

Expertise and creative thinking are the individual's raw materials for being creative, but motivation determines whether an individual will actually be creative.

True

Good communicators consult with others when planning communications.

True

Product strategy is an operational plan of action outlining which goods and services an organization will produce and market.

True

Productivity is the relationship between the total amounts of goods or services being produced and the organizational resources needed to produce them.

True

Flextime

a more recent design strategy got motivating organization members

Capacity strategy

a plan of action aimed at providing the organization with the right facilities to produce the needed output at the right time.

Process strategy

a plan of action outlining the means and methods the organization will use to transform resources into goods and services.

Layout strategy

a plan of action that outlines the location and flow of all organizational resources around, into, and within production service facilities.

Location strategy

a plan of action that provides the organization with a competitive location for its headquarters, manufacturing, services, and distribution activities.

Personal power

a power derived from a manager's relationships with others.

Position power

a power derived from the organizational postion a manager holds. In general a manager moving from lower-level management to upper level management accrues more position power.

Quality circle

a small group of workers that meets to discuss quality assurance of a particular project and to communicate their solutions to these problems to management directly at a formal presentation session

Just in time inventory control

a technique for reducing inventories to a minimum by arranging for production components to be delivered to the production facility 'just in time to be used'

Leadership behavior

according to the path-goal theory of leadership, leaders exhibit four primary types of behavior. Directive behavior, Supportive behavior, Participation behavior, Achievement behavior.

Macrobarriers

are factors that hinder successful communication in a general communication situation

Quality

can be defined as how well a product does what it is intended to do - how closely it satisfies the specifications to which it was built

Informal Organization Communication

communication that does not follow the lines of the organization chart

Formal Organizational Communication

communication that follows the lines of the organization chart

Verbal communication

communication that uses either spoken or written words to share information with others

The operational study revealed that the company's inventory turnover is slow. This has forced them to maintain high levels of liquidity. Which of the following ratios is best suited to analyze the company's short-term solvency?

current ratio

The capacity of people to recognize their own feelings and the feelings of others, to motivate themselves, and to manage their own feelings as well as the emotions in relationships with others, is called ________.

emotional intelligence

Which of the following is the primary purpose of the influencing subsystem?

enhancing the attainment of management objectives

Group vs. team

groups - consists of any number or people who interact with one another, are psychologically aware of one another, and think of themselves as group team - is a group who members influence one another toward the accomplishment of an organization objective

Which of the following is the most widely known award in the United States that recognizes those organizations that produce exceptionally high-quality products and services?

he Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines the value of information?

information cost

"Paralysis by analysis" is generally caused by ________.

information overload

Communication, theory X-Y

involves negative assumptions about people that McGregor believes mangers often use as the basis for dealing with their subordinates

Committee

is a group of individuals charged with performing a type of specific activity and is usually classified as a task group.

Formal groups

is a group that exists within an organization by virtue of management decree to perform tasks that enhance the attainment of organization objectives.

life cycle theory of leadership

is a rationale for linking leadership styles with various situations to ensure effective leadership. this theory posits essentially the same two types of leadership behavior as the OSU leadership studies, but its calls them "relationships" and "task"

Process theory of motivation

is an explanation of motivation that emphasizes how individuals are motivated.

Content theory of motivation

is an explanation of motivation that emphasizes people's internal characteristics.

Structure behavior

is any leadership activity that delineates the relationship between the leader and the leader's followers or establishes well-defined procedures followers should adhere to in performing their jobs.

Trait Approaches to Leadership

is based on early leadership research that assumed a good leader is born, not made.

Informal group

is defined as a collection of individuals whose common work experiences result in the development of a system of interpersonal relations that extend beyond those established by management

Consideration behavior

is leadership behavior that reflects friendship, mutual trust, respect, and warmth in the relationship b/w leader and followers.

Nonverbal communication

is sharing information without using words to encode thoughts.

Leadership style

is the behavior a leader exhibits while guiding organization members in appropriate directions

Operation management

is the performance of managerial activities that involves selecting, designing, operating, controlling, and updating production systems.

Statistical quality control

is the process used to determine how many products should be inspected to calculate a probability that the total number of products will meet organizational quality standards.

Behavior modification

it focuses on encouraging appropriate behavior by controlling the consequences of that behavior

Microbarriers

it is a factor that hinders successful communication in a specific communication situation.

Which of the following is a communication macrobarrier?

need for complex information

The performance of managerial activities that involve selecting, designing, managing, controlling and updating production systems is called ________.

operations management

Which of the following is an extrinsic source of motivation for a creative individual?

organizational rewards

Hman model

perhaps the most widely accepted framework for explaining the evolution of informal groups was developed by George Homans.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

physiological need, security or safety need, social need, esteem need, and self-actualization

The extent to which an individual is able to influence others so they respond to orders is called ________.

power

Which layout strategy would be most appropriate for an organization with a limited number of different products that require high production volumes, highly specialized equipment, and narrow employee skills?

product layout

Which of the following steps taken by managers to stimulate creativity is considered the most effective?

providing an appropriate level of job-related challenge

Achieving communication Effectiveness

seek to clarify your ideas before communicating, examine the true purpose of each communication, consider the total physical and human setting whenever you communicate.

Which of the following is a formal organization communication pattern that involves passing information from one individual to another in a sequence?

serial transmission

The person in the interpersonal communication situation who originates and encodes information to be shared with another person is called the ________.

source

The level of activity established to serve as a model for evaluating organizational performance is known as a(n) ________.

standard

Using videoconferencing to help organization members across the globe communicate more effectively is an example of a(n) ________.

technology idea

Managing work groups

the consideration of managing work groups require two steps. - determining group existence - understanding the evolution of informal group

behavioral approach to leadership

the failure to identify predictive leadership traits led researchers in this area to turn to other variables to explain leadership success.

Hygiene

the items that influence the degree of the job dissatisfaction

Tannenbaum/Schmidt continuum

the managers makes the decision and announces it, the manager sells the decision, the manager presents ideas and invites questions

Sociometric analysis

the procedure for performing a sociometric analysis in an organization is quite basic. Various org members simply are asked, through either interview or questionnaire, to name several other organization members with whom they would like to spend free time.

Job enrichment

the process of incorporating motivators into a job situation

Productivity

the relationship between the total amount of goods or services being produced (output) and the organizational resources needed to produce them (input) equation = productivity = outputs/inputs

Equity theory

the work of J. Stacy Adams, looks at an individual's perceived fairness of an employment situation and finds that perceived inequities can lead to changes in behavior.

Vroom expectancy theory

theory of motivation that encompasses some of these complexities. like the needs-goal theory, it is based on the premise that felt needs cause human behavior.

Motivating factors

those that influence the degree of job satisfaction

How to increase power

to increase personal power, a manager should attempt to develop the following attitudes and beliefs in organization members. - a sense of obligations toward the manager - a belief that the manager possesses a high level of expertise within the organization - a sense of identification with the manager - the perception that they are dependent on the manager

To minimize the negative effects of the perceptual differences of receivers on interpersonal communication, managers should ________.

try to send messages with precise meanings

A budget that automatically indicates an increase in the amount of resources allocated for various organizational activities when production levels go up is called a(n) ________.

variable budget