Management/HR Exam 2

Alexa, a manager, explains to Harvey that if he is late to work one more time in the next six weeks he will be suspended without pay for a day. Alexa is exercising power. (reward, Coercive, referent, expert, legitimate)

Coercion

Fiona used an influence tactic on Gerald and got him to enthusiastically agree to her proposal. Gerald demonstrated initiative and persistence while completing the assignment. This is an example of: (commitment, resistance, compliance, hindrance, defiance)

Commitment

The styles of conflict handling are differentiated along two dimensions: (functional/dysfunctional, internal/external, concern for others/concern for self, social/cognitive, perceptual/real)

Concern for others and concern for self

The conflict handling style that is a give-and-take approach is: (avoiding, integrating, compromising)

Compromising

Which of the following is not a task role?

Encourager

___holds that people are motivated to behave in ways that produce desired combinations of expected outcomes.

Expectancy theory

Theory Y is a pessimistic view of employees: that they dislike work, must be monitored, and can only be motivated with rewards and punishment.

False (theory x)

Which of the following statements about goals and goal setting is not true?

Goals should be set to a level just beyond reachable

Power is the ability to marshal resources to get something done.

True

Your personal evaluation of your ability to do your job is known as: (meaning, impact, competence, self-determination, significance)

competence

Which of the following situations is most likely to result in conflict? (realistic expectations, clear policies, clear job boundaries, competition for limited resources?)

competition for limited resources

In_, one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party.

conflict

The two general categories of motivation theories are:

content and process

Our personality has nothing to do with our motivation.

false

Process theories of motivation include equity theory and Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory.

false

being a leader requires holding a formal position of authority

false

A person who serves as a passive audience has taken on the role of:

follower

Any attempt to control or manipulate the images related to a person, organization, or idea is called: (coalition building, influence management E, impression management, political tactics, consultation)

impression management

the ability to marshal resources to get things done is known as:

power

A person who is passive-aggressive in reaction to another's influence attempt is exhibiting: (rebellion, resistance, commitment, coercion, compliance)

resistance

The extent to which an individual performs a whole or completely identifiable piece of work in a job is called:

task identity

_ involves staging a structured debate of opposing viewpoints prior to making a decision. (dysfunctional conflict, devil's advocacy, integration, the dialectic method, alternative dispute resolution)

the dialectic method

Effective leadership is influenced not only by leadership behavior, but also task-oriented traits and interpersonal attributes.

true

The members of the management faculty in the business school go out at the end of the semester to a local restaurant for dinner and socializing. They are both a formal and informal group

true

Theory X and Theory Y are sets of assumptions about human nature.

true

uncertainty triggers political actions

true

In order to have effective meetings, a leader should never use an agenda for a meeting.

False

Maintenance roles are not important to group effectiveness, but task roles are essential.

False

Managers wishing to reduce conflict between members and groups should isolate them from each other as much as possible.

False

Motivation refers to the processes that underlie the persistence of behavior, but not its intensity. T/F?

False

Process theories of motivation focus on identifying external factors that influence motivation.

False

Roles are basically the same thing as the duties in a job description.

False

The two general categories of motivation theories are intrinsic and extrinsic.

False (Content and process)

In the adjourning stage, group members re-commit to their dependence on the other group members.

False (basically saying goodbye, good adjourning phase has good understanding and appreciation of what was done, pause in campaign where they thank efforts in campaign like Bernie sanders campaign)

The 3 Cs of team players are committed, collaborative, and communicative.

False (committed, collaborative, competent)

A group that gets together because of a common interest is a formal group.

False (common purpose = formal, common interest is informal)

The "acquired needs" identified by McClelland include the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for esteem

False (esteem is not one of 3 McClelland needs)

In the norming stage of group development, members are attempting to figure out what their roles are.

False (forming, storming is how we fight to clarify who we are as a group, norming is beginning to agree on who going to do what and why, performing is the execution, adjourning is how we wrap things up)

A norm is a written rule a group agrees upon that guides behavior.

False (not written, but present rule)

Commitment is superior to compliance because it is driven by extrinsic motivation.

False, commitment is more intrinsic/internal dynamic

Servant leadership is the same thing as laissez-faire leadership.

False, laissez-faire leaders are those who don't show up when needed

One of the characteristics of a servant leader is a complete delegation of authority to subordinates.

False; servant leader may delegate but they are known for overall service orientation for others, less concerned about getting recognition for themselves, more concerned about making impact as a group or others

___ groups are assigned by organizations or managers, while groups form when members' purpose of getting together is friendship or a common interest.

Formal; informal

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a group? (common identity, shared goal, shared norms, four or more individuals, all of the above)

Four or more individuals

A___is a set of expected behaviors for member of the group as a whole. (maintenance role, task role, group role)

Group role

A person who mediates conflict through reconciliation or humor has taken on the ___ role.

Harmonizer

Gerry, one of your subordinates, seems to care so much about being liked that he rarely states strong opinions in meetings of your department. Based on this, Gerry probably:

Has a strong need for affiliation

Motivation comes from both person and environmental factors.

True

Organizations with the most effective teams typically use hybrid rewards that reward and recognize both individual and team performance.

True

Task roles enable a group to define, clarify, and pursue a common purpose.

True

Teamwork competencies include keeping the team on track and expecting quality work.

True

The 3 Cs of effective teams include charters and strategies, composition, and capacity.

True

The two types of roles that are very important to effective group functioning are task and maintenance.

True

There are five bases of power: legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, and referent.

True

To be a team, a group must be composed of members with complementary skills.

True

In a true team, leadership must be shared

True (different forms of leadership like process leaders, opinion leaders, project leaders, authoritative leaders, institutional leaders)

Social loafing is the tendency of individual effort to decline as group size increases.

True (minimize this by being upfront about the quality that is expected)

The performing stage is characterized by a climate of open communications.

True (open and active, less take more doing)

The best possible influence outcome is———— because the target person's intrinsic motivation energizes good performance. (commitment, defiance, hindrance, compliance, resistance)

commitment

theory(ies) of motivation revolve(s) around the idea that employees' needs influence their motivation.

content

Which of the following is not a content theory of motivation?

expectancy theory

Valued knowledge or information gives an individual power over those needing that information. reward, Coercive, referent, expert, legitimate)

expert

Effective leader behaviors can be identified, but cannot be developed after childhood and adolescence.

false

Conscious efforts to affect and change a specific behavior in others are known as: (impression management, political tactics, influence sharing, power sharing, influence tactics)

influence tactics

A person who clarifies key issues for a group has taken on the role of:

information seeker/giver

Trying to build enthusiasm by appealing to others' emotions, ideals, or values is known as: (exchange, inspirational appeals, consultation)

inspiration appeals

basis of power that most people think of as authority is:

legitimate

Basing a request on explicit or implied support from superiors is known as using: (legitimizing tactics, ingratiation, consultation, exchange, coalition tactics)

legitimizing tactics

Your belief that your work values and goals align with those of your manager, team, or employer is known as: (competence, self-determination, significance, impact, meaning)

meaning

Which of the following is true about organizational conflict?

organizational conflict is inevitable

52) Formal groups perform two basic functions:___and___.

organizational; individual

The type of influence a person exercises independent of his or her job or position is: (reward power, political power, personal power, coercion power)

personal power

Groups routinely outperform individuals, particularly in quantitative tasks

true

Groups share norms and have goals

true

In Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction arise from different sets of factors.

true

Leadership can be assessed at the individual, group, or organization levels.

true

Leadership is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal.

true

Maslow's need hierarchy and Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theories are both examples of content theories (ingredients that make up motivation).

true

One characteristic of a group is the potential for mutual interaction

true

One often overlooked and underestimated source of referent power is your network of relationships.

true

People who have a high need for affiliation tend to avoid conflict

true

Reward, coercive, and negative legitimate power tend to produce compliance, and sometimes resistance.

true

Legitimate power can be expressed either positively or negatively.

True

In_, the negotiating parties cooperatively develop multiple-deal packages while building a productive long-term relationship

Added-value negotiation

is an alternative dispute resolution technique in which disagreeing parties agree ahead of time to accept the decision of a neutral party in a formal court-like setting, often complete with evidence and witnesses. (peer review, ombundsmanship, mediation, arbitration, facilitation)

Arbitration (most difficult and expensive form of ADR)

Extrinsic motivation results from positive internal feelings generated by doing well.

False

Good negotiators should show no emotion.

False

A person who prods the group to move along or to accomplish more has taken on the role of:

Energizer

Effective teams typically have more than 10 members

False

_is an alternative dispute resolution technique in which someone who works for the organization, and is widely respected and trusted, hears grievances on a confidential basis and attempts to arrange a solution. (facilitation, arbitration, ombudsmanship, mediation, peer review)

Ombudsmanship (both parties have high degree of respect and trust for, solution is worked out amongst party, don't have to follow what person says, more of suggestions)

John leads a team of 10 salespersons. He informs the team members that the first member to achieve the year's target will be sent on an all-expenses-paid holiday to the Grand Canyon National Park. John is demonstrating power. (reward, Coercive, referent, expert, legitimate)

Reward

In Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory...

Satisfaction comes from motivating factors and dissatisfaction comes from hygiene factors

In negotiation, the ZOPA is:

The Zone of Possible Agreement

The theory of motivation that focuses on two sharply contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature

Theory x and theory y

46) Team capacity refers to a team's adaptability, that is, its ability to meet changing demands and to effectively transition members in and out.

True

A group role is a set of expected behaviors for members of the group as a whole.

True

According to Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, one of the factors that can cause employees to become dissatisfied is salary.

True

Content theories of motivation focus on identifying internal factors that energize motivation.

True

Encourager is a maintenance role in groups

True

Incivility can include abusive supervision and bullying.

True