Managerial Leadership | Chapter 7 Test Bank

Which researcher(s) measured the relationship between LMX and citizenship behaviors? A. Komives B. Ilies et al. C. Greenleaf D. Graen and Uhl-Bien

Ilies et al

Which of the following is true about LMX theory? A. It is used heavily in management training programs. B. It can be said to highlight favoritism in a workplace. C. It is applicable only in corporate for-profit settings. D. It fails to examine individual relationships between leader and follower.

It can be said to highlight favoritism in a workplace

Which is not a strength of LMX? A. It looks at dyadic relationships in the leadership process. B. It accurately describes the in- and out-group process. C. Research substantiates how LMX is related to organizational outcomes. D. It runs counter to the human value of fairness.

It runs counter to the human value of fairness

Which leadership approach is not leader centered? A. trait B. LMX C. skills D. behavioral

LMX

Which leadership theory centered on the interaction between leaders and followers? A. trait B. skills C. LMX D. style

LMX

According to Harris, Wheeler, and Kacmar, what moderates the impact of leader-member exchange on job outcomes? A. empowerment B. enthusiasm C. cooperation D. amount of experience

empowerment

During the early phases of leadership making, leaders look for what qualities in followers? A. agreeableness and cooperation B. good humor and intelligence C. enthusiasm and participation D. pleasantness and trustworthiness

enthusiasm and participation

During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, interests are ______. A. self-focused B. group focused C. focused on group and self D. reciprocal

focused on group and self

In-group members ______. A. get more information from leaders B. are focused on themselves rather than the team C. have low-quality leader-member exchanges D. do their jobs and nothing more

get more information from leaders

During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, the exchanges are ______. A. low quality B. medium quality C. moderately high quality D. high quality

high quality

The later LMX studies shifted focus from describing in- and out-groups to ______. A. how LMX relates to organizational effectiveness B. how LMX assesses leader behaviors C. how LMX and servant leadership are similar D. how LMX relates to follower skill development

how LMX relates to organizational effectiveness

One of your followers asks to lead the next team brainstorming session and you let him/her do this. You and this follower are ______. A. in the stranger phase of leadership-making B. in a dyadic in-group relationship C. in a dyadic stranger phase D. in the mature-partnership phase of leadership-making

in a dyadic in-group relationship

In LMX, leaders treat followers ______. A. equally B. in a collective way C. independently D. according to group average

independently

During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, ______. A. roles are scripted B. exchanges are negotiated C. influences are mixed D. influences are one-way

influences are mixed

During the stranger phase of leadership making, ______. A. interests are mixed B. exchanges are high quality C. influences are one-way D. interests are group focused

influences are one-way

All of the following are characteristics of out-group members except ______. A. defined roles B. non-negotiating behavior C. innovative ideas D. operation strictly within role

innovative ideas

During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, ______. A. roles are tested B. exchanges are medium quality C. influences are mixed D. interests are group focused

interests are group focused

The prescriptive nature of LMX ______. A. is described by the in-group and out-group B. relies on leaders adjusting to follower characteristics C. is found in the leadership-making phases D. relies on followers making a social connection with the leader

is found in the leadership-making phases

Who is responsible for making the offer for improved career-oriented interactions? A. leader B. follower C. leader or follower D. followers' coworkers

leader or follower

Which of the following leadership theories emphasizes the specific relationship between the leader and each subordinate? A. transformational leadership theory B. path-goal leadership theory C. situational leadership theory D. leader-member exchange theory

leader-member exchange theory

Which theory of leadership suggests that it is important to recognize the existence of in-groups and out-groups within an organization? A. path-goal theory B. expectancy theory C. servant leadership D. leader-member exchange theory

leader-member exchange theory

Before LMX theory, researchers treated leadership as something ______. A. leaders did toward all of their followers B. present within the individual actions of followers C. existing between the leader and each of his or her followers D. as an exclusively two-way, one-dimensional form of communication

leaders did toward all of their followers

During the stranger phase of leadership making, the exchanges are ______. A. low quality B. medium quality C. moderately high quality D. high quality

low quality

Beth and James are in a dyadic relationship on a work team in which both of them are focused on the group's goals and outcomes. Beth and James are in ______. A. tested roles B. low-quality exchange C. stranger phase D. mature partnership phase

mature partnership phase

The leader of your work team consistently shows she trusts and respects you and depends on you to help the team accomplish established goals. You show her through your reliable actions and communication that her trust is warranted. You and your supervisor are in the ______. A. mature partnership phase B. acquaintance phase C. medium-quality phase D. tested stranger phase

mature partnership phase

During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, the exchanges are ______. A. low quality B. medium quality C. moderately high quality D. high quality

medium quality

You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. According to the LMX theory, the influence between you is ______. A. tested B. medium quality C. mixed D. negotiated

mixed

During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, the roles are ______. A. scripted B. tested C. negotiated D. implied

negotiated

During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, the roles are ______. A. scripted B. tested C. negotiated D. implied

tested

You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. According to the LMX theory, you are now in a ______ role. A. tested B. low-quality C. scripted D. negotiated

tested

LMX focuses on ______. A. matching leader behaviors to followers' development levels B. the integration of task and relationship behaviors C. matching the leader behavior to follower characteristics D. the dyadic relationship between the leader and follower

the dyadic relationship between the leader and follower

The vertical dyadic relationship in LMX is established by ______. A. the leader B. the follower C. the leader and follower D. the leader and the organizational structure

the leader and follower

Roles being tested in leadership-making means ______. A. the leader and follower have already tested their interactions and found them satisfactory B. the leader and follower are assessing desire for the follower to take on new responsibilities C. the leader and follower are focused on the rules of interaction D. the leader and follower are comfortable depending on each other

the leader and follower are assessing desire for the follower to take on new responsibilities

According to early LMX theory, which of the following is false? A. the out-group has less influence with the leader than does the in-group B. the leader usually expects extra duties from out-group members C. in-group members are chosen on the basis of compatibility with the leader D. out-group members may not want to be in-group members

the leader usually expects extra duties from out-group members

The early studies in LMX reported that ______. A. after the in-groups are formed, the vertical dyads are formed B. after the out-groups are formed, the vertical dyads are formed C. the vertical dyads form the basis for in-group and out-group formation D. the vertical dyads are independent from in-group and out-group formation

the vertical dyads form the basis for in-group and out-group formation

What is it called in LMX when leaders form a relationship with each of their followers? A. in-group B. out-group C. vertical dyad D. X-Y axes integration

vertical dyad

The early research on LMX theory was called ______. A. group classification theory B. vertical dyad linkage theory C. didactic linkage theory D. horizontal dyad linkage theory

vertical dyad linkage theory

Potential for discrimination in LMX comes from ______. A. the high-quality LMX dyadic relationships B. when followers are in either the in- or out-groups C. when leaders are open to followers switching in- or out-groups D. when leaders attempt to have all followers in the in-group

when followers are in either the in- or out-groups

Which of the following is not a reason followers become part of the in-group? A. how well they work with the leader B. how well the leader works with them C. the amount of interest they show toward negotiating with the leader D. willingness to stay within job and task guidelines

willingness to stay within job and task guidelines

I am a leader of a team of eight employees. In LMX, what is the maximum number of groups this team could be categorized into based on vertical dyadic relationships? A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8

2

According to Graen and Uhl-Bien, leadership making develops progressively over time in how many phases? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

3

Yolanda has been working for a consulting firm for a few months. Her supervisor Ryan asks her one day if she'd like to take on an added assignment by working on some reports for a valuable new client. Yolanda is interested in the opportunity because she wants to have more of a hand in the firm's success. Ryan and Yolanda are most likely in which phase of the leadership making process? A. Phase 1 B. Phase 2 C. Phase 3 D. Phase 4

Phase 2

Ray is the leader of a non-profit organization that supports education for underserved populations in your community. You volunteer regularly with this organization and see Ray almost every day you are volunteering. Yesterday Ray asked you to take on a lead volunteer role, stating that your commitment to the organization and interaction with Ray have shown him he can count on you. You agree to step into this lead volunteer role. You and Ray have just entered which phase of leadership making? A. mature partnership phase B. acquaintance phase C. scripted partnership phase D. stranger phase

acquaintance phase

In the early stages of leader-member relationship development, leaders look for followers who exhibit all of the following except ______. A. enthusiasm B. agreeableness C. participation D. gregariousness

agreeableness

Studies of LMX have concluded all but the following ______. A. empowerment moderates the impact of LMX on job outcomes B. citizenship behaviors and LMX are positively correlated C. high-quality leader-member exchanges foster positive job outcomes D. all employees are in the in-group to some degree

all employees are in the in-group to some degree

How many vertical dyadic relationships can occur in LMX? A. only one, the relationship between leader and all followers B. only one, the relationship between the leader and the in-group C. two, the relationship between the leader and the in-group and out-group D. as many linkages as there are followers

as many linkages as there are followers

A leader who invites a follower to take on more responsibility is ______. A. attempting to help the follower into the in-group B. attempting to determine whether the follower will fail at the task C. attempting to help the follower into the out-group D. attempting to make in-group members resentful of this follower

attempting to help the follower into the in-group

The dyadic relationship in LMX is ______. A. descriptive B. prescriptive C. unscripted D. both descriptive and prescriptive

both descriptive and prescriptive

LMX theory can be applied ______. A. by leaders at all levels of an organization B. by mid-level leaders only C. by upper-level leaders only D. by lower-level leaders only

by leaders at all levels of an organization

You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. The result is that you and your boss are able to redefine your working relationship and find new ways of relating. According to the LMX theory, you are now in a ______ role. A. tested B. mixed C. scripted D. negotiated

negotiated

During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, subordinates tend to focus ______. A. less on their own self-interests B. mostly on their own self-interests C. less on the group's interests D. on both their own and the group's interests

on both their own and the group's interests

I go to work, get the job done and go home. I am most likely in the ______. A. in-group B. out-group C. mature partnership phase D. acquaintance phase

out-group

There is a mutual personality conflict between you and one of your followers. If this continues, the follower will end up in the ______. A. in-group B. out-group C. mature group D. acquaintance group

out-group

Out-group members act differently from in-group members in that they ______. A. interact often with the leader B. perform their job duties but no extra work C. ask for additional responsibility D. receive special attention from their leaders

perform their job duties but no extra work

What is a key predictor of relationship quality for both leaders and followers? A. extraversion B. performance C. agreeableness D. trust

performance

The later LMX studies focused on ______. A. follower locus of control B. positive outcomes for both the leader and followers C. determining out-group characteristics D. task characteristics of the job

positive outcomes for both the leader and followers

The leadership-making model is ______. A. prescriptive B. descriptive C. unscripted D. transactional

prescriptive

During the stranger phase of leadership making, the roles are ______. A. scripted B. tested C. negotiated D. implied

scripted

Which of the following is not a subordinate benefit of high LMX? A. increased performance-related feedback B. preferential treatment C. social interaction outside of the work setting D. ample access to supervisors

social interaction outside of the work setting

The mature partnership phase is not characterized by ______. A. tasks B. respect C. reciprocity D. transformational relationships

tasks