Managerial Leadership | Chapter 7 Test Bank
Which researcher(s) measured the relationship between LMX and citizenship behaviors? A. Komives B. Ilies et al. C. Greenleaf D. Graen and Uhl-Bien
Ilies et al
Which of the following is true about LMX theory? A. It is used heavily in management training programs. B. It can be said to highlight favoritism in a workplace. C. It is applicable only in corporate for-profit settings. D. It fails to examine individual relationships between leader and follower.
It can be said to highlight favoritism in a workplace
Which is not a strength of LMX? A. It looks at dyadic relationships in the leadership process. B. It accurately describes the in- and out-group process. C. Research substantiates how LMX is related to organizational outcomes. D. It runs counter to the human value of fairness.
It runs counter to the human value of fairness
Which leadership approach is not leader centered? A. trait B. LMX C. skills D. behavioral
LMX
Which leadership theory centered on the interaction between leaders and followers? A. trait B. skills C. LMX D. style
LMX
According to Harris, Wheeler, and Kacmar, what moderates the impact of leader-member exchange on job outcomes? A. empowerment B. enthusiasm C. cooperation D. amount of experience
empowerment
During the early phases of leadership making, leaders look for what qualities in followers? A. agreeableness and cooperation B. good humor and intelligence C. enthusiasm and participation D. pleasantness and trustworthiness
enthusiasm and participation
During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, interests are ______. A. self-focused B. group focused C. focused on group and self D. reciprocal
focused on group and self
In-group members ______. A. get more information from leaders B. are focused on themselves rather than the team C. have low-quality leader-member exchanges D. do their jobs and nothing more
get more information from leaders
During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, the exchanges are ______. A. low quality B. medium quality C. moderately high quality D. high quality
high quality
The later LMX studies shifted focus from describing in- and out-groups to ______. A. how LMX relates to organizational effectiveness B. how LMX assesses leader behaviors C. how LMX and servant leadership are similar D. how LMX relates to follower skill development
how LMX relates to organizational effectiveness
One of your followers asks to lead the next team brainstorming session and you let him/her do this. You and this follower are ______. A. in the stranger phase of leadership-making B. in a dyadic in-group relationship C. in a dyadic stranger phase D. in the mature-partnership phase of leadership-making
in a dyadic in-group relationship
In LMX, leaders treat followers ______. A. equally B. in a collective way C. independently D. according to group average
independently
During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, ______. A. roles are scripted B. exchanges are negotiated C. influences are mixed D. influences are one-way
influences are mixed
During the stranger phase of leadership making, ______. A. interests are mixed B. exchanges are high quality C. influences are one-way D. interests are group focused
influences are one-way
All of the following are characteristics of out-group members except ______. A. defined roles B. non-negotiating behavior C. innovative ideas D. operation strictly within role
innovative ideas
During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, ______. A. roles are tested B. exchanges are medium quality C. influences are mixed D. interests are group focused
interests are group focused
The prescriptive nature of LMX ______. A. is described by the in-group and out-group B. relies on leaders adjusting to follower characteristics C. is found in the leadership-making phases D. relies on followers making a social connection with the leader
is found in the leadership-making phases
Who is responsible for making the offer for improved career-oriented interactions? A. leader B. follower C. leader or follower D. followers' coworkers
leader or follower
Which of the following leadership theories emphasizes the specific relationship between the leader and each subordinate? A. transformational leadership theory B. path-goal leadership theory C. situational leadership theory D. leader-member exchange theory
leader-member exchange theory
Which theory of leadership suggests that it is important to recognize the existence of in-groups and out-groups within an organization? A. path-goal theory B. expectancy theory C. servant leadership D. leader-member exchange theory
leader-member exchange theory
Before LMX theory, researchers treated leadership as something ______. A. leaders did toward all of their followers B. present within the individual actions of followers C. existing between the leader and each of his or her followers D. as an exclusively two-way, one-dimensional form of communication
leaders did toward all of their followers
During the stranger phase of leadership making, the exchanges are ______. A. low quality B. medium quality C. moderately high quality D. high quality
low quality
Beth and James are in a dyadic relationship on a work team in which both of them are focused on the group's goals and outcomes. Beth and James are in ______. A. tested roles B. low-quality exchange C. stranger phase D. mature partnership phase
mature partnership phase
The leader of your work team consistently shows she trusts and respects you and depends on you to help the team accomplish established goals. You show her through your reliable actions and communication that her trust is warranted. You and your supervisor are in the ______. A. mature partnership phase B. acquaintance phase C. medium-quality phase D. tested stranger phase
mature partnership phase
During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, the exchanges are ______. A. low quality B. medium quality C. moderately high quality D. high quality
medium quality
You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. According to the LMX theory, the influence between you is ______. A. tested B. medium quality C. mixed D. negotiated
mixed
During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, the roles are ______. A. scripted B. tested C. negotiated D. implied
negotiated
During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, the roles are ______. A. scripted B. tested C. negotiated D. implied
tested
You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. According to the LMX theory, you are now in a ______ role. A. tested B. low-quality C. scripted D. negotiated
tested
LMX focuses on ______. A. matching leader behaviors to followers' development levels B. the integration of task and relationship behaviors C. matching the leader behavior to follower characteristics D. the dyadic relationship between the leader and follower
the dyadic relationship between the leader and follower
The vertical dyadic relationship in LMX is established by ______. A. the leader B. the follower C. the leader and follower D. the leader and the organizational structure
the leader and follower
Roles being tested in leadership-making means ______. A. the leader and follower have already tested their interactions and found them satisfactory B. the leader and follower are assessing desire for the follower to take on new responsibilities C. the leader and follower are focused on the rules of interaction D. the leader and follower are comfortable depending on each other
the leader and follower are assessing desire for the follower to take on new responsibilities
According to early LMX theory, which of the following is false? A. the out-group has less influence with the leader than does the in-group B. the leader usually expects extra duties from out-group members C. in-group members are chosen on the basis of compatibility with the leader D. out-group members may not want to be in-group members
the leader usually expects extra duties from out-group members
The early studies in LMX reported that ______. A. after the in-groups are formed, the vertical dyads are formed B. after the out-groups are formed, the vertical dyads are formed C. the vertical dyads form the basis for in-group and out-group formation D. the vertical dyads are independent from in-group and out-group formation
the vertical dyads form the basis for in-group and out-group formation
What is it called in LMX when leaders form a relationship with each of their followers? A. in-group B. out-group C. vertical dyad D. X-Y axes integration
vertical dyad
The early research on LMX theory was called ______. A. group classification theory B. vertical dyad linkage theory C. didactic linkage theory D. horizontal dyad linkage theory
vertical dyad linkage theory
Potential for discrimination in LMX comes from ______. A. the high-quality LMX dyadic relationships B. when followers are in either the in- or out-groups C. when leaders are open to followers switching in- or out-groups D. when leaders attempt to have all followers in the in-group
when followers are in either the in- or out-groups
Which of the following is not a reason followers become part of the in-group? A. how well they work with the leader B. how well the leader works with them C. the amount of interest they show toward negotiating with the leader D. willingness to stay within job and task guidelines
willingness to stay within job and task guidelines
I am a leader of a team of eight employees. In LMX, what is the maximum number of groups this team could be categorized into based on vertical dyadic relationships? A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8
2
According to Graen and Uhl-Bien, leadership making develops progressively over time in how many phases? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
3
Yolanda has been working for a consulting firm for a few months. Her supervisor Ryan asks her one day if she'd like to take on an added assignment by working on some reports for a valuable new client. Yolanda is interested in the opportunity because she wants to have more of a hand in the firm's success. Ryan and Yolanda are most likely in which phase of the leadership making process? A. Phase 1 B. Phase 2 C. Phase 3 D. Phase 4
Phase 2
Ray is the leader of a non-profit organization that supports education for underserved populations in your community. You volunteer regularly with this organization and see Ray almost every day you are volunteering. Yesterday Ray asked you to take on a lead volunteer role, stating that your commitment to the organization and interaction with Ray have shown him he can count on you. You agree to step into this lead volunteer role. You and Ray have just entered which phase of leadership making? A. mature partnership phase B. acquaintance phase C. scripted partnership phase D. stranger phase
acquaintance phase
In the early stages of leader-member relationship development, leaders look for followers who exhibit all of the following except ______. A. enthusiasm B. agreeableness C. participation D. gregariousness
agreeableness
Studies of LMX have concluded all but the following ______. A. empowerment moderates the impact of LMX on job outcomes B. citizenship behaviors and LMX are positively correlated C. high-quality leader-member exchanges foster positive job outcomes D. all employees are in the in-group to some degree
all employees are in the in-group to some degree
How many vertical dyadic relationships can occur in LMX? A. only one, the relationship between leader and all followers B. only one, the relationship between the leader and the in-group C. two, the relationship between the leader and the in-group and out-group D. as many linkages as there are followers
as many linkages as there are followers
A leader who invites a follower to take on more responsibility is ______. A. attempting to help the follower into the in-group B. attempting to determine whether the follower will fail at the task C. attempting to help the follower into the out-group D. attempting to make in-group members resentful of this follower
attempting to help the follower into the in-group
The dyadic relationship in LMX is ______. A. descriptive B. prescriptive C. unscripted D. both descriptive and prescriptive
both descriptive and prescriptive
LMX theory can be applied ______. A. by leaders at all levels of an organization B. by mid-level leaders only C. by upper-level leaders only D. by lower-level leaders only
by leaders at all levels of an organization
You have been working at your job for over a year. Your boss starts offering you new assignments with weekly meetings in order to exchange valuable information regarding the tasks. The result is that you and your boss are able to redefine your working relationship and find new ways of relating. According to the LMX theory, you are now in a ______ role. A. tested B. mixed C. scripted D. negotiated
negotiated
During the acquaintance phase of leadership making, subordinates tend to focus ______. A. less on their own self-interests B. mostly on their own self-interests C. less on the group's interests D. on both their own and the group's interests
on both their own and the group's interests
I go to work, get the job done and go home. I am most likely in the ______. A. in-group B. out-group C. mature partnership phase D. acquaintance phase
out-group
There is a mutual personality conflict between you and one of your followers. If this continues, the follower will end up in the ______. A. in-group B. out-group C. mature group D. acquaintance group
out-group
Out-group members act differently from in-group members in that they ______. A. interact often with the leader B. perform their job duties but no extra work C. ask for additional responsibility D. receive special attention from their leaders
perform their job duties but no extra work
What is a key predictor of relationship quality for both leaders and followers? A. extraversion B. performance C. agreeableness D. trust
performance
The later LMX studies focused on ______. A. follower locus of control B. positive outcomes for both the leader and followers C. determining out-group characteristics D. task characteristics of the job
positive outcomes for both the leader and followers
The leadership-making model is ______. A. prescriptive B. descriptive C. unscripted D. transactional
prescriptive
During the stranger phase of leadership making, the roles are ______. A. scripted B. tested C. negotiated D. implied
scripted
Which of the following is not a subordinate benefit of high LMX? A. increased performance-related feedback B. preferential treatment C. social interaction outside of the work setting D. ample access to supervisors
social interaction outside of the work setting
The mature partnership phase is not characterized by ______. A. tasks B. respect C. reciprocity D. transformational relationships
tasks