Marine Science - Chemistry of Water Test Review
What is water?
2 atoms of H covalently bonded to 1 atom of O
How much of the earth is covered by Fresh Water?
3%
At what temperature is water most dense?
3.98' Celsius
What is the average ocean-wide salinity of seawater?
34.6 ppt
How much of the earth is covered by water?
71%
How much of the earth is covered by Salt water?
97%
Which ocean is the furthest north?
Arctic
Which ocean is S-shaped?
Atlantic
What are the top seven constituents dissolved in salt water? Top two?
Cl, Na, SO4, Mg, HCO3, Ca, K
The mass of a substance divided by its volume is ?
Density
What does it mean when a fish has high tolerance to salinity change?
Euryhaline
What does it mean when a fish has a high tolerance to temperature changes?
Eurythermal
What is the layer between changing salinity in the water column?
Halocline
What is it called when a fresh water fish doesn't drink anything but has lots of dilute urine?
Hyper-osmotic
What is it called when a salt water fish drinks heavily and has crystal urine?
Hypo-osmotic
Which ocean has 3 major rivers running into it from India and one from Africa?
Indian Ocean
Same salt concentration as surroundings is called?
Isotonic
What is the main component of seawater?
Na - Sodium
Is all the fresh water on earth readily accessible? If not, how much and why?
No, 9%
What is it called when marine organisms can maintain an internal environment that is isosmotic to their external environment?
Osmoconformer
What is it called when a fish has to maintain its bodies internal environment against that of the water?
Osmoregulator
Which ocean holds most of the world's water?
Pacific
Which ocean is the oldest?
Pacific
Which ocean is the widest?
Pacific
Which ocean is the deepest?
Pacific - deepest location is marian trench
What is the saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of water called?
Salinity
Which ocean does not have its own basin?
Southern
What does it mean when a fish has low tolerance to salinity change?
Stenohaline
What does it mean when a fish has low tolerance to temp change?
Stenothermal
What is the layer between changing temperature in the water column?
Thermocline
What is viscosity?
Thickness
What nickname is given to water because of its ability to dissolve most things?
Universal Solvent
Which biogeochemical cycle includes the following... the basis of all living things, atmospheric from respiration and also from burning fossil fuels, and found in land, water, air?
carbon
Which type of water is most dense.. cold or warm?
cold
What are some major importances of the ocean to plant Earth (humans included)?
fresh water, oxygen, food, medicine, fuel
Which biogeochemical cycle includes the following... drives all the other cycles.. necessity for life?
hydrologic cycle
Which type of water is most dense.. liquid, solid, or gas?
liquid
Which biogeochemical cycle includes the following... broken down by bacteria either in the water or in the sediment, found in the atmosphere, water and in the sediment?
nitrogen
Is there more land exposed North or South of the equator?
north
What is a biogeochemical cycle? Which are the three most important, in the oceans?
pathway by which a chemical substance moves through both biotic and abiotic components of Earth -Carbon -Nitrogen -Phosphorous
Which biogeochemical cycle includes the following... found in sediment and waste run-off from land, used by plants, recycled when living things die?
phosphorous
Which type of water is most dense.. salt or fresh?
salt
What nickname is given to the ocean since all the waters can flow back and forth?
worlds ocean
