marriage and family exam
positive interaction
Happiness tends to occur in marriages that are characterized by:
polygyny
Harold is married to Mary and Alice. This is an example of:
time spent in family activities
Through their research, Stinnett and DeFrain found that the happiest childhood memories recalled by their subjects almost always involved:
cohabitation
The term used to describe a situation where a couple lives together without being married is:
vicious circle
The term used to describe a situation where a negative behavior provokes a series of subsequent negative behaviors is:
amniotic sac fluid
The watery environment is which the baby in the womb lives in until birth is called the ______________.
providing for the family
The woman's concept of love encompasses all of the following elements EXCEPT: -discussing the relationship -providing for the family -expressiveness -intimate sharing
double standard
A father warns his daughter about premarital sex, but tells his son that he is becoming a "real" man when he finds out that he is sexually active. This is an example of:
buffer
A good marriage acts as a ____ against mental health problems such as alienation, loneliness, unhappiness, and depression.
unclear
Conflicting role expectations tend to occur when roles are:
sociopath
A person who fails to be socialized to their society is called a ___.
monogamy
A person who is involved in a sexually exclusive relationship with his or her spouse is practicing:
at conception
A person's sex is determined:
propinquity
A researcher discovers that most of the married couples in a moderate-sized Southern city grew up within a 10-mile radius. Her findings illustrate the principle of
get married
A significantly larger proportion of cohabiting women than noncohabiting women want to:
a high degree of religious orientation
A strong value system is most often expressed as:
90
About ____ percent of Americans will marry and establish a family at some point in their lives.
indifferent
According to the principle of least interest, the person with the most power in a relationship is the person who is:
all of the above
According to the text, one of the essential tasks of happily married couples is to: -reach an agreement about marital expectations. -become a team that pulls together. -All of the above. -establish pleasurable sexual relationships
make a decision
After defining needs, gathering information, evaluating resources, and comparing choices, a key component of the decision-making process is to actually:
females are more submissive and dependent than males
All of the following stereotypical sex differences are strongly supported by research EXCEPT: -males have more heart disease. -males are more at risk for disease in general -females are more submissive and dependent than males -males are more aggressive than females.
androgyny
Although Dean is one of the toughest football players on the team, he has pierced ears and wears his hair in a long ponytail. His behavior illustrates the principle of:
emergence of a middle money
An important economic development of the last 40 years for African Americans has been the _____.
family values are a favored government topic
As a result of research on the importance of strong families:
the male's Y chromosome
Basically, the sex of a child is determined by:
biological; cultural
Being male or female is _________. Masculine and feminine behaviors are _______.
are twice as likely to commit a crime leading to incarceration by the time they reach their early 30s
Boys raised in single-parent homes: -have similar outcomes to boys raised in two-parent homes. -are better off than girls in single-parent homes -have greater risks of problems than boys raised in stepfamilies -are twice as likely to commit a crime leading to incarceration by the time they reach their early 30s.
have better physical health
Children who grow up with two biological and successfully married parents are more likely to:
homogamy
Choosing to be with people who are similar to ourselves is called
gender roles
Cox and Demmitt use the Xanith of Oman to show that society plays a strong role in determining:
short term memory loss
Date rape drugs have been used to sedate a person so that their date can have sex with them unknowingly. This type of drug also causes:
consumption unit
Economically, today's family is primarily a:
establish pleasurable sexual relationships
Excessive workplace and family obligations can make it difficult for married couples to:
unclear
Family functioning is disrupted when roles and norms are:
"hooking up"
For many college men and women, dating is synonymous with a relationship defined as a sex-without-commitment interaction known as:
sexual attraction; love
Frequently, ____________ gets confused with ___________, which can lead to disappointment in marriage.
all
In America we have Safe Haven Laws in ___________ of the states.
emotional expressiveness and intimate sharing
In America, the concept of love has been feminized in that it is expected to be expressed through:
believe that a family is defined by the presence of children
In a national opinion poll, Americans were asked, "What constitutes a family?" Results indicate that most people:
religious principles
In a recent survey of community college students, 90% of the respondents who were against premarital sex indicated that their beliefs were influenced by:
power is shared between both spouses
In egalitarian relationships:
marital failure
In general, the younger the age at marriage, the greater the risk of:
common-law marriage
In some states, living together for a lengthy time without having a legal marriage ceremony is called:
togetherness
In the past, there was a fear of losing individuality from too much _________; today, the opposite problem is more common.
conception
In the recent past we could not scientifically determine exactly when life begins. Presently, however, we know and have scientifically determined that life begins at _______________.
paternalism
Juan makes all of the decisions in his family. The term a sociologist would use to describe this authority pattern is:
highly critical family
Lack of confidence and negative self-image may result from growing up in a/an
in economic trouble
Marital disruption is considerably higher among families that are:
have good relationships with their children
Marriage increases the likelihood that fathers will:
The wife agrees to provide a home and raise the children mostly on her own
Marriages in Japan are characterized by different goals than those in the United States. Which of the following is an example of a Japanese marriage goal not shared by the United States? -Both men and women select a mate themselves to meet their psychological needs. -The husband puts his family first once married. -The wife agrees to provide a home and raise the children mostly on her own. -The husband and wife work toward an intimate emotionally fulfilling marriage.
single men
Married men have longer life expectancies than:
marital gradient
Marty and Janelle have dated for a few months and are planning on getting married next year. Marty graduated from college two years ago and has a good job as an architect. Janelle is a few years younger and although she didn't finish college, she enjoys her job as an assistant at the pet clinic. Marty and Janelle are an example of:
role expectations
Mary is frustrated because her husband doesn't take the responsibility for the yard work like her father always did. Mary's disappointment stems from:
sex
Men are most apt to cohabit for:
an X and a Y chromosome
Men have: (chromosomes)
interracial marriage
Miscegenation laws prohibited:
small towns
More traditional, formalized dating is still found in:
accepted and expected patterns of behavior
Norms are:
replacement of dying members (reproduction) and providing emotional gratification and intimacy to its members
Of the six functions society maintains (as outlined in the text) the family has a role in all of them. However, there are two for which the family is solely responsible. These include ____ and _______.
lack of time
One of the most pervasive enemies facing dual-earner families is:
assertive
Parents are more likely to tell boys to be:
love's double cross
Paul was attracted to his wife because she was fun-loving and liked parties. Now that they are married, he constantly complains that they never spend quiet evenings at home alone. This is an example of:
both miscarriage and low birth weigth
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of _______________.
run by participants themselves
Perhaps the characteristic of mate selection in America that most distinguishes it from the rest of the world is that it is:
70 million; 60 million
Planned Parenthood is an abortion clinic that grosses over ____________ dollars a business-year and has killed (aborted) over _____________ babies since abortion became legal in 1973.
a man has multiple wives
Polygyny occurs when:
decreasing physical illness
Research findings suggest that improving marital quality over time is associated with:
there is a positive correlation between religion and marital happiness
Research on the relationship between religion and marriage has consistently found that:
informal commitment
Roberto and Juanita are going steady. Their next step on the dating continuum is likely to be:
monogamy
Roberto has been married to Monica for fifteen years. This is an example of:
unclear when heart beat begins
Roe v. Wade was the Supreme Court decision that made abortion legal in 1973 and the reasoning the court used to justify it was the claim that __________________.
passion
Romantic love constantly seeks ________, making it difficult to maintain in long-term relationships.
intuition
Sally knew something was wrong with her husband when he arrived home from work before he even spoke. This "knowing" is an example of:
all of the above (GO BACK)
Some of the benefits of ultrasound imagery include
promoting each other's welfare
Strong families are committed to ___.
high incomes
Strong families tend to exhibit all of the following qualities EXCEPT: -high incomes -appreciation -commitment -good communication patterns
happier and less stressed than unmarried people
Studies of well-being indicate that married men and women are:
their marital partner is selected by their parents
Surveys of young adults in India have found that most young people feel it is best if:
true
T or F: A false-positive reading on a pregnancy test is VERY unlikely. A false-negative is not as uncommon.
true
T or F: ART stands for "Assisted Reproductive Technologies"
true
T or F: According to research, the higher the importance attached to religion, the lower the likelihood of marital disruption.
true
T or F: Consummate love is the highest triangulation of intimacy, passion, and commitment.
true
T or F: Couples that are more egalitarian tend to share more intimate thoughts and feelings.
false
T or F: Current laws allow the father to have a say in the matter of abortion decisions.
true
T or F: Gianna Jessen is a woman who survived a saline abortion.
true
T or F: In a lasting relationship, the partners must come to a mutual understanding of what each means by "love."
true
T or F: Indifference is the opposite of love.
true
T or F: Ludus and mania types of love tend to produce negative consequences.
true
T or F: Marriages that have little other than "love" going for them tend to dissolve fairly quickly.
true
T or F: Parents and family members are the most significant models for young children.
false
T or F: The majority of cultures around the world use love as the main basis for marriage.
false
T or F: The principle of least interest can be illustrated by the situation where two people in a serious relationship are constantly seeking the approval of the other.
alcohol use
The U.S. Public Health Service believes that __________ is the leading cause of birth defects in the U. S.
high divorce rates
The United States has a large group of older people dating. What is a major contributing factor in this phenomenon?
Born Alive Protection Act
The ____ was enacted to protect babies that survive an attempted abortion from being killed or left to die.
nuclear
The __________ family consists of a mother, a father, and their children.
placenta
The _____________ is the organ that connects the baby to the uterus by the umbilical cord and the baby receives oxygen and nourishment through it.
role equity
The belief that roles should be filled on the basis of individual strengths and weaknesses is called:
age at marriage and the presence of children
The best predictors of marital success are: -premarital sexuality and financial problems. -sexual attraction and passion -age at marriage and the presence of children -friendship and egalitarian gender roles.
X chromosome
The child will be a female if the man's X chromosome combines with the woman's:
Y chromosome
The child will be a male if the woman's X chromosome combines with the man's:
emotional content
The connotative meaning of a word conveys
flows from casual dating of many people to marriage
The dating continuum demonstrates that American dating: -is too open to have set categories -understands the individual needs in mate selection. -flows from casual dating of many people to marriage. -is rarely committed and follows no formal process
dual-earner family
The family in which both partners are employed outside the home is called a:
resilience
The family strength that allows families to rebound ("bounce back") from adversity is
family of origin
The family that we are born into is called the _____.
estrogen
The female hormone that affects female characteristics like breast and hip size is called:
defining what you need or want
The first step in the decision-making process is:
1-12
The first trimester of pregnancy consists of weeks ___________.
testosterone
The hormone that spurs development of testes is called:
endogamy
The inclination or necessity to marry within a particular group is called:
in urban areas
The majority of American Indians live ____________________.
love
The mass media's emphasis on sex has led many Americans to equate sex with:
individual needs and desires
The most important element in the open-choice mate selection process is:
culture
The most important factor in the assignment of gender roles is:
quantity and quality of time are interrelated
The notion that "it is not the quantity but the quality of time together that counts" seems to ignore the fact that: -it is impossible to measure quality of time. -quantity and quality of time are interrelated -intimate interactions can't be quantified. -most parents give their families both quality and quantity of time
single-parent families
The past decade was characterized by a rapid increase in the number of:
family into which we were born and grew up
The phrase family of origin refers to __________________________.
rapport, self-revelation, mutual dependence, personal need fulfillment
The sequence that indicates the proper order of the stages in the wheel theory of love is:
astrology
The study of family cuts across numerous disciplines, including all of the following EXCEPT: -astrology -sociology -anthropology -psychology
social institutions becoming more distinct or in control of family functions/affairs
The term "differentiation" as described in the text refers to:
experiencing intense intellectual, emotional, and, when appropriate, physical communion with another human being
The term intimate means ____.
young one
The term used for a baby in the womb from the time of conception to 8 weeks is embryo. The term used for a baby in womb after 8 weeks is fetus. Both of these terms are Latin and mean ____________.
let things take their course
To have decisions made by "default" means to ________________________.
government enforces a quota of one child per family in urban areas
Today, family structure in America is flexible and private. The same is not true in China, where:
by studying a positive model
We learn most effectively by examining how to do something correctly ___.
38.9 million
What is the approximate number (population) of African Americans in America?
14 million
What is the approximate number of Asian Americans in America?
2.9 million
What is the approximate number of Native Americans/Alaskan Indians in America?
family of origin; family of procreation
What we learn from our _________ influences our intimate relationships in our _________.
listing all the things they do for the family
When accused of not loving their partner, American men often resort to:
higher divorce rates
When compared to noncohabiting couples, couples who cohabit before marriage tend to have:
day 16-24
When does the heart of a baby in womb (embryo) begin to beat?
their own idealizations
When someone has too high expectations, they may "throw away" the real person in favor of:
learned from society
Whether one is male or female is biologically determined, but gender roles are:
Hispanic families
Which is the largest minority group in America?
industrial revolution
Which of the following historical events is credited with removing much of the economic production from the family?
individual needs and desires
With open-choice mate selection, the ensuing marriages are totally subservient to:
two X chromosomes
Women have: (chromosomes)
first trimester
X-rays during pregnancy are extremely dangerous. The worst abnormalities caused by radiation occur when the pregnant female is X-rayed during the _____________.
testosterone
____ affects male characteristics like large body size and muscle mass.
agape
____ is the Greek term for spiritual love.
jealousy
________ is defined as the state of being resentfully suspicious of a loved one's behavior toward a suspected rival.
Margaret Sanger
_____________was the founder of Planned Parenthood and she was a racist eugenicist who targeted the African American population's babies for abortion.
