marriage and family exam

positive interaction

Happiness tends to occur in marriages that are characterized by:

polygyny

Harold is married to Mary and Alice. This is an example of:

time spent in family activities

Through their research, Stinnett and DeFrain found that the happiest childhood memories recalled by their subjects almost always involved:

cohabitation

The term used to describe a situation where a couple lives together without being married is:

vicious circle

The term used to describe a situation where a negative behavior provokes a series of subsequent negative behaviors is:

amniotic sac fluid

The watery environment is which the baby in the womb lives in until birth is called the ______________.

providing for the family

The woman's concept of love encompasses all of the following elements EXCEPT: -discussing the relationship -providing for the family -expressiveness -intimate sharing

double standard

A father warns his daughter about premarital sex, but tells his son that he is becoming a "real" man when he finds out that he is sexually active. This is an example of:

buffer

A good marriage acts as a ____ against mental health problems such as alienation, loneliness, unhappiness, and depression.

unclear

Conflicting role expectations tend to occur when roles are:

sociopath

A person who fails to be socialized to their society is called a ___.

monogamy

A person who is involved in a sexually exclusive relationship with his or her spouse is practicing:

at conception

A person's sex is determined:

propinquity

A researcher discovers that most of the married couples in a moderate-sized Southern city grew up within a 10-mile radius. Her findings illustrate the principle of

get married

A significantly larger proportion of cohabiting women than noncohabiting women want to:

a high degree of religious orientation

A strong value system is most often expressed as:

90

About ____ percent of Americans will marry and establish a family at some point in their lives.

indifferent

According to the principle of least interest, the person with the most power in a relationship is the person who is:

all of the above

According to the text, one of the essential tasks of happily married couples is to: -reach an agreement about marital expectations. -become a team that pulls together. -All of the above. -establish pleasurable sexual relationships

make a decision

After defining needs, gathering information, evaluating resources, and comparing choices, a key component of the decision-making process is to actually:

females are more submissive and dependent than males

All of the following stereotypical sex differences are strongly supported by research EXCEPT: -males have more heart disease. -males are more at risk for disease in general -females are more submissive and dependent than males -males are more aggressive than females.

androgyny

Although Dean is one of the toughest football players on the team, he has pierced ears and wears his hair in a long ponytail. His behavior illustrates the principle of:

emergence of a middle money

An important economic development of the last 40 years for African Americans has been the _____.

family values are a favored government topic

As a result of research on the importance of strong families:

the male's Y chromosome

Basically, the sex of a child is determined by:

biological; cultural

Being male or female is _________. Masculine and feminine behaviors are _______.

are twice as likely to commit a crime leading to incarceration by the time they reach their early 30s

Boys raised in single-parent homes: -have similar outcomes to boys raised in two-parent homes. -are better off than girls in single-parent homes -have greater risks of problems than boys raised in stepfamilies -are twice as likely to commit a crime leading to incarceration by the time they reach their early 30s.

have better physical health

Children who grow up with two biological and successfully married parents are more likely to:

homogamy

Choosing to be with people who are similar to ourselves is called

gender roles

Cox and Demmitt use the Xanith of Oman to show that society plays a strong role in determining:

short term memory loss

Date rape drugs have been used to sedate a person so that their date can have sex with them unknowingly. This type of drug also causes:

consumption unit

Economically, today's family is primarily a:

establish pleasurable sexual relationships

Excessive workplace and family obligations can make it difficult for married couples to:

unclear

Family functioning is disrupted when roles and norms are:

"hooking up"

For many college men and women, dating is synonymous with a relationship defined as a sex-without-commitment interaction known as:

sexual attraction; love

Frequently, ____________ gets confused with ___________, which can lead to disappointment in marriage.

all

In America we have Safe Haven Laws in ___________ of the states.

emotional expressiveness and intimate sharing

In America, the concept of love has been feminized in that it is expected to be expressed through:

believe that a family is defined by the presence of children

In a national opinion poll, Americans were asked, "What constitutes a family?" Results indicate that most people:

religious principles

In a recent survey of community college students, 90% of the respondents who were against premarital sex indicated that their beliefs were influenced by:

power is shared between both spouses

In egalitarian relationships:

marital failure

In general, the younger the age at marriage, the greater the risk of:

common-law marriage

In some states, living together for a lengthy time without having a legal marriage ceremony is called:

togetherness

In the past, there was a fear of losing individuality from too much _________; today, the opposite problem is more common.

conception

In the recent past we could not scientifically determine exactly when life begins. Presently, however, we know and have scientifically determined that life begins at _______________.

paternalism

Juan makes all of the decisions in his family. The term a sociologist would use to describe this authority pattern is:

highly critical family

Lack of confidence and negative self-image may result from growing up in a/an

in economic trouble

Marital disruption is considerably higher among families that are:

have good relationships with their children

Marriage increases the likelihood that fathers will:

The wife agrees to provide a home and raise the children mostly on her own

Marriages in Japan are characterized by different goals than those in the United States. Which of the following is an example of a Japanese marriage goal not shared by the United States? -Both men and women select a mate themselves to meet their psychological needs. -The husband puts his family first once married. -The wife agrees to provide a home and raise the children mostly on her own. -The husband and wife work toward an intimate emotionally fulfilling marriage.

single men

Married men have longer life expectancies than:

marital gradient

Marty and Janelle have dated for a few months and are planning on getting married next year. Marty graduated from college two years ago and has a good job as an architect. Janelle is a few years younger and although she didn't finish college, she enjoys her job as an assistant at the pet clinic. Marty and Janelle are an example of:

role expectations

Mary is frustrated because her husband doesn't take the responsibility for the yard work like her father always did. Mary's disappointment stems from:

sex

Men are most apt to cohabit for:

an X and a Y chromosome

Men have: (chromosomes)

interracial marriage

Miscegenation laws prohibited:

small towns

More traditional, formalized dating is still found in:

accepted and expected patterns of behavior

Norms are:

replacement of dying members (reproduction) and providing emotional gratification and intimacy to its members

Of the six functions society maintains (as outlined in the text) the family has a role in all of them. However, there are two for which the family is solely responsible. These include ____ and _______.

lack of time

One of the most pervasive enemies facing dual-earner families is:

assertive

Parents are more likely to tell boys to be:

love's double cross

Paul was attracted to his wife because she was fun-loving and liked parties. Now that they are married, he constantly complains that they never spend quiet evenings at home alone. This is an example of:

both miscarriage and low birth weigth

Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of _______________.

run by participants themselves

Perhaps the characteristic of mate selection in America that most distinguishes it from the rest of the world is that it is:

70 million; 60 million

Planned Parenthood is an abortion clinic that grosses over ____________ dollars a business-year and has killed (aborted) over _____________ babies since abortion became legal in 1973.

a man has multiple wives

Polygyny occurs when:

decreasing physical illness

Research findings suggest that improving marital quality over time is associated with:

there is a positive correlation between religion and marital happiness

Research on the relationship between religion and marriage has consistently found that:

informal commitment

Roberto and Juanita are going steady. Their next step on the dating continuum is likely to be:

monogamy

Roberto has been married to Monica for fifteen years. This is an example of:

unclear when heart beat begins

Roe v. Wade was the Supreme Court decision that made abortion legal in 1973 and the reasoning the court used to justify it was the claim that __________________.

passion

Romantic love constantly seeks ________, making it difficult to maintain in long-term relationships.

intuition

Sally knew something was wrong with her husband when he arrived home from work before he even spoke. This "knowing" is an example of:

all of the above (GO BACK)

Some of the benefits of ultrasound imagery include

promoting each other's welfare

Strong families are committed to ___.

high incomes

Strong families tend to exhibit all of the following qualities EXCEPT: -high incomes -appreciation -commitment -good communication patterns

happier and less stressed than unmarried people

Studies of well-being indicate that married men and women are:

their marital partner is selected by their parents

Surveys of young adults in India have found that most young people feel it is best if:

true

T or F: A false-positive reading on a pregnancy test is VERY unlikely. A false-negative is not as uncommon.

true

T or F: ART stands for "Assisted Reproductive Technologies"

true

T or F: According to research, the higher the importance attached to religion, the lower the likelihood of marital disruption.

true

T or F: Consummate love is the highest triangulation of intimacy, passion, and commitment.

true

T or F: Couples that are more egalitarian tend to share more intimate thoughts and feelings.

false

T or F: Current laws allow the father to have a say in the matter of abortion decisions.

true

T or F: Gianna Jessen is a woman who survived a saline abortion.

true

T or F: In a lasting relationship, the partners must come to a mutual understanding of what each means by "love."

true

T or F: Indifference is the opposite of love.

true

T or F: Ludus and mania types of love tend to produce negative consequences.

true

T or F: Marriages that have little other than "love" going for them tend to dissolve fairly quickly.

true

T or F: Parents and family members are the most significant models for young children.

false

T or F: The majority of cultures around the world use love as the main basis for marriage.

false

T or F: The principle of least interest can be illustrated by the situation where two people in a serious relationship are constantly seeking the approval of the other.

alcohol use

The U.S. Public Health Service believes that __________ is the leading cause of birth defects in the U. S.

high divorce rates

The United States has a large group of older people dating. What is a major contributing factor in this phenomenon?

Born Alive Protection Act

The ____ was enacted to protect babies that survive an attempted abortion from being killed or left to die.

nuclear

The __________ family consists of a mother, a father, and their children.

placenta

The _____________ is the organ that connects the baby to the uterus by the umbilical cord and the baby receives oxygen and nourishment through it.

role equity

The belief that roles should be filled on the basis of individual strengths and weaknesses is called:

age at marriage and the presence of children

The best predictors of marital success are: -premarital sexuality and financial problems. -sexual attraction and passion -age at marriage and the presence of children -friendship and egalitarian gender roles.

X chromosome

The child will be a female if the man's X chromosome combines with the woman's:

Y chromosome

The child will be a male if the woman's X chromosome combines with the man's:

emotional content

The connotative meaning of a word conveys

flows from casual dating of many people to marriage

The dating continuum demonstrates that American dating: -is too open to have set categories -understands the individual needs in mate selection. -flows from casual dating of many people to marriage. -is rarely committed and follows no formal process

dual-earner family

The family in which both partners are employed outside the home is called a:

resilience

The family strength that allows families to rebound ("bounce back") from adversity is

family of origin

The family that we are born into is called the _____.

estrogen

The female hormone that affects female characteristics like breast and hip size is called:

defining what you need or want

The first step in the decision-making process is:

1-12

The first trimester of pregnancy consists of weeks ___________.

testosterone

The hormone that spurs development of testes is called:

endogamy

The inclination or necessity to marry within a particular group is called:

in urban areas

The majority of American Indians live ____________________.

love

The mass media's emphasis on sex has led many Americans to equate sex with:

individual needs and desires

The most important element in the open-choice mate selection process is:

culture

The most important factor in the assignment of gender roles is:

quantity and quality of time are interrelated

The notion that "it is not the quantity but the quality of time together that counts" seems to ignore the fact that: -it is impossible to measure quality of time. -quantity and quality of time are interrelated -intimate interactions can't be quantified. -most parents give their families both quality and quantity of time

single-parent families

The past decade was characterized by a rapid increase in the number of:

family into which we were born and grew up

The phrase family of origin refers to __________________________.

rapport, self-revelation, mutual dependence, personal need fulfillment

The sequence that indicates the proper order of the stages in the wheel theory of love is:

astrology

The study of family cuts across numerous disciplines, including all of the following EXCEPT: -astrology -sociology -anthropology -psychology

social institutions becoming more distinct or in control of family functions/affairs

The term "differentiation" as described in the text refers to:

experiencing intense intellectual, emotional, and, when appropriate, physical communion with another human being

The term intimate means ____.

young one

The term used for a baby in the womb from the time of conception to 8 weeks is embryo. The term used for a baby in womb after 8 weeks is fetus. Both of these terms are Latin and mean ____________.

let things take their course

To have decisions made by "default" means to ________________________.

government enforces a quota of one child per family in urban areas

Today, family structure in America is flexible and private. The same is not true in China, where:

by studying a positive model

We learn most effectively by examining how to do something correctly ___.

38.9 million

What is the approximate number (population) of African Americans in America?

14 million

What is the approximate number of Asian Americans in America?

2.9 million

What is the approximate number of Native Americans/Alaskan Indians in America?

family of origin; family of procreation

What we learn from our _________ influences our intimate relationships in our _________.

listing all the things they do for the family

When accused of not loving their partner, American men often resort to:

higher divorce rates

When compared to noncohabiting couples, couples who cohabit before marriage tend to have:

day 16-24

When does the heart of a baby in womb (embryo) begin to beat?

their own idealizations

When someone has too high expectations, they may "throw away" the real person in favor of:

learned from society

Whether one is male or female is biologically determined, but gender roles are:

Hispanic families

Which is the largest minority group in America?

industrial revolution

Which of the following historical events is credited with removing much of the economic production from the family?

individual needs and desires

With open-choice mate selection, the ensuing marriages are totally subservient to:

two X chromosomes

Women have: (chromosomes)

first trimester

X-rays during pregnancy are extremely dangerous. The worst abnormalities caused by radiation occur when the pregnant female is X-rayed during the _____________.

testosterone

____ affects male characteristics like large body size and muscle mass.

agape

____ is the Greek term for spiritual love.

jealousy

________ is defined as the state of being resentfully suspicious of a loved one's behavior toward a suspected rival.

Margaret Sanger

_____________was the founder of Planned Parenthood and she was a racist eugenicist who targeted the African American population's babies for abortion.