Mass Com Final (Korpi)

In the period between 1900 and 1910, what innovation in photoprinting drove newspaper circulation to new heights? - Halftone printing. - Lithography. - Photojournalism - Illustrations and cartoons.

halftone printing

The person responsible for creating Life magazine was: - Gardner Cowles - Alfred Eisenstaedt - Henry R. Luce - Stefan Lorant

Henry R. Luce

What division of a record company is responsible for scouting new talent? - A&R (Artists and Repertoire) - Production - Publicity and Marketing - Distribution and Sales

A&R (Artists and Repertoire)

Which of the items below apply to comic books: - since the beginning primarily intended for children - account for a large percentage of magazine sales - influential because of their large audience - primarily reliant on the established magazine and book distributors - as digital comic sales increase, print sales decrease - moved to "direct sales" model through specialty stores in the 1970s - publishers did great damage to the industry by overreacting to threats of government censorship - an "in between" medium--not really a book, not really a magazine - characterized by a strong "geek factor" - a tiny part of the U.S. publishing industry

- moved to "direct sales" model through specialty stores in the 1970s - publishers did great damage to the industry by overreacting to threats of government censorship - an "in between" medium--not really a book, not really a magazine - characterized by a strong "geek factor" - a tiny part of the U.S. publishing industry

In the year 2000, how much did it cost to download a single on Napster? 0 cents 1 cent 10 cents 49 cents 99 cents

1 cent

Cassette tapes reached their peak popularity in which of the following decades? 1990s 1950s 1970s 1980s

1980s

In what year did annual CD unit sales exceed those of cassettes for the first time? 1979 1984 1992 Julia Morgan

1992

About how many minutes of music could be stored on a CD? 25 minutes 35 minutes 75 minutes 105 minutes

75 min

Which of the following was NOT an underlying issue with 8-track technology that hindered its widespread adoption? - 8-tracks broke easily, and the tape often became tangled - 8-track cartridges were very large and could not be easily transported - 8-tracks could not rewind - The sound quality declined as 8-tracks were played and songs would bleed over into the next

8-track cartridges were very large and could not be easily transported

Why were 8-track tapes so successful when they were first released in the mid-60s? - 8-tracks were mechanically superior to cassettes and CDs - 8-tracks could fit an entire album on a small device - 8-tracks allowed people to listen to the songs they wanted to in their own cars - 8-tracks allowed people to listen to AM radio with higher fidelity

8-tracks allowed people to listen to the songs they wanted to in their own cars

Which of the following companies is NOT currently among the major record distributors? - Warner Music Group - Sony Music - Universal Music Group - BMG

BMG

In the 1970s, who predicted a type of camera and uses of that camera that are very close to how we do photography today? - George Eastman - Steve Sasson - Edwin Land - Henry Talbot

Edwin Land

Who is credited with inventing "instant" photography? - George Eastman - Steve Sasson - Edwin Land - Henry Talbot

Edwin Land

The most powerful of the two musicians' unions, American Federation of Musicians (AF of M), represents whom? - Vocalists - Instrumentalists - Radio performers - Record companies

Instrumentalists

What writer/artist team was responsible for creating The X-Men, The Incredible Hulk, and The Fantastic Four? - Stan Lee and Steve Ditko - Jack Kirby and Stan Lee - Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster - Bob Kane and Bill Finger - Joe Simon and Jack Kirby

Jack Kirby and Stan Lee

How do composers receive payment for the use of their materials on the radio, in jukeboxes, and so forth? - Musicians' unions collect fees and distribute them among members. - Royalties from record companies on records sold provide the only payment to artists. - Radio stations, jukebox companies, and others pay a royalty each time a record is played. - Music rights organizations collect annual fees for the commercial use of music and distribute them to member composers, authors, and publishers.

Music rights organizations collect annual fees for the commercial use of music and distribute them to member composers, authors, and publishers.

Which of the following is NOT a music rights organization? ASCAP RIAA BMI SESAC

RIAA

Who is credited with building the first digital camera (in 1975)? - George Eastman - Steve Sasson - Edwin Land - Henry Talbot

Steve Sasson

What is a snapshot? - A photograph taken quickly and without deliberation. - "Snapshot" is another word for an instagram, which was a very small photograph produced by the Kodak Brownie. - A snapshot is a ruined photograph. - A snapshot was a photograph that could be developed very quickly.

a photograph taken quickly and without deliberation

What was a composograph? - A staged news photograph. - A collage of photos meant to tell a story. - A slideshow of photographs. - The first color photograph.

a staged news photograph

What did Alexander Graham Bell develop that greatly improved the phonograph? - A wax-covered cylinder recording from which a copy of a recording could be made - The flat disk recording from which numerous copies of recordings could be made - The gramophone - The telephone extension

a wax-covered cylinder recording from which a copy of a recording could be made

How did amateur photography differ from professional photography? - Amateur photography was considered to be a passing trend while professional photography was not. - Amateur photography was largely unstaged, experimental, and spontaneous, whereas professional photography was characterized by careful composition. - Amateur photography phased in and out in popularity, while professional photography did not. - Amateur photography had a smaller market than professional photography.

amateur photography was largely unstaged, experimental, and spontaneous, whereas professional photography was characterized by careful composition

The two major scientific endeavors that led to a workable system of photography had to do with: -An optical system and the persistence of vision. - Holography and development of the camera obscura. - An optical system and the chemical reaction of silver salts. - Pinhole imagery and the effects of mercury vapor.

an optical system and the chemical reaction of silver salts

What audio format accounted for the most sales in the 1980s? - audio cassette - 33 1/3 rpm vinyl - 45 rpm vinyl - CD

audio cassette

Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Walkman's popularity? - Audiologists feared ear damage from constant musical accompaniment - Some towns passed ordinances banning the use of the Walkman from anyone driving or riding a bike on a public street due to safety concerns - Repair shops refused to service Walkmans because the parts were too tiny - Cassette tapes, which were primarily manufactured in rural American towns, were rendered obsolete

cassette tapes, which were primarily manufactured in rural American towns, were rendered obsolete

Identify the primary function of the Comics Code Authority (CCA). - copy protection method for digital comics - sponsors the San Diego Comic Con - censorship - trade association for comic publishers - public relations

censorship

The demise of picture magazines such as Life and Look can be traced mainly to: - Competition from other picture magazines. - The popularity of motion picture newsreels. - Competition from television. - The increased use of photographs in newspapers.

competition from television

What prompted the inclusion of a second headphone jack and the ability for two listeners to talk to each other through a microphone in the design of the Walkman? - Concerns that the device was too isolating - The consumer need for a recording feature - The other portable device that Sony had previously developed, the Discman, included two headphone jacks and a microphone The significant failure of the Walkman the first year it was released

concerns that the device was too isolating

What was the original purpose of the Compact Cassette? - Dictation - Making copies of music records - Recording radio shows - Recording scientific lectures

dictation

How did rap music, an important genre in Black American culture, begin? - Major record labels wanted a genre that would target the Black population, so they invented rap - Rap became the primary expression of anti-war sentiment in the 1970s, a topic that was important to the Black community - Disk jockeys in the 1970s, who worked at nightclubs and in parks, started experimenting - Black immigrants from Africa introduced rap music to America in the 1970s

disk jockeys in the 1970s, who worked at nightclubs and in parks, started experimenting

Both the Edison and Berliner machines electronically recorded sound with a microphone. T/F

false

Canon and Nikon sell more cameras than anyone else. T/F

false

Electronic still cameras were digital from the very beginning. T/F

false

Independent record companies do not have the time or resources to invest in the development of young artists and would prefer to sign with already established artists. T/F

false

Kodak was one of the first to experiment with CCD-based photography, and leveraged that into a prominent place in the digital photography market. T/F

false

Kodak's Kodachrome film was popular because of its extremely accurate and realistic color reproduction. T/F

false

Most Americans in 1982 were familiar with digital devices, and this is why the CD was adopted so rapidly. T/F

false

Napster made its two founders incredibly wealthy. T/F

false

Napster no longer exists. T/F

false

Once Edison saw that the phonograph worked he knew that the primary application would be playing music. T/F

false

Photojournalism is the photographing of staged recreated events. T/F

false

Studies show that people who download pirated music actually purchase more music than they would otherwise. T/F

false

The Civil War photographs most popular with the public were action shots of the battles. T/F

false

The first Brownie, a wildly successful consumer camera developed by Eastman, sold for $100 T/F

false

The first revolutionary change Eastman brought to photography was the idea of using sprocket holes for flexible roll film. T/F

false

The intense competition among newspaper publishers during the Civil War created the first real photo reporters. T/F

false

Sony released the first Walkman in 1992. T/F

false (1979)

Most radio stations only belong to one of the three licensing companies. T/F

false (Most stations need to belong to all three of these licensing companies because each controls some of the music they want to broadcast.)

LP sales have been declining steadily over the years and currently fewer than 1 million units are sold annually. T/F

false (because they're making a comeback ?)

Payola is music industry slang for royalty payments. T/F

false (bribing disc jockeys, producers, and other radio station employees who controlled which records would be played on the air)

Most music artists have an agent who receives between 30 to 40 percent of an artist's fees. T/F

false (it's 10-15%)

What is the most important contribution independent and small record companies make to the industry? - Supplying independent distributors with records. - Finding and popularizing previously unknown artists - Creating more work for musicians. - Increasing competition within the industry.

finding and popularizing previously unknown artists

Which of the following George Eastman innovations was key in the development of motion pictures? - flexible roll film - a machine to manufacture dry plates - a simple to use inexpensive camera, the "Kodak" - the process for processing and printing pictures

flexible roll film

What was the name of the machine that played Emile Berliner's flat disk recordings? - Phonograph - Berlophone - Telephone - Gramophone

gramophone

What advantages for the recording industry were gained by the development of tape technology? - It facilitated the adoption of the new electrical system for recording to replace the mechanical system. - It permitted long, continuous recording and easier editing. - News of the development attracted additional capital for expansion of the industry. - It led directly to Goldmark's invention of the long-playing record.

it permitted long, continuous recording and easier editing

The drawback of the Ermanox camera was that: - It was too bulky. - Its lenses were too slow. - It was not a miniature camera. - It used individually-loaded glass plates.

it used individually-loaded glass plates

Which of the following is NOT true of the extraordinary photographer Margaret Bourke-White? - Worked for Life magazine. - Documented the fate of Southern sharecroppers. - Became the first woman to go on an Air Force combat mission. - Known for her famous photos of the Manzanar Relocation Camp during WW2.

known for her famous photos of the Manzanar Relocation Camp during WW2

Documentary photography categorically includes all but which of the following? - War Photography - Landscape Photography - Staged Photography - Event Photography

landscape photography

All of the following are media forms or genres that are popular worldwide. Which of these forms is not dominated by U.S. producers? - pop music - episodic TV drama - manga - chick flicks - feature films

manga

Which of the following is NOT an important way that music impacts our perceptions and interactions with others? - Music, especially music that addresses salient topics, shapes our understanding of the world - Music provides each generation of young people a common and cherished experience - Music allows the youth to seek approval from and assimilate with older generations - Music provides a relatively harmless source of rebellion for the young

music allows the youth to seek approval from and assimilate with older generations

The development of the dry-plate process brought what advantages to professional photographers? - Photographers were able to mobilize and take their equipment with them, whereas before this development they could only take photographs inside. - Photographs could be taken much more quickly and stored for later development. - Photographs were much sharper and developed far more quickly. - Dry plates are much smaller than wet plates, meaning photographers could take more pictures in a photographic outing.

photographs could be taken much more quickly and stored for later development

One of the greatest problems that digital technology presented to the recording industry was: - Pirating of recordings. - Decline of musical groups. - Competition from music videos. - Competition from radio.

pirating of recordings

The first photographic experiments involved which of the following processes? - Pressing insect wings or leaves against a photosensitive material. - Exposing silver to exceedingly bright light. - Imprinting silver chloride onto an ammonia-covered tablet. - Creating a lithograph.

pressing insect wings or leaves against a photosensitive material

Which of the following was NOT a factor that contributed to the success of the early record industry? - Competition among record and phonograph manufacturers - Companies cutting the prices of their records due to competition - The popularity of jukeboxes in the 1930s - Radio was beginning to decline in popularity, so people had to use records to listen to their favorite radio personalities

radio was beginning to decline in popularity, so people had to use records to listen to their favorite radio personalities

The LP, or long-playing record: - Recorded and played at 78-RPM with more grooves per inch and could play for three or four minutes on a side - Recorded and played at 78-RPM with more grooves per inch and could play for fifteen to thirty minutes on a side - Recorded and played at 33 1/3-RPM with more grooves per inch but could only play for three or four minutes on a side - Recorded and played at 33 1/3-RPM with more grooves per inch and could play for fifteen to thirty minutes on a side

recorded and played at 33 1/3-RPM with more grooves per inch and could play for fifteen to thirty minutes on a side

The largest percentage of the regular retail price of a recording goes toward: - Artist royalty and recording fees - Manufacturing costs - Retailing costs and profit - Legal fees

retailing costs and profit

Why were tabloid newspapers popular when first introduced? - Tabloids were packed with crime and sex stories and plenty of accompanying photographic material. - Tabloids were a cheap alternative news source. - Tabloids were seen as containing very short, to the point stories with no extraneous material added. - Tabloids were printed on cheaper paper, making them easier to distribute quickly.

tabloids were packed with crime and sex stories and plenty of accompanying photographic material

Why was the Compact Cassette such a revolutionary innovation? - The Compact Cassette gave anyone the ability to record tracks of audio by themselves - The Compact Cassette could be installed in vehicles so people could listen to music on-the-go - The Compact Cassette allowed professional audio engineers to record higher fidelity sound than ever before - The Compact Cassette allowed for compact discs (CDs) to be played on-the-go

the Compact Cassette gave anyone the ability to record tracks of audio by themselves

In World War Two, war photojournalists found their most effective photos in capturing what theme? - The human cost of the war. - Action. - Important victories and defeats. - War and industry.

the human cost of the war

Replacing the pinhole with a lens in a camera obscura creates what effect? - The image becomes clearer. - The image becomes larger. - The image becomes brighter. - The image becomes smaller.

the image becomes brighter

What is a heliograph? - The product of the first complete photographic system. - An image of the sun projected onto the wall of a camera obscura. - A photograph of the sun. - A tracing produced by an artist copying the image produced in a camera obscura.

the product of the first complete photographic system

The creation of a record album involves many steps. Which of these steps is most closely tied to whether you, as a member of the audience, are likely to buy the product? - The quality of the artists' performance. - The quality of the production. - The quality of the publicity and marketing. - The quality of the sales and distribution personnel.

the quality of the publicity and marketing

What disadvantage came with the invention of a photographic system that produced negative images? - Negative images could not be copied. - Negative images were more easily damaged or over-developed. - The resulting prints had a naturally lower resolution than positive daguerreotypes. - Negative images were often too dark to be of any use.

the resulting prints had a naturally lower resolution than positive daguerreotypes

What is an advantage that the major record labels have over smaller independent record labels? - They are more resilient to fluctuations in the market - They appeal exclusively to niche audiences - They have a smaller variety of more popular labels - There are no advantages of major record labels over independent companies

they are more resilient to fluctuations in the market

A photo essay is a series of related photographs and text. T/F

true

A regular monthly comic is about 22 pages of content. T/F

true

Before the Walkman, listening to your own choice of music meant being limited to your home stereo or your car, or if you wanted portable music, you had to listen to a transistor radio playing music not selected by you. T/F

true

Dedicated portrait studios came about as early as the development of the daguerreotype. T/F

true

Flash powder greatly increased the number of situations in which news photography was possible. T/F

true

Image Comics is the 3rd largest comic book publisher in the U.S. T/F

true

Independent record companies have little overhead because they own neither recording nor distribution facilities. T/F

true

Most of DC's comics are superhero titles. T/F

true

One reason that exaggerated/improbable/fantasy anatomy is common in comics is that fantasy anatomy is easier to draw. T/F

true

Recording sound on wax-covered cylinders is an analog process. T/F

true

Regarding explicit music, the FCC has taken the position that the station licensee has the same public service responsibility in selecting and rejecting music to be played on the station as it has in selecting and rejecting any other content of the station. T/F

true

Sony released the first commercial compact disc (CD) player in 1982. T/F

true

Still photography is the pictorial medium with which we have the least experience. T/F

true

The CD's digital nature probably formed the basis of its own undoing. That is, the record labels digitized thousands of albums and released them on CD without any copy protection. T/F

true

The George Eastman innovation that was most important in developing a mass market for photography was his system for film developing and printing. T/F

true

The Speed Graphic camera was standard equipment for many American press photographers until the mid-1960s. T/F

true

The daguerreotype was the first truly practical photographic process. T/F

true

The key enabling technology for the iPod was a tiny hard-drive that Toshiba didn't know what to do with. T/F

true

There are single issues of comic books that are worth more than $1 million. T/F

true

Until the early 1980s, probably no gatekeeper for any medium of communication had more power than the radio disc jockeys had over which recordings would become hits and which would die. T/F

true

When opening iTunes Music Steve Jobs argued that simplicity and ease of use would trump music piracy. T/F

true

Music has been used as propaganda, or at least as a method of persuasion, just as much as any other form of mass media. T/F

true (Music is used not only to add persuasive bits of information to the messages in our heads about war; persuasive music plays an important role in peacetime also)

On what day of the week are new comic books released? Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

wednesday

What do the two musicians' unions NOT bargain for on behalf of their members? - Minimum fees musicians must receive for making a record - The conditions when musicians are being recorded for a film's soundtrack - What extra fees musicians must be paid if a soundtrack they recorded will be used to market a film - Whether or not a broadcast station should censor a song

whether or not a broadcast station should censor a song

"Photography" literally means: - Writing or drawing with light. - To capture light and shadow. - The science of imagistic graphics. - Recording the world.

writing or drawing with light

What distinguishing feature of CDs enabled them to rapidly become more popular than existing technologies? - You could skip directly to the song you wanted to listen to - CD players could easily be installed in vehicles - CDs were more portable than existing technologies - CDs were sold primarily in department stores and were more accessible to the general consumer

you could skip directly to the song you wanted to listen to