Mass media 1-7
Most newspapers are __________. A. national B. colorful C. easy to read D. international E. local
E. local
Which of the following examples represents a textbook that is likely to appeal to the widest cross-section of modern society? A. A history textbook that describes the goals of both sides of the Civil War B. A health textbook that refers only to abstinence in its chapter on sex education C. A biology textbook that endorses creation theory in its chapter on evolution D. A civics textbook that describes one political party more favorably than others E. An English textbook that only includes examples of work from male authors
A. A history textbook that describes the goals of both sides of the Civil War
Which is an example of technological convergence? A. A newspaper reporter also writes an article for a company's website. B. Several media companies sell their properties to become more efficient. C. Old telegraph wires are converted to new phone lines. D. Two media companies merge to form a larger company. E. A U.S.-produced TV show becomes popular in Russia.
A. A newspaper reporter also writes an article for a company's website.
Which of the following best demonstrates the difference(s) between television and radio as broadcast media? A. Compared to radio, television is more expensive to transmit, has higher costs to produce, and is not as easily "played in the background" while participating in another activity such as driving or reading a book. B. Television is mostly funded through advertisements, while radio makes most of its money from subscription services. C. Radio requires much more infrastructure than television does. D. Radio is more expensive to transmit and requires more specialized knowledge than television. E. Radio personalities are much more charming than television personalities.
A. Compared to radio, television is more expensive to transmit, has higher costs to produce, and is not as easily "played in the background" while participating in another activity such as driving or reading a book.
The basic business model in the recorded music industry can be divided into which three main parts? A. Creation, promotion, and distribution B. Advertising, subscriptions, and distribution C. Distribution, creation, and fees D. Planning, subscriptions, and fees E. Fees, advertising, and distribution
A. Creation, promotion, and distribution
DRM stands for which of the following? A. Digital rights management B. Digital rights movement C. Digital radio management D. Direct radio movement E. Direct rights management
A. Digital rights management
What is a primary characteristic of interpersonal communication? A. It is usually interactive or flows at least two ways. B. It tends to be anonymous. C. One speaker generally talks without listening to feedback. D. It cannot also take place through a medium or communication channel. E. It is one-to-many.
A. It is usually interactive or flows at least two ways.
The recorded-music industry is similar to book publishing in what key way? A. Over half of the total sales volume in both industries comes from only a handful of artists/clients, numbering only in the hundreds. B. Both are losing clients because of the Internet. C. Both are losing money. D. Most of the sales volume in both industries comes from a myriad of artists, numbering in the tens of thousands. E. Both industries heavily advocate the use of DRM.
A. Over half of the total sales volume in both industries comes from only a handful of artists/clients, numbering only in the hundreds.
Suppose you want to start your own restaurant. Which of the following methods of obtaining seed money would best be described as crowdfunding? A. Posting the potential location, menu, and business plan to Kickstarter and setting up an appropriate funding goal. B. Saving the money by yourself to start a restaurant. C. Using a government program to obtain the money to start a restaurant. D. Obtaining a business loan from a bank to start a restaurant. E. Asking your parents for the money to start a restaurant.
A. Posting the potential location, menu, and business plan to Kickstarter and setting up an appropriate funding goal.
Which of the following best summarizes the main difference(s) between satellite radio and "traditional" radio? A. Satellite radio is a subscription-based service with fewer limitations on content, better audio quality, and access to much larger territory than traditional radio. B. Traditional radio has evolved to resemble audio programming rather than broadcast radio. C. Satellite radio has a larger audience than traditional radio. D. Traditional radio utilizes digital signals, whereas satellite radio does not. E. Satellite radio has more advertisements than traditional radio.
A. Satellite radio is a subscription-based service with fewer limitations on content, better audio quality, and access to much larger territory than traditional radio.
Which contemporary American film auteur directed the films Do the Right Thing (1988) and Miracle at St. Anna (2008) and often addresses topics that deal with race relations and controversial issues? A. Spike Lee B. Blake Edwards C. Stanley Kubrick D. Stephen Spielberg E. Martin Scorsese
A. Spike Lee
Citizen journalism is popular in the field today because __________. A. audiences can provide coverage of local events and news that big news organizations overlook B. political parties rely on the work of citizen journalists to promote certain candidates C. it is a way for news managers to cut costs. D. research has shown that citizen journalism is significantly more accurate than traditional journalism E. all forms of user-generated content (including citizen journalism stories) have high artistic value
A. audiences can provide coverage of local events and news that big news organizations overlook
When consumers start to examine the content of media messages they can turn into media-literate viewers. One skill such viewers acquire is to look at the _________ of media content and identify who is being interviewed, who is being treated as an expert, and who is being quoted early on in the story— aspects that determine the overall meaning of the message. A. framing B. monopolization C. segmentation D. manipulation E. teasing
A. framing
Kiss could best be described as belonging to which of the following musical movements? A. Glam rock B. Folk rock C. The British Invasion D. Motown E. Surf rock
A. glam rock
The changes in our media environment have created greater demand on our media-literacy skills and our digital media-literacy-skills. The problem of dealing with the enormous amounts of information available to us via the Internet and different media outlets is known as ________________. A. information overload B. posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) C. ADHD D. media paralysis E. framing consent
A. information overload
Some of the biggest television events involve sports. The Super Bowl draws the largest U.S. television audience each year. It is a near-perfect form of television because it _________. A. is at once topical and entertaining B. opens the door to a subscription-based model that encourages continued usage C. allows for online access that other media do not offer D. allows for tie-ins to the major studios E. promotes a marketing strategy that is targeted strictly toward a younger audience
A. is at once topical and entertaining
Muckrakers often reported for magazines rather than newspapers because __________. A. magazine deadlines were less time-sensitive B. magazines were more widely read C. newspapers weren't interested in their stories D. newspapers avoided political subjects E. magazines were more influential
A. magazine deadlines were less time-sensitive
Which of the following represents a form of print media designed specifically for surveillance? A. News blog B. Dictionary C. Encyclopedia D. Thesaurus E. Cookbook
A. news blog
Which of the following represents a form of print media designed specifically to entertain? A. Picture book B. Dictionary C. Encyclopedia D. Cookbook E. Thesaurus
A. picture book
Which of the following represents a challenge that might cause substantial changes in the book-publishing industry in the near future? A. Revenue streams from ebooks B. New book genres C. Advances in printing technology D. More brick-and-mortar bookstores E. New best-sellers
A. revenue streams from ebooks
Suppose the radio in your car utilizes a digital signal that charges a monthly or yearly subscription fee. What kind of radio station would you most likely be listening to? A. Satellite B. Internet C. AM D. Commercial E. FM
A. satellite
Radio and recorded music have their own grammar, one that is based solely on _______. A. sound B. readers C. rhythms D. listeners E. multiple audio tracks
A. sound
According to the Society of Professional Journalists' code of ethics, what is the primary responsibility of the reporter? A. To tell the truth B. To make sure that no one knows that he or she is being covered C. To seek out testimonials of diverse perspectives D. To take pictures related to the relevant story E. To make money
A. to tell the truth
The __________ was the first paperback form. A. codex B. penny press C. mass-market paperback D. magazine E. dime novel
E. dime novel
On average, how many hours per day a child between eight and eighteen spend in front of some kind of screen (TV, computer, or smartphone/mobile device)? A. 5 B. 6.5 C. 8 D. 3.5 E. 4
B. 6.5
Advertising space in newspapers accounts for roughly __________ of content in the typical daily U.S. format. A. 20 percent B. 60 percent C. 40 percent D. 10 percent E. 80 percent
B. 60 percent
Printing and distribution account for roughly __________ of newspaper production costs. A. 10 percent B. 65 percent C. 20 percent D. 50 percent E. 80 percent
B. 65 percent
how do commercial radio stations make their money? A. From subscribers B. From on-air advertisements C. From government subsidies D. From the recording industry, which pays them a fee in order to have their music broadcast E. From listener contributions
B. From on-air advertisements
Two of the earliest and most famous Technicolor films, both released in 1939, have become classics in the history of American cinema. Audiences are still mesmerized by these movies, which have retained their appeal to large audiences. What are these two films? A. Psycho and The Birds B. Gone with the Wind and The Wizard of Oz C. M and Nosferatu D. The Black Pirate and The Jazz Singer
B. Gone with the Wind and the Wizard of Oz
What is the most-viewed series in television history? Broadcast on Music Television (MTV), this show paved the way for a sea change in television programming in which networks started to cater to a more fragmented and specialized audience. A. The Osbournes B. Jersey Shore C. The Real World D. Jackass E. Celebrity Deathmatch
B. Jersey Shore
Which of the following would best be categorized as a noncommercial radio station? A. Sirius XM Radio B. NPR C. Clear Radio D. Spotify E. Slacker Radio
B. NPR
Sound film changed the landscape of movie-making forever. The first "talkie" offered audiences the experience of listening to recorded music. That film, which was released in 1927 and marks the beginning of sound on film, is _____________. A. Steamboat Bill, starring Buster Keaton B. The Jazz Singer C. The Great Train Robbery D. Charlie Chaplin's The Kid E. The Birth of a Nation
B. The Jazz Singer
Which statement best describes the relationship between the television and the movie industries in the twentieth century? A. The two industries now cooperate after initially competing with each other. B. The two industries have frequently competed for audiences. C. The two industries now compete after initially cooperating with each other. D. The two industries have consistently cooperated with each other. E. The two industries have largely ignored each other.
B. The two industries have frequently competed for audiences.
The prominence of Thomson Reuters, which earns the majority of its revenue from electronic databases rather than printed books or journals, among publishers is a clear example of the way mergers and digital media are affecting the publishing industry, because __________. A. Thomson acquired Reuters in 2007 B. Thomson Reuters doesn't rely on printed books as its main source of revenue C. Thomson sold its textbook division in 2007 D. Thomson Reuters needs to open more brick-and-mortar stores E. Pearson is now ranked ahead of Thomson Reuters as the world's largest publisher
B. Thomson Reuters doesn't rely on printed books as its main source of revenue
In many developing countries, technology is not easily accessible because of ______________. A. autocratic government control B. a lack of cell phones C. a widespread lack of media-literacy skills D. rural telecommunications decay E. inadequate phone lines and irregular Internet service
B. a lack of cell phones
An example of user-generated content is __________. A. a photocopied textbook B. an original drawing done using illustration software C. an archived historical document D. a digital newspaper or magazine E. content that is purchased by an Internet user
B. an original drawing done using illustration software
The rise of user-generated content and social media directly challenges ___________, which have enjoyed largely unquestioned dominance of the public's attention throughout most of the twentieth century. A. satellite connectivity B. cable access stations C. radio and TV stations only D. radio transmitters E. traditional media companies
B. cable access stations
One function of print media is to interpret and ascribe meaning to issues and events in order to help individuals understand their roles within the larger society and culture. This function is called __________. A. marketing B. correlation C. entertainment D. cultural transmission E. surveillance
B. correlation
One function of print media is the transference of the dominant culture, as well as its subcultures, from one generation to the next or to immigrants in order to help people learn how to fit into society. This process is also called __________. A. marketing B. cultural transmission C. surveillance D. entertainment E. correlation
B. cultural transmission
Target ads are geared toward specific consumer behavior. Television is trying to do what _______________ has/have been practicing for a while. A. the International Communication Association B. Internet advertisers C. the radio industry D. the Broadcast Association of America E. the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
B. internet advertisers
Because of "pass-along readership," newspaper readership is __________ circulation. A. more important than B. larger than C. less important than D. less than E. equal to
B. larger than
In addition to reaching local television audiences, superstations also transmit content to __________. A. international media conglomerates B. national television audiences C. streaming video services D. public broadcasters E. Internet radio subscribers
B. national television audiences
Stereotypes are presented so frequently that they seem to be _____________. A. unbelievable B. natural C. economical D. commonsense E. weird
B. natural
The most important function of modern newspapers is to inform the public about important events. This function is called __________. A. correlation B. surveillance C. entertainment D. cultural transmission E. marketing
B. surveillance
Which of the following is the best example of payola in the record industry? A. A disc jockey giving an artist cash or gifts in exchange for an exclusive interview B. A portion of an artist's salary being derived from the number of his albums the record label sells C. A record label giving cash or gifts to a disc jockey in order to secure airtime D. An artist agreeing to an exclusive interview in exchange for increased airtime E. A portion of a radio disc jockey's salary being derived from record labels' new songs
C. A record label giving cash or gifts to a disc jockey in order to secure airtime
What was the first twenty-four-hour television news network? A. CNBC B. Fox News C. CNN D. ESPN E. Sirius Radio
C. CNN
__________ refers to the merging of Internet or telecommunications companies with traditional media companies, such as Comcast with NBC Universal. A. Cultural convergence B. Interpersonal convergence C. Economic convergence D. Technological convergence E. Political convergence
C. Economic convergence
The gramophone used a flat disc to record sound rather than the cylinder that had been used up to that time. Who was its inventor? A. Alexander Graham Bell B. Charles Tainter C. Emile Berliner D. Heinrich Hertz E. Thomas Edison
C. Emile Berliner
One of the lead theorists of semiotics who helped coin the notion of signs was ____________. A. René Magritte B. Roland Barthes C. Ferdinand de Saussure D. James Potter E. Stuart Hall
C. Ferdinand de Saussure
Which female film producer worked with Stephen Spielberg to form Amblin Entertainment and is credited for her work on films such as E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), The Sixth Sense (1999), War Horse (2011), and Lincoln (2012)? She insists that the essence of a great film is _______________. A. Emma Thompson; great acting B. Nina Jacobsen; great producing C. Kathleen Kennedy; great storytelling D. Kathryn Bigelow; great directing E. Sally Field; great acting
C. Kathleen Kennedy; great storytelling
______ is known as the "father" of radio broadcasting. A. Heinrich Rudolf Hertz B. Granville T. Woods C. Lee de Forest D. Ernst Alexanderson E. Reginald A. Fessenden
C. Lee de Forest
Magazines use higher-quality paper stock that gives them a unique distinction over newspapers. What is that distinction? A. Newspapers look more cheaply made than magazines. B. Magazines can use more exceptional visuals than newspapers C. Magazines are intended to be kept longer than newspapers. D. Newspapers don't cover those subjects that magazines do. E. Magazines cost less than newspapers to produce.
C. Magazines are intended to be kept longer than newspapers.
What is one impact of social media on our privacy? A.Companies now carefully protect consumer privacy with social media. B.There is no impact; people just change their settings to make their social media more private. C.Maintaining privacy is harder than it was before social media existed. D.Companies now have a harder time monitoring our behavior. E.Maintaining privacy is easier today than it was before social media existed.
C. Maintaining privacy is harder than it was before social media existed.
What are the two major functions of still images in society? A. Technology enhancement and recordkeeping B. Visual storytelling and motivation C. Surveillance and cultural transmission D. Information and manipulation E. Enhancing technology and professionalism
C. Surveillance and cultural transmission
Media scholars on the left say that the media are not ___________ liberals but actually skew toward promoting conservative or at least corporate-friendly ideologies. A. misleading regarding B. vengeful toward C. biased toward D. tolerant of E. understanding toward
C. biased toward
A danger of the entertainment function of mass communication is that __________. A. entertainment can encourage civic participation B. entertainment can transmit specific sets of values C. entertainment can perpetuate certain stereotypes D. entertainment can be taken for granted E. entertainment can raise artistic and cultural tastes
C. entertainment can perpetuate certain stereotypes
Once you turn yourself into a media produser, you can challenge assumptions about how media are presented and the messages they send us as a society at large, and add your personal slant. If you were to take a commercial or music video and reconstruct it in order to assess your expectations, you would be able to present it ______________. A. using postproduction software B. with blatant stereotypes C. from an alternative perspective D. as a viral phenomenon E. as a dominant group
C. from an alternative perspective
Understanding media helps individuals comprehend the pervasiveness of information, how media influence our culture, and how media can ____________. A. affect only particular parts of everyday life B. create technophobic people C. manipulate public opinion D. exist separately from society E. only slightly impact political decision-making
C. manipulate public opinion
From the following list of historical developments in printing technology, which occurred in a geographically separate area from the others? A. Scriptoria B. Mechanical printing press C. Movable copper-alloy type D. Vellum made from animal hides E. Codexes
C. moveable copper alloy type
Entertainment media play an important role in normalizing or demonizing certain types of behaviors in society. Daytime talk shows may actually help diversify opinions and make controversial topics more acceptable. Among those taboo items discussed on talk shows are issues surrounding transgender youth and domestic violence. The visibility of topics may help further embed such subject matters in ____________. A. transnational societies B. our support of the widespread media oligopoly C. our popular culture landscape D. our telecommunications fabric E. the critical convergence of media
C. our popular culture landscape
Synchronous media __________. A. do not require the audience to assemble at any given time B. require using a personal computer to act as editor, publisher, and writer C. require the audience to be assembled simultaneously with the broadcast, transmission, or event D. require Internet archives to support research projects E. are the programs used to move media from your computer to your tablet or smartphone.
C. require the audience to be assembled simultaneously with the broadcast, transmission, or event
In Nigeria, many women who run market stalls in urban areas use mobile phones to easily coordinate prices with each other in different parts of the city. This is an example of how telecommunications can help facilitate ______________. A. effective public relations B. equal opportunity C. a sense of community D. price-sharing E. increased reliability
C. sense of community
The main functions of mass communication are cultural transmission, correlation, __________, and __________. A. entertainment; socialization B. surveillance; socialization C. surveillance; entertainment D. surveillance; digitalization E. digitalization; socialization
C. surveillance; entertainment
Assuming that the American movie industry does adopt digital technology at all levels of production, movie audiences will be able to look forward to ___________. A. holograms in movie theaters B. cinema with taste and motion elements C. the improvement of picture quality (including 3-D) and sound D. decreased ticket sales E. more transmissions of high-culture programming such as opera performances
C. the improvement of picture quality (including 3-D) and sound
What phenomenon is demonstrated when a show that's produced in the United States ( Sex and the City, for example) becomes wildly popular in another country? A. Political convergence B. Economic convergence C. Interpersonal convergence D. Cultural convergence E. Technological convergence
D. Cultural convergence
Which of the following best explains why radio is particularly important in developing nations? A. Radio is used primarily for entertainment and cultural transmission. B. Radio has many highly localized stations. C. Radio is the most versatile analog media. D. Radio is cheap to transmit and receive. E. Radio personalities usually speak many languages.
D. Radio is cheap to transmit and receive.
Satellite radio is often of little use during emergency situations. Which of the following best explains why? A. Satellite radio is not forced by the FCC to broadcast about emergency situations. B. Satellite radio stations do not care about emergency situations. C. Satellite radio is not as loud as traditional radio. D. Satellite radio utilizes computerized automated systems to play songs, and DJs often host remotely, making adaptation to a changing situation impossible. E. Satellite radio uses digital signals that are more unreliable than those used by traditional radio.
D. Satellite radio utilizes computerized automated systems to play songs, and DJs often host remotely, making adaptation to a changing situation impossible.
A significant area of convergence is the space produced by the melding of the television and the personal computer. Related to this, how is television different today compared to when it was first developed? A. Television allows viewers to send printed communication messages to their friends. B. Television is less interactive and prevents viewers from participating in shows. C. Television can show millions of colors and not just black and white. D. Television is interactive and allows viewers to participate in shows by voting. E. Television has a limited range of programming and focuses on narrowcasting.
D. Television is interactive and allows viewers to participate in shows by voting.
Which part of the traditional financial model for paper books puts paper book publishers at a disadvantage to ebook publishers? A. Serialization B. Advertising revenues C. Authors' contracts D. Wide distribution E. Production costs
E. production costs
How do "centralized" media organizations operate? A. They specialize in one aspect of media production and distribution. B. They seek special government subsidies to produce and distribute content. C. They encourage regular Internet users to contribute content. D. They control all aspects of media production and distribution. E. They rely on the old production and distribution models.
D. They control all aspects of media production and distribution.
The primary function of the American motion picture industry is to ___________. A. raise Awareness about social conflict B. evoke critical thinking C. change gender roles D. entertain E. inform audiences about family values
D. entertain
There are three primary means of distributing television programming. Which of the following is NOT one of them? A. Broadcasting B. Cable C. Direct-to-home satellite D. Internet E. All four are primary means of distribution
D. internet
Media critics have argued that there is a significant downside to media conglomerates and media monopolies. Greater concentration of ownership results in ___________, meaning that the public is poorly served. A. growing participation of nonmainstream views B. more jobs for members of minority groups C. mediocre reporting D. less diversity of media voices E. less public communications power
D. less diversity of media voices
The __________ was a newspaper format sold at a low price point in order to be accessible to everyone. Supported by advertising rather than subscriptions, it was meant to attract as large an audience as possible. A. paperback B. dime novel C. codex D. penny press E. magazine
D. pennypress
Advertising can play a major role in ____________ and promoting cultural norms, which has drawn criticism from advocacy groups around the country, who have turned to social media as an excellent platform to voice dissent. A. supporting women's rights B. stimulating the economy C. mimicking the shopping behavior of the 1 percent D. propagating certain cultural stereotypes E. advocating for social rights
D. propagating certain cultural stereotypes
Media bias does not only occur in news stories. Entertainment media play an important role in _____________ and normalizing or demonizing certain types of behavior. A. promoting cultural tolerance B. advocating for fairness C. creating sympathy for members of minority groups D. propagating stereotypes E. launching media campaigns for civil rights
D. propagating stereotypes
The media grammar of television fiction uses many of the same techniques seen in movies. However, television production budgets are much _________ than movie budgets. A. more complicated to manage B. easier to communicate to studio bosses C. less focused on above-the-line overhead D. smaller E. easier to control
D. smaller
The main channel for marketing movies is still __________. A. Twitter B. Internet advertising C. handbill distribution D. television advertising E. radio advertising
D. television advertising
In the future, new products may be offered to consumers through television as a result of freed-up bandwidth space. Such interactive services might include: A. online dating services B. the introduction of holograms into the living room C. the ability to interact with stars on Entertainment Tonight D. video-on-demand E. the ability to watch programs simultaneously in different languages
D. video on demand
As media consumers we take mental shortcuts in order to create meaning out of the information we receive in our everyday lives. The practice of __________ helps us to classify, organize, and interpret things into certain frameworks presented in the media. A. channel-surfing B. spinning C. connecting with others in the cloud D. tweeting E. framing
E. framing
The first cable television systems, called community antenna television, or CATV, were built noncommercially in what year? A. 1984 B. 1964 C. 1980 D. 1976 E. 1948
E. 1948
What was the highest-rated television program series of the 1970s that became infamous for bigotry? A. Hill Street Blues B. The Wire C. Monday Night Football D. NYPD Blue E. All in the Family
E. All in the family
__________ media such as newspapers or magazines do not require the audience to assemble at any given time. A. Advertising B. Illegal C. Synchronous D. Free E. Asynchronous
E. Asynchronous
Many newspaper journalists are now expected to write stories and shoot videos. What broader convergence issue does this demonstrate? A. Communications professionals do not have to worry about digital media. B. Communications professionals are getting paid more for their work than in the past. C. Communications professionals are doing far less work today than in the past. D. Communications professionals are working for larger companies than in the past. E. Communications professionals have multiple job roles today.
E. Communications professionals have multiple job roles today.
Which of the following best explains why FM radio is more popular than AM radio today? A. AM radio has no interesting programming. B. FM radio has more commercial breaks and therefore more appeal for consumers. C. FM radio has a more expensive, stronger broadcasting system. D. AM radio has less static, and AM dials are not included in most automobile radios. E. FM radio has less static, its dials are included in most automobile radios, and it typically has more local and diverse programming.
E. FM radio has less static, its dials are included in most automobile radios, and it typically has more local and diverse programming.
______ labels produce the majority of music titles. A. Consolidated B. Internet C. Major D. Corporate E. Independent
E. Independent
An inventor outside the United States developed the daguerreotype, a method of developing a positive image on a metal plate. Daguerreotypes became popular during the American Civil War. The person credited with the invention is: A. Sergei Eisenstein B. Mathew B. Brady C. Louis Lumière D. Dziga Vertov E. Louis Daguerre
E. Louis Daguerre
What was the most-watched original series in the history of HBO cable television in the early twenty-first century? A. Sex and the City B. Game of Thrones C. True Blood D. Boardwalk Empire E. The Sopranos
E. The Sopranos
How does product placement in film and television demonstrate the principles of convergence? A. Viewers participate in the creation of innovative programming. B. Viewers are exposed to only those items that pay the most to the producer. C. Viewers are passive consumers of interpersonal communication messages. D. Viewers are exposed to a limited range of viewpoints. E. Viewers see a mix of normal programming and advertising content.
E. Viewers see a mix of normal programming and advertising content.
In radio station programming, the 6 a.m. to 10 a.m. time period when most people listen to the radio as they get ready for work or school is an example of which of the following? A. Shiftlight B. Morningpart C. Primetime D. Timeout E. Daypart
E. daypart
Without a literary agent, most new or unpublished writers have difficulty __________. A. finding subjects to write about B. creating believable characters C. writing a satisfying ending D. deciding what to title a work E. publishing their work
E. publishing their work
One underlying assumption of criticisms of media bias and media effects is that the public is largely passive and accepts unquestioningly the media it consumes. However, audience research has shown that audiences can be ___________ in interpreting and using media. A. quite passive B. quite obnoxious C. quite argumentative D. quite aggressive E. quite active
E. quite active
Media scholar Robert McChesney has observed that the media oligopoly of the leading nine media giants is not the only threat to the diversity of opinion and information. An additional threat is the fifty so-called ___________ that operate on a national or international level and generate more than $1 billion of business each year. A. telecommunications subsidiaries B. block booking systems C. local media distributors D. blind bidders E. second-tier media companies
E. second tier media companies
At its inception radio received considerable financial support from which of the following? A. A wealthy entrepreneur B. Various nonprofit organizations C. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) D. Corporations based in the United States E. The U.S. military
E. the U.S military
Radio stations are given call letters designating the station according to _____________. A. the type of programming they air B. the time they are most active C. the type of transmission they broadcast D. FCC rules E. the geographic location in which they operate
E. the geographic location in which they operate
The correlation function of mass communication is important because __________. A. the media help people learn society's rules and how to fit into society B. the media ethically depict a society's dominant cultures and subcultures C. the media tell audiences exactly what to do and when to do it. D. the media can keep audiences informed about issues, events, and other developments in society E. the media help individuals understand their roles within society and culture by interpreting events and issues and ascribing meaning to them
E. the media help individuals understand their roles within society and culture by interpreting events and issues and ascribing meaning to them
What change radically altered the videotape market in the 1990s? A. The invention of HD technology B. The switch away from the Hollywood star system C. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 D. The collapse of Blockbuster E. The move from videotapes to DVDs
E. the move from videotapes to DVDs
Advertising became the primary revenue source in the modern business model for newspapers because __________. A. advertisements serve an important social function B. local newspapers wanted to promote local businesses C. newspapers with advertisements are more visually appealing D. readers enjoy advertisements more than articles E. the price of a newspaper did not cover printing and distribution costs
E. the price of a newspaper did not cover printing and distribution costs
The change from a point-and-click interaction with a mouse has been replaced by touch-screen swipes and "pinches" that help manipulate content. These features make us aware that _______________. A. manual manipulation of the screen will soon be replaced by Google glasses B. 3-D viewing is the next frontier of media exposure C. information today can be accessed at record speed compared to fifty years ago. D. voice activation could accelerate the user interface even more E. there is nothing "natural" about how we use media today
E. there is nothing "natural" about how we use media today
QUESTION 2 What was the first means of electronic communication? A. Telegraph B. Television C. Telephones D. Internet E. Radio
a. telegraph
