mastering
Each IgG has ________ binding sites for attachment to antigenic determinants. A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) up to 8 E) as many as a 1000
2
Martha had a heart transplant. In order to prevent her body from rejecting the transplant she takes
immunosuppressive drugs
The process by which antibodies bind to antigenic sites on viruses or toxins, rendering them incapable of binding to other cells, is called
neutralization
during a primary humoral response to antigens all of the following occur except
neutrophils invade the surrounding areas, releasing chemotactic substances
A crime scene investigator found that a biological fluid sample contains a large amount of IgA-type antibody. This fluid is probably
tears
all of the following are true of the secondary response to humoral immunity except that it
weakens quickly because memory B cells only last for a year or two
immunglobulins that are found on the surface of B cells and may activate antibody production are called
IgD
immunoglobulins that attach to and sensitize mast cells and basophils are
IgE
most abundant immunoglobulins
IgG
immunoglobulins that are formed of 5 subunits that are the first antibodies to be produced in response to infection are
IgM
During the primary response, which antibody peaks sooner? During the secondary response, which antibody level is higher? (Figure 22-25)
IgM, IgG
defense of the body against a particular pathogen is provided by
adaptive immunity
what is the name of the unique area (specific region) that a lymphocyte recognizes and binds to?>
an antigenic determinant, also called an epitope
the complement system works closely with and complements the action of
antibodies
the attraction or repulsion of cells to a chemical in its environment is called
chemotaxis
movement of phagocytes through capillary wall
diapedesis
T cells and B cells can only be activated by
exposure to a specific antigen in a specific site in the plasma membrane
Class I MHC proteins
found on all nucleated cells
Class II MHC proteins
found on antigen presenting cells
immunity that is genetically determined and present at birth is called
innate immunity
cytokines that make a cell and its neighbors resistant to a virus infection are called
interferons
immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called
naturally acquired active
The process by which soluble antigens combine with antibodies to form insoluble immune complexes is called
precipitation
autoimmune disorders result from failure of what property of immunity?
tolerance
In a routine examination, some blood is taken and analyzed. The results show a high IgM titer for the mumps virus but a low IgG anti-mumps titer. This would indicate the person
was recently infected w mumps