Mastering A&P II Ch 17

The function of hemoglobin is to

carry oxygen

The function of red blood cells is to

carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells.

Platelets are

cytoplasmic fragments of large cells.

Which of these descriptions best matches the term lymphocytes?

defend against specific pathogens or toxins

White blood cells that are increased in individuals with allergic reactions are the

eosinophils

Which of the following are the most abundant of the formed elements?

erythrocytes

The process of red blood cell production is called

erythropoiesis

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

erythropoietin

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

hematocrit

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is

hemoglobin

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would die of

hemorrhage.

RBCs typically live about 120 days. The main reason for this short lifespan in RBCs is their

lack of nucleus.

A cancer of the white blood cells is called

leukemia

The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the

neutrophils

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of

neutrophils.

An elevated hematocrit value is termed

polycythemia

All the circulating red blood cells originate in the

red bone marrow.

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is

red bone marrow.

A condition where pathogens are present and multiplying in the blood is called

septicemia

When a person who lives at sea level vacations in the Rocky Mountains, you would expect

the release of erythropoietin. a rise in hematocrit. a drop in oxygen levels. **All of the answers are correct.

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because

their blood lacks A or B antibodies.

If the blood types of a donor and recipient are compatible, then

there is no reaction between antibodies and antigens.

Which of the following is a function of the blood?

transport of gases transport of nutrients and wastes defense against toxins and pathogens transport of body heat ***All of the answers are correct.

Which blood type consists of plasma containing both anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

type O

The most abundant component of plasma is

water

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

whole blood

Which of the following is false concerning monocytes?

>>about same size as basophils can phagocytize bacteria become macrophages enter tissues and wander are long-lived

Overall, the most common blood type is

O

Type O+ blood cannot be given to a type _______ recipient.

O-

The average lifespan of a red blood cell is

4 months.

A typical adult hematocrit is around

45

Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood?

45 percent

The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately ________ liters.

5 to 6

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.

Anemia

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. This means

Bill could donate blood to an individual with type AB blood. Bill's plasma contains B antibodies. Bill is Rh negative. Bill could receive type A-negative blood in a transfusion. All of the answers are correct.

How does a treatment with RhoGAM prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

It destroys fetal RBCs that enter the maternal circulation.

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation?

The coagulation pathway would be lacking a required cofactor at many steps and coagulation would be prevented.

The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if

a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal.

Hemolytic disease of the newborn may result if

an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus.

A person with Type A blood has

antigen A on the RBCs and anti-B antibodies in the plasma.