mastering biology- chapter 4

Which type of cell is likely to have the most mitochondria

muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true

Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components?

Cilia

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

Which of the following is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis is a typical eukaryotic cell

Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

ER-Golgi_vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells posses specialized membrane-bound organelles

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the ____

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of cell walls and the cell extracellular matrix

both are external to the plasma membrane

Which of the following correctly compares the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cell walls of plant walls

both the ECM and the plant cell walls are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates

Which of the following structures is found in animal cells but not plant cells

centrioles

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system

chloroplast

Bacterical cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they ____

have no membrane-bound organelles

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose, and why is it the best choice?

light microscope because the specimen is alive

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

manufacturing

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells

mitochondria

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

mitochondrion

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following

motor proteins

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through __________.

plasmodesmata

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common

ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to __________.

secrete a lot of protein

cell fractionation _____

separates cells into their component parts

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pore, and the nuclear membrane

subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

the intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions

A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing animal cells. In which cellular structure(s) would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate

the nucleus