MCB 100 infection and disease

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endemic disease

# cases stable and predictable in affected area

IgG

-85% of antibodies -carries out many functions including: complement activation, agglutination, opsonization, and neutralization. IgGs can pass through the placenta from the mother to a fetus to provide some protection to the infant

active immunity

-host produces antibodies that bind and inactivate antigen -memory develops

IgE

-monomeric; release histamines from mast cells & attract eosinophils -fight off parasites too large for phagocytes

IgD

acts as a membrane-bound antigen receptor on B-cells.

epidemic

sudden, unpredicted increase in disease cases

immunoglobins

antibodies

IgA

dimeric; 5% in blood but most commonly synthesized -mucous and milk and secretions

immunity

enhanced resistance to specific infection as a result of previous exposure -produce specific proteins called antibodies

pandemic disease

epidemic in many regions of wold simultaneously

artificial immunity

host deliberately exposed to antigen to produce immune response

natural immunity

host encounters infectious antigen in uncontrolled fashion

passive immunity

host receives preformed antibodies made by another individual -gives immediate protection but no memory

antibody

Y-shaped protein that is found in blood serum or mucous that is formed in the host in response to exposure to an antigen -each specific to one antigen

antigen

a foreign (non-self) complex which, when introduced into a host, causes the host to make specific antibodies that can bind to that antigen -large; usually protein or protein nucleic acid -must have immunogenicity (stimulate antibody production) and reactivity (binds to antibody well)

Resistance

natural ability of a host to resist an infection by a microorganism that the host has never encountered before -nonspecific

sporadic disease

occurrence is rare and unpredictable

IgM

pentameric; 10% of blood agglutinizes well -predominant in primary immune response -complement activation -neutralize toxins


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