MCY313 Exam 3
Peru Negro in Miami (2008)
"Le dije a papa" Zamacueca - courtship dance performed by African Slaves in Peru Marinera - national dance of Peru Cajon - Big Box Drum
Reynaldo Armas
(1953-Present) Born in Guárico, Venezuela on August 4th, 1953 One of Venezuela's most successful musicians, composed more than 350 songs AKA: El Cardenal Sabanero Llanero singer and composer Primarily composed joropas From Venezuela One of Venezuela's most successful musicians, composed more than 350 songs AKA El Cardenal Sabenro Primarily composed joropos Played El Indio- Reynaldo Armas (talks about pride of culture & these people) Harps, maracas, but vocals become more prominent
"Cadenas"+
(Chains) Popular Music Colombia & Venezuela -Rosendo Romero Ospinas (composer) -Listening Guide 4.6 (p. 150) *vallento Ivo Diaz and band
"El Sapo"+
(The Toad) -Listening Guide 4.1 (p. 132) Nicaraguan baile de la marimba Jacinto Cano *Nicaraguan marimba ensemble
The Guardians of the Marimba
(UNESCO) Peru and the Andes Video
"Neblina blanca"+
(White Fog) *Peru and the Andes The Commercial Wayno -Listening Guide 8.5 (p. 354) -chuscada: regional variant (Ancash) *wayno *La Huaracinita Books example Variation of Wayno Much larger ensemble than just guitar and vocals Vocals- reflect lost love and difficulties of moving to new life Translates to White Fog (could reflect prejudice of migrants) Played Neblina Blanca (name also said in first line of song. Very high sounds. No low instrument really except lower part of guitar
Carlos Vives
(b. 1961) Born in 1961 in Santa Marta (part of the province of Magdalena) in Colombia to an upper class family Originally an actor who played a Vallenato musician on a hit TV soap opera called Escalona The Latin American Rock en espagnol movement gained momentum because of Vives and he paved the way for Latin pop icons such as Juanes and Shakira First album in his new style was Clasicos de la Provincia (broke record sales) in 1993 Vallenato and cumbia "neuvo" and techno-macondism Juxtaposes electrical guitar (modern technology) with button accordion (typical of traditional Vallenato) Vallenato style but added new elements Globalized appeal Tries to mix it so that neither old or new elements overpower each other International success from mixing traditional elements with new technology Played Carlos Vives- La Gota Fria (gaita (the flute))
"Fuego de cumbia"+ **know this one
**know this one ?Traditional Music *Colombia *Los Gaiteros de San Jacinto --Listening Guide 4.4, p. 145 (Cumbia Fire) *cumbia
"Vengo"
*Ana Tijoux A French-Chilean musician Peru and the Andes
"Eres"
*Cafe Tacvba *Mexico Mejor Canción de Rock
"La Gota Fria"
*Carlos Vives (gaita (the flute)) *Colombia mix of old and new elements
"Tiembla"
*Desorden Publico *Venezuela Uses music to comment on Latin American politics and society
"La Bamba"
*Lila Downs *Mexico Famous for her use of Mexican indigenous elements
"Contrabando Y Traicion"
*Los Tigres del Norte *From Mexico Replaced the usually poetic language of corridos with very straight forward words
"Boceto Para Esperanza"
*Malpais Exemplify the "new sound" of Costa Rica
"Sinfonia india"+
*Mexico *Carlos Chavez -One-movement, 5 sections -Expanded percussion w/ indigenous instruments -Quotes melodies of Cora & Seri tribes -Listening Guide 3.9 (p. 118) *one-movement symphony
"Solamente una vez"+
*Mexico Agustín Lara --Listening Guide 3.6 (p. 104) --Characteristic Mexican vocal trio style (Only Once) *bolero Characteristic Mexican vocal trio style Standard percussion Los Panchos
"Plegaria a un labrador"+
*Peru and the Andes *Victor Jara -features Quilapayún --Listening Guide 8.6 (p. 360) *nueva cancion
"Flor de la canela"+
*Peru and the Andes Criollo & Afro-Peruvian Music *Vals *Chabuca Granda (1920-83) --Listening Guide 8.4 (p. 350)
"Adios pueblo de Ayacucho"+
*Peru and the Andes Mestizo Musical Practices -Composed 1900, reflected longing based on migration to coastal areas -Manuelcha Prado and Carlos Falconí - Listening Guide 8.3 (pp. 342-43) *wayno In book, for exam (not on spotify though) It's a Wayno First line of lyrics = name of song *Falconi and Prado
"Suenos de Guillermo"+
*Venezuela *Grupo Mina Listening Guide 4.9 (p. 167) (Dreams of Guillermo) *malembe More popular version of the traditional music racism does exist in these countries
Marimba
-African origins; adopted by indigenous communities -3 types (Guatamala): --Marimba de tecomates --Marimba sencilla --Marimba doble focus instrument in some of these areas of Mexico & Guatemala 3 types (Guatemala) Marimba de te.... Marimba sencilla (single row marimba, spans larger number of octaves, usually more than one play on each instrument) Marimba doble (double. 2 rows) Played video
Cumbia
-Afro-Colombian music & dance popular musical style, found throughout Latin America. Popular in Caribbean too. Flutes (Gaitas- longer flutes, vertical), African drumming, vocals- mainly in Spanish, melodic forms/harmonies of European heritage. Extremely large maracas. 3 drums found in the group- 1: calling drum, 2: tambore allegre- improvises, 3: tambore- bass drum instrument **study this group for the exam (Los Caros de canticeno?)
Indigenous Music- Peru and the Andes Musical tendencies
-dense, high-pitched sounds -paired musical structures
Afro-Venezuelan drums
1. Mina 2. Culo'e puya (or redondo drums) Drumming has remained large part of the celebrations Mina (usually played by multiple people) Culo'e puya (trio of thin cylindrical drums)
Introdruction Mexico
2nd largest Latin American country Large indigenous population; majority mestizo Political, social, and cultural relationship with United States Very diverse Still sizeable indigenous population Large part of population is mestizo (indigenous & Spanish combo)
"Gaita de los flores"+
?Colombia & Venezuela *Lucho Bermudez --Listening Guide 4.5, p. 147 (Gaita of the Flowers) *gaita Gaita- referring to the flutes A lot of horns. The way they play is representative of the gaita flutes
Ana Tijoux
A French-Chilean musician Hip-hop, rap 1997-2006: Makiza 2001: first solo track "Santiago Penando Estas" "Vengo" "1977"
Los Gaiteros del San Jacinto ** know them
Active since 1940 Colombian traditional folkloric cumbia group Music combines a mixture of the Colombian, Indigenous, Spanish and Afro-Colombian heritage Won a Latin Grammy Award in Folkloric Music in 2007 Have incorporated new generations of musicians Columbia cumbia group Dance oriented music Los Gaiteros part of name references Gaito flute Played Gaita flutes, nasal higher singer style Drums- african influenced All influences really come together in this group Played Fuego de cumbia *** (says name at beginning. This will be on quiz)
Venezuela
Barlovento -Strongest African musical heritage -Annual celebrations of San Juan Afro-Venezuelan drums 1. Mina 2. Culo'e puya (or redondo drums) Grupo Mina -"Sueños de Guillermo" --Listening Guide 4.9 (p. 167) Afro-Venezuelan population Oil wealth there Wide economic gaps Things have changed since the book was written (Chavez no longer alive) Tambore Popular style Salsa was also very popular
Tony Succar
Born in Lima, Peru on May 18, 1986 Born into a family of Musicians Performs many professional roles including bandleader, percussionist, musician, producer, composer, and arranger He is the president of his entertainment company called Mixtura Productions Created The UNITY Project
Lila Downs
Born in September 1968 in Mexico American-Mexican singer-songwriter and actress Famous for her use of Mexican indigenous elements At first did Latin-American Jazz but switched to a folkloric style Traveled with the band the Grateful Dead From Mexico Indigenous elements of her music- what she's famous for Played Border Played La Bamba Reembracing all of the influences she's experienced
Ruben Blades
Born on July 16, 1948 in Panama City, Panama Actor, singer, songwriter, activist, politician Performs salsa, Latin jazz, Latin pop, world music He has prominent roles in many US films Blades holds 8 Grammy Awards and 5 Latin Grammy Awards Before becoming the icon he is today, Blades started out as a vocalist performing in other musical groups, such as Los Salvajes Del Ritmo From Panama, very popular Won 8 Grammys in US, and 8 in Latin America Also actor, activist Played Decisiones- Ruben Blades
Los Llanos
Colombia and Venezuela Bi-national region -Llaneros: mixture of European, African, indigenous -Associated with Venezuelan nationalism Música llanera -Joropo llanero -4-string cuatro, arpa llanera, maracas, bass, w/ prominent vocals Reynaldo Armas: "El indio" -Listening Guide 4.7 (p. 156) The flats Region that connects the two countries
"El indio"+
Colombia and Venezuela Los Llanos (The Indian) *Reynaldo Armas -Listening Guide 4.7 (p. 156) *musica llanera
Musica llanera
Colombia and Venezuela Los Llanos -Joropo llanero -4-string cuatro, arpa llanera, maracas, bass, w/ prominent vocals Joropo llanero Ensemble features 4 string cuarto, arpa llanera, maracas, bass, w/ prominent vocals Usually in 6 or 12 beats Maraca playing is known for being really good Vocal competitions Joropo llanero Played example- Musica llanera- expertos manejando instrumentos Maracas solo
Traditional Music Colombia & Venezuela
Cumbia -Afro-Colombian music & dance conjunto de gaitas -gaitas: Amerindian flutes Los Gaiteros de San Jacinto -"Fuego de cumbia" --Listening Guide 4.4, p. 145
Nueva cancion
Emphasis on Chile -Violeta Parra --"Gracias a la vida" -movement; fusion of folk styles with leftist political sentiments -conspicuously incorporated Andean instruments & influences Victor Jara -"Plegaria a un labrador" -features Quilapayún --Listening Guide 8.6 (p. 360)
Criollo & Afro-Peruvian Music
Emphasis on Lima -jaranas Vals -sung version of the European dance-form -tundete: onomatopoeic guitar style -cajón: wooden box drum -Innovators were Afro-Peruvian; shunned by criollos Chabuca Granda (1920-83) -"Flor de la canela" --Listening Guide 8.4 (p. 350)
Colombia & Venezuela
Focal regions -Atlantic/Caribbean -Los Llanos (the "flats") 5 different regions Pacific coast region, coastal region, Andes, Amazonian (Colombia in particular), Llanos
Banda Jerez
Formed in late 1980s in Jerez de Garcia Salinas, Zacatecas, Mexico Banda: Ranchera Lead by Marco Antonio Flores Heavy instrumentation: charchetas, tambora, tarola, tuba, trumpets, trombones, clarinets Marco kidnapped in 2012 Banda Jerez - Los Viejitos Formed in the 1980s Banda group Perform rancheras, rework them and cover them One of them was kidnapped, until family payed ransom Sued for appropriating a culture in one of their songs Played Banda Jerez- Los Viejitos
Peru Negro
Founded in 1969 by Ronaldo Campos de la Colina in Lima, Peru Afro-Peruvian ensemble created to celebrate Peru's black culture Música Criolla Music and Dancing Ensemble
Cafe Tacvba
Founded in 1989 from Ciudad Satélite, Mexico Rubén Albarrán- Vocals, Emmanuel del Real- Keyboards Enrique Rangel- Bass , Joselo Rangel- Guitar Formerly named Café Tacuba, but changed to avoid legal issues Mainly Influenced by alternative rock bands, wanted to incorporate more Mexican culture Biggest hit "Eres", won grammy award- Mejor Canción de Rock 2004 https://youtu.be/98Akpf1ph2o Pop sounding music, in Spanish
Taquile
Indigenous Music- Peru and the Andes - Festival de Santiago Friendly competition in the area Festival de Santiago
Charango
Indigenous Music- Peru and the Andes -mandolin-like instrument -European/Andean hybrid
Sikuri
Indigenous Music- Peru and the Andes -panpipe (siku) music -community practice -restricted to festival performances music and dance associated with panpipes (sikus) Community based musical practice In pairs, rely a lot on one another 10 to 15 pairs, so 20 to 30 people playing sikus
"Huistan (Fiesta de San Miguel)"+
Indigenous Traditions *Mexico -Listening Guide 3.1 (p. 83)
Indigenous Traditions Mexico
Largest concentration in Southern States -Oaxaca, Chiapas, Mexico City Social significance: entertainment and ritual Adaptation of European-derived instruments; emphasis on instrumental music Totonac voladores Huistan Fiesta de San Miguel -Listening Guide 3.1 (p. 83) Emphasis usually on instrumental music Usually related to dance or cultural reenactment Played BBC News (guys are "flying", spinning around and playing) Played
Bolero
Latin American form; developed in Cuba -Remains popular today Bittersweet lyrics, themes of lost, unfulfilled, or idealized love Agustín Lara -Fusion with jazz & other American song styles -"Solamente una vez" --Listening Guide 3.6 (p. 104) --Characteristic Mexican vocal trio style Developed in Cuba Became popular in Mexico Generally slower tunes, but have a lot more rhythm Usually bittersweet lyrics- lost, unfulfilled love Agustin Lara One of the most popular artists of this style Fused it with other types of music from the states (jazz)
Malpais
Malpaís formed in 1999 Name has several meanings Members: David Coto, Jaime Gamboa, Gilberto Jarquín, Manuel Obregón, Ivan Rodríguez, Daniela Rodríguez and Carlos Vargas First album "Uno" (2002) "Boceto Para Esperanza" Songs range from Central American folklore to fusion jazz Exemplify the "new sound" of Costa Rica References of Costa Rica From Costa Rica Name means barren, but it's also the name of a beautiful beach there Played Boceto Para Esperanza
"El son de la negra"+
Mariachi Music *Mexico (The Tune of the Dark Woman) *Son jaliscience (genre) --Listening Guide 3.4 (p. 97) Mariachi Vargas De Tecalitlan
Carlos Chavez
Mexico (1899-1978) Composer & conductor -Founded Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional Compositional style -Experimental & abstract -Fond of indigenous instruments & themes Sinfonia india (1935) -One-movement, 5 sections -Expanded percussion w/ indigenous instruments -Quotes melodies of Cora & Seri tribes -Listening Guide 3.9 (p. 118) (1899-1978) Indigenous Mexican percussion instruments Played Sinfonia india
Mariachi Music
Mexico Developed in Jalisco in 19th century -Bridged rural & urban cultures after Mexican Revolution Instrumentation -Violins, guitar, vihuela, harp -Modern additions are guitarron & trumpets Son jaliscience -"El son de la negra" --Listening Guide 3.4 (p. 97) Música ranchera -Dominant genre; emphasis on emotional singing -José Alfredo Jimenez: "El hijo del pueblo" -"¡Ay! Jalisco no te rajes" --Listening Guide 3.5 (p. 101) Most globally well known type of music from Mexico Featured part of films, even some musicals Appealed to both rural poor and more modern elite classes Adopted as symbol of Mexican nationalism 5 string variant of the guitar- vihuela Modern additions include trumpets Most of the harmonies tend to be very simple Syncopated guitar lines Prominent genre- Son jaliscience (another variant of son) Really known for syncopated guitar beats
Musica ranchera
Mexico Dominant genre; emphasis on emotional singing José Alfredo Jimenez: "El hijo del pueblo" "¡Ay! Jalisco no te rajes" -Listening Guide 3.5 (p. 101) Emphasis focused more on emotional singing style (love, loss, nostalgia, etc.) Jose Alfredo Jimenez- one of the most popular artists in this style Songs reflect the experience of normal people "el hijo del pueblo" Played it "Ay Jalisco no te rajes" (**** won't be on exam)
"El hijo del pueblo" ??
Mexico Musica ranchera José Alfredo Jimenez one of the most popular artists in this style Songs reflect the experience of normal people
"¡Ay! Jalisco no te rajes"+ (**** won't be on exam)
Mexico Música ranchera Esperon Listening Guide 3.5 (p. 101) (Jalisco, Don't Back Down!) Jorge Negrete + mariachi ensemble (**** won't be on exam)
Wind Bands
Mexico Popular since mid-19th century -Developed from military & municipal traditions Prominent in northwestern regions -Sinolao, Zacatecas, & Durango Repertoire and style -European & Mexican repertoire -Primarily dance music -Strong brassy sound is common Popular since mid 19th cen Grew out of military traditions These groups have thrived, a lot of them are still regional in nature Most share common repertoire- perform dance music All feature strong brass sound
Nicaraguan baile de La marimba
Musical Ensemble -marimba de arco -accompanied by guitar & guitarilla Performance Context -couples dance -private parties or public religious celebrations/processions "El Sapo" (The Toad) -Listening Guide 4.1 (p. 132) Usually has a happy feel 1 guitar, 1 guitarilla Dance usually performed by couples Public dances- seen as very serious religious commitments Played video with the dance Larger the celebrations get, more instrumentation expands
Popular Music Colombia & Venezuela Overview
Música tropical -popularity of urban brass/woodwind bands -bambuco Lucho Bermudez -"Gaita de los flores" --Listening Guide 4.5, p. 147 Vallenato -music & dance of the rural northeast Ensemble: -button accordion, caja, guacharaca, & bass "Cadenas" (Chains) -Rosendo Romero Ospinas (composer) -Listening Guide 4.6 (p. 150) Bambuco from the interior of Colombia Musica Tropical Lucho Bermudez One of the most successful orchestra band leaders of this time "Gaita de los flores" Gaita- referring to the flutes A lot of horns. The way they play is representative of the gaita flutes Played it
Ayacucho region
Peru and the Andes -Guitar is dominant -bordón - syncopated bass line
The Commercial Wayno Musical Evolution
Peru and the Andes -National recording industry (1950s) -Emphasis shifts from group to soloist -wayno dominated repertoire
Mestizo
Peru and the Andes -Race vs. social position -Middle-class race and cultural hybrid
Wayno
Peru and the Andes -Spanish colonial era couples dance -Variations based on class distinctions Bordon- syncopated bass line Style most associated with this is Wayno Longing for Ayacucho
Contemporary wayno
Peru and the Andes -música ayacuchana -wayno con arpa --Dina Paucar Wayno kind of died out in the 80s, but then came back. New artists wanted to incorporate more pop sounds Wayno con arpa (harp wayno) Played example
The Commercial Wayno Overview
Peru and the Andes 1940-60s: shift from rural to urban -Andean highlands to Lima Musical Evolution -National recording industry (1950s) -Emphasis shifts from group to soloist -wayno dominated repertoire "Neblina blanca" (White Fog) -Listening Guide 8.5 (p. 354) -chuscada: regional variant (Ancash) Contemporary wayno -música ayacuchana -wayno con arpa --Dina Paucar People were migrating from the Andean highlands to coastal areas like Lima In the moves, always brought music. Way to build communities Nostalgia. People longing for what they have lost Radio broadcasts became a thing. People in outside areas would know what music was going on in cities and other areas Singers- would adopt folksy name referencing area of highlands Groups got larger, added more instruments
Afro-Ecuadorian Tradition
Peru and the Andes Afro-Andean population -Yunga Valley (Bolivia) -Peruvian coastal region Esmeraldas Province -largest Afro-Andean population Marimba ensembles -Hispanic elements & pan-African character -cununos, bombo, guasás -call & response
Marimba ensembles
Peru and the Andes Afro-Ecuadorian Tradition -Hispanic elements & pan-African character -cununos, bombo, guasás -call & response
Vals
Peru and the Andes Criollo & Afro-Peruvian Music -sung version of the European dance-form -tundete: onomatopoeic guitar style -cajón: wooden box drum -Innovators were Afro-Peruvian; shunned by criollos
Mestizo Musical Practices
Peru and the Andes Mestizo -Race vs. social position -Middle-class Ayacucho region -Guitar is dominant -bordón - syncopated bass line Wayno -Spanish colonial era couples dance -Variations based on class distinctions "Adiós pueblo de Ayacucho" -Composed 1900, reflected longing based on migration to coastal areas -Manuelcha Prado and Carlos Falconí -- Listening Guide 8.3 (pp. 342-43) Mestizo- race and cultural hybrid Bordon- syncopated bass line Style most associated with this is Wayno Longing for Ayacucho "Adios pueblo de Ayacucho" In book, for exam (not on spotify though) It's a Wayno First line of lyrics = name of song Hints for exams- name of song is often said in the lyrics (a lot of times in the first line), he sometimes puts the names or info for listening examples in other parts of the exam, he'll sometimes have hints for a question in a question before it, etc.
"La rosa de los vientos"+
Popular Music *Panama -Rómulo Castro y Grupo Tuira --Afro-Panamanian drumming (*he included this song on the playlist being performed by someone else) (Ruben Blades in Spotify) Lyrics reflect on US invasion of Panama Version in the class- Castro and his band
"Africa" ??
Popular Music Central America Punta -Garifuná (or Garinagu) -Aurelio Martinez (punta rock) Aurelio Martinez- mixing it with other styles (international styles)
Vallento
Popular Music Colombia & Venezuela -music & dance of the rural northeast Means born in the valley Emerged in rural northeastern areas Same time as Musica Tropical Initial popularity was limited Button accordion, caja, guacharaca originally, then started adding bass, etc. Rise sort of paralleled marijuana growth in this time "Cadenas" (Chains) One of the most important songs in growing the popularity of Vallento Nostalgia Played it (doesn't feel sad if you just listen & don't know what the lyrics are saying)
Musica tropical
Popular Music Colombia & Venezuela -popularity of urban brass/woodwind bands -bambuco
Popular Music Colombia & Venezuela Ensemble
Popular Music Colombia & Venezuela button accordion, caja, guacharaca, & bass
Indigenous Music- Peru and the Andes Overview
Practices pre-date colonial rule Musical tendencies -dense, high-pitched sounds -paired musical structures Sikuri -panpipe (siku) music -community practice -restricted to festival performances Taquile -Festival de Santiago Folklorization & Tourism -Globalization -Globalization & Regionalism Charango -mandolin-like instrument -European/Andean hybrid Widespread preference for high pitch, dense sound Sikuri- music and dance associated with panpipes (sikus) Community based musical practice In pairs, rely a lot on one another 10 to 15 pairs, so 20 to 30 people playing sikus Book focuses on area called Taquile Friendly competition in the area Festival de Santiago Played example Tourism aspect now Played Festival de Santiago (1988) Folklorization & tourism Not always a corruption, sometimes the people do it themselves Globalization (looking to make money outside of the instruments or musical forms origination- a lot of times mixing it with other styles) Played Roger Rodriguez
Popular Music Central America
Punta -Garifuná (or Garinagu) -Aurelio Martinez: "Africa" (punta rock) Panama -Rómulo Castro y Grupo Tuira -"La rosa de los vientos" --Afro-Panamanian drumming Punta music Vocals very important 2 drums: primero & secundo (1st and 2nd) Panama Was a Colombian province When building the Panama canal, labor was brought from places like Jamaica and Trinidad Romulo Castro
Central America Overview
Seven countries -Geographically small; ecologically diverse; high nation state density Historical & Geographical Significance -Pacific & Caribbean zones -U.S. influence Guatemala, Panama, Mexico ...... Pacific region & Caribbean region US has played a large role in putting in place military regimes in these areas to protect US interests (some have backfired on them)
Desorden Publico
Ska/Rock Band formed in Caracas, Venezuela Uses a mix of different genres including ska and reggae while heavily influenced by the 2 tone movement Uses music to comment on Latin American politics and society Tiembla - Desorden Público Formed in Caracas, Venezuela Uses a mix of different genres including sica and reggae while heavily influences by the 2 tone movement Uses music to comment on Latin American politics and society Ex. Tiembla- Desorden Publico
Traditional Music (Mexican Song)
Son jarocho -Veracruz -"La bruja" (The Witch) --Listening Guide 3.2 (p. 89-90) Corrido -Narrative ballad; popular since Mexican Revolution (1910s) -Simple melodies, guitar accompaniment -"El Siete Leguas" (Seven Leagues) --Listening Guide 3.3 (p. 92) Son At least a dozen types exist just in Mexico One type is Son Jaracho From Veracruz region Harocho, Harana, larger guitar like instrument, voice, etc. On raised wooden platform Carrido Narrative ballads about stuff Closely linked to border issue between Mexico and US Lyrics show empathy to oppressed individuals Melodies tend to be very simple (just acoustic guitar accompaniment, now sometimes more than that)
Los Tigres del Norte
Spanish for "Tiger of the North" Members: Jorge Hernández, Hernán Hernández, Eduardo Hernández, Luis Hernández, Óscar Lara Began in San Jose, CA in 1968 Genre of music: Norteño (mixture of polka and corridos) Their songs are mostly about real-world struggles such as life and love One of their most popular songs: La Puerta Negra (The Black Door) One of the most popular groups doing carridos now From Mexico, began in San Jose, CA Name is Spanish for "Tiger of the North" Songs about real world problems All family Replaced the usually poetic language of corridos with very straight forward words Chronicled the experiences of drug smugglers, now more about struggles of illegal immigrants and stuff Played La Puerta Negra Polka sort of feel
Traditional Music Central America Overview
The Maya -Chiapas (Mexico) & Guatamala Marimba -African origins; adopted by indigenous communities -3 types (Guatamala): --Marimba de tecomates --Marimba sencilla --Marimba doble Marimba Traditions (Video) Mayan civilization, still a lot of descendants in these areas Marimba-
conjunto de gaitas
Traditional Music Colombia & Venezuela -gaitas: Amerindian flutes
"El Siete Leguas"+
Traditional Music (Mexican Song) *Corrido -(Seven Leagues) --Listening Guide 3.3 (p. 92) *Graciela Olmos Composer is female (not as respected profession for a women at the time) About Poncho vea (revolution. & his horse) Pedro Infante *Mexico
Corrido
Traditional Music (Mexican Song) -Narrative ballad; popular since Mexican Revolution (1910s) -Simple melodies, guitar accompaniment -"El Siete Leguas" (Seven Leagues) --Listening Guide 3.3 (p. 92) Narrative ballads about stuff Closely linked to border issue between Mexico and US Lyrics show empathy to oppressed individuals Melodies tend to be very simple (just acoustic guitar accompaniment, now sometimes more than that) El Siete Leguas (Seven Leagues) This style still exists Sometimes carrido writers are called journalists
Son jarocho
Traditional Music (Mexican Song) -Veracruz -"La bruja" (The Witch) --Listening Guide 3.2 (p. 89-90) From Veracruz region Harocho, Harana, larger guitar like instrument, voice, etc. On raised wooden platform Played La broja (The Witch)
"La bruja"+
Traditional Music (Mexican Song) -Veracruz -(The Witch) --Listening Guide 3.2 (p. 89-90) *Son jarocho *Jose Gutierrez y Los Hermanos Ochoa Women dancers sometimes balance candles on their heads (beautiful & captivating women catching men's attention) Rhythm shows European connection (waltz form) Older instruments (european) being transformed in some way (tuning sounds off) *Mexico
Barlovento
Venezuela -Strongest African musical heritage -Annual celebrations of San Juan Strong African heritage and African musical heritage
El Sistema
Video Contribution to classical music from Venezuela Network of youth orchestras, generally based in working class communities Idea of bringing European & classical music to lower income areas- try to get them off the streets, involved in something Has grown a lot (due to youtube, social media, etc.) Criticism- that the music focus isn't on their own region, but on European and classical music Played video
bordón
syncopated bass line Style most associated with this is Wayno
The Andes
world's longest continental mountain range - extends across 7 countries significant indigenous heritage- Quechua & Aymara, Incan influence Peru Common stereotype view Huge range of area Impact of modern indigenous presence Incans impact- they were religiously tolerant Spanish took advantage of previously existing Incan infrastructure. So not as many of the indigenous groups were wiped out. Also didn't see the advantages of moving into certain areas
