Med Surg Test 2 Prep U

During a class on stroke, a junior nursing student asks what the clinical manifestations of stroke are. What would be the instructor's best answer?

"Clinical manifestations of a stroke depend on the area of the cortex, the affected hemisphere, the degree of blockage, and the availability of collateral circulation."

A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. The nurse knows that antihypertensive drugs commonly cause fatigue and dizziness, especially on rising. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include?

"Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly."

The nurse and a dietitian are instructing the client on a low-sodium diet needed to lower the blood pressure. Which question, asked by the nurse, is most important?

"How do you prepare your food?"

A nurse working in the clinic is seeing a client who has just been prescribed a new medication for hypertension. The client asks why hypertension is sometimes called the "silent killer." The nurse's correct response is which of the following?

"Hypertension often causes no symptoms."

The nurse is preparing to perform chest physiotherapy (CPT) on a patient. Which of the following patient statements would indicate the procedure is contraindicated.

"I just finished eating my lunch, I'm ready for my CPT now."

A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. Which of the following will the nurse be sure to emphasize?

"Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure."

A 42-year-old female client is scheduled for endotracheal intubation prior to her surgery. Which of the following can the nurse instruct this client?

"The ET tube will maintain your airway while you're under anesthesia."

A client recently experienced a stroke with accompanying left-sided paralysis. His family voices concerns about how to best interact with him. They report the client doesn't seem aware of their presence when they approach him on his left side. What advice should the nurse give the family?

"The client is unaware of his left side. You should approach him on the right side."

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cor pulmonale is being prepared for discharge. The nurse should provide which instruction?

"Weigh yourself daily and report a gain of 2 lb in 1 day."

The client with a cerebral aneurysm asks the nurse, "What's the big fuss over a headache?" Which is the best response from the nurse regarding to a cerebral aneurysm?

"Your physician wants to evaluate the location and condition of the aneurysm."

A patient is in the acute phase of an ischemic stroke. How long does the nurse know that this phase may last?

1 to 3 days

Officially, hypertension is diagnosed when the patient demonstrates a systolic blood pressure greater than ______ mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure greater than _____ mm Hg over a sustained period.

140, 90

A 154-pound woman has been prescribed tPA (0.9 mg/kg) for an ischemic stroke. The nurse knows to give how many mg initially?

6.3 mg

Which of the following client scenarios would be correct for the nurse to identify as a client with secondary hypertension?

A client diagnosed with kidney disease

What dietary recommendations should a nurse provide a patient with a lung abscess (pleural effusion)?

A diet rich in protein

Emphysema is described by which of the following statements?

A disease of the airways characterized by destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli

A nurse is administering a purified protein derivative (PPD) test to a client. Which statement concerning PPD testing is true?

A positive reaction indicates that the client has been exposed to the disease.

You are caring for a client who is in respiratory distress. The physician orders arterial blood gases (ABGs) to determine various factors related to blood oxygenation. What site can ABGs be obtained from?

A puncture at the radial artery

Which of the following is accurate regarding status asthmaticus?

A severe asthma episode that is refractory to initial therapy

A patient had a carotid endarterectomy yesterday and when the nurse arrived in the room to perform an assessment, the patient states, "All of a sudden, I am having trouble moving my right side." What concern should the nurse have about this complaint?

A thrombus formation at the site of the endarterectomy

On auscultation, which finding suggests a right pneumothorax?

Absence of breath sounds in the right thorax

Your client is scheduled for a bronchoscopy to visualize the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. What precautions would you recommend to the client before the procedure?

Abstain from food for at least 6 hours before the procedure.

You are an ICU nurse caring for a client who was admitted with a diagnosis of smoke inhalation. You know that this client is at increased risk for which of the following?

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

A client with newly diagnosed hypertension asks what she can do to decrease the risk for related cardiovascular problems. Which of the following risk factors is not modifiable by the client?

Age

Which of the following terms refer to the failure to recognize familiar objects perceived by the senses?

Agnosia

A client with a history of atrial fibrillation has experienced a TIA. In an effort to reduce the risk of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), the nurse anticipates the medical treatment to include which of the following?

Anticoagulant therapy

The nurse is taking care of a client with a headache. In addition to administering medications, the nurse takes measures to assist the client in reducing the pain associated with his headache. Which of the following appropriate nursing interventions may be provided by the nurse to assist this client in reducing or eliminating his pain?

Apply warm or cool cloths to the forehead or back of the neck.

Which of the following is a potential complication of a low pressure in the ET cuff?

Aspiration pneumonia

The nurse is admitting an older adult to the hospital. The echocardiogram report revealed a left ventricular enlargement. The nurse notes 2+ pitting edema in the ankles when getting the patient out of bed. What should the nurse do FIRST?

Assess respiratory status

The nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent hemoptysis who has undergone a bronchoscopy. Immediately following the procedure, the nurse should complete which of the following?

Assess the patient for a cough reflex

A nurse is preparing a client with a pleural effusion for a thoracentesis. The nurse should:

Assist the client to a sitting position on the edge of the bed, leaning over the bedside table.

The nurse should be alert for a complication of bronchiectasis that results from a combination of retained secretions and obstruction that leads to the collapse of alveoli. This complication is known as

Atelectasis

For a client with an endotracheal (ET) tube, which nursing action is the most important?

Auscultating the lungs for bilateral breath sounds

A nurse prepares to perform postural drainage. How should the nurse ascertain the best position to facilitate clearing the lungs?

Auscultation

The nurse inspects the thorax of a patient with advanced emphysema. What does the nurse expect the chest configuration to be for this patient?

Barrel chest

Before weaning a client from a ventilator, which assessment parameter is the most important for the nurse to obtain?

Baseline arterial blood gas (ABG) levels

If concern exists about fluid accumulation in a client's lungs, what area of the lungs will the nurse focus on during assessment?

Bilateral lower lobes

A 73-year-old client is visiting the neurologist. The client reports light-headedness, speech disturbance, and left-sided weakness that have lasted for several hours. In the examination, an abnormal sound is auscultated in an artery leading to the brain. What is the term for the auscultated discovery?

Bruit

A nurse is assigned to care for a client with a tracheostomy tube. How can the nurse communicate with this client?

By supplying a magic slate or similar device

A patient presents to the emergency room with complaints of having an "exploding headache" for the last 2 hours. The patient is immediately seen by a triage nurse who suspects the patient is experiencing a stroke. Which of the following is a possible cause based on the characteristic symptom?

Cerebral aneurysm

A client is on a positive-pressure ventilator with a synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) setting. The ventilator is set for 8 breaths per minute. The client is taking 6 breaths per minute independently. The nurse

Continues assessing the client's respiratory status frequently

The nurse is assessing the lungs of a patient diagnosed with pulmonary edema. Which of the following would be expected upon auscultation?

Crackles at lung bases

Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia?

Cyanosis

Which of the following ventilation-perfusion ratios is exhibited when a patient is diagnosed with pulmonary emboli?

Dead space

Which of the following is an age-related change associated with the respiratory system?

Decreased size of the airway

A recent immigrant is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which intervention is the most important for the nurse to implement with this client?

Developing a list of people with whom the client has had contact

The nurse enters the room of a client who is being monitored with pulse oximetry. Which of the following factors may alter the oximetry results?

Diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease

The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and moderate carotid stenosis who has undergone a carotid endarterectomy. Which of the following postoperative findings would cause the nurse the most concern?

Difficulty swallowing

Which of the following are characteristics of arterial insufficiency?

Diminished or absent pulses

You are doing the final checklist before sending home a 63-year-old female who has been newly diagnosed with hypertension. She is going to be starting her first antihypertensive medicine. What is one of the main things you should tell her and her husband to watch for?

Dizziness

A patient is admitted to the hospital with pulmonary arterial hypertension. What assessment finding by the nurse is a significant finding for this patient?

Dyspnea

Which diagnostic is the recommended method of determining whether left ventricular hypertrophy has occurred?

Echocardiogram

A junior-level nursing class has just finished learning about the management of clients with chronic pulmonary diseases. They learned that a new definition of COPD leaves only one disorder within its classification. Which of the following is that disorder?

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis only

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with empyema. Which of the following interventions does a nurse implement for patients with empyema?

Encourage breathing exercises.

A patient is being educated in the use of incentive spirometry prior to having a surgical procedure. What should the nurse be sure to include in the education?

Encourage the patient to take approximately 10 breaths per hour, while awake.

A nurse is teaching about lifestyle modifications to a group of clients with known hypertension. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in the education session?

Engage in aerobic activity at least 30 minutes/day most days of the week.

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention that the nurse should perform for a patient who has undergone surgery for a nasal obstruction?

Ensure mouth breathing

The maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal inhalation?

Expiratory reserve volume

Which of the following exposures accounts for the majority of cases with regard to risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Exposure to tobacco smoke

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. Why should the nurse always encourage a client with tuberculosis to perform active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises three times a day?

For maintaining muscle strength

A patient has been diagnosed as having global aphasia. The nurse recognizes that the patient will be unable to do which of the following actions?

Form understandable words and comprehend the spoken word

A client, newly prescribed a low-sodium diet due to hypertension, is asking for help with meal choices. The client provides four meal choices, which are favorites. Which selection would be best?

Green pepper stuffed with diced tomatoes and chicken

Target organ damage from untreated/undertreated hypertension includes which of the following?

Heart failure, Retinal damage, Stroke

Which of the following is the most common motor dysfunction seen in patients diagnosed with stroke?

Hemiplegia

A client undergoes cerebral angiography for evaluation after an intracranial computed tomography scan revealed a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Afterward, the nurse checks frequently for signs and symptoms of complications associated with this procedure. Which findings indicate spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot?

Hemiplegia, seizures, and decreased level of consciousness (LOC)

A nurse consulting with a nutrition specialist knows it's important to consider a special diet for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which diet is appropriate for this client?

High-protein

The nurse is educating the patient in the use of a mini-nebulizer. What should the nurse encourage the patient to do? (Select all that apply.)

Hold the breath at the end of inspiration for a few seconds, Cough frequently, Frequently evaluate progress.

A client who underwent total hip replacement exhibits a red, painful area on the calf of the affected leg. What test validates presence of thromboembolism?

Homans'

Which of the following terms refers to blindness in the right or left halves of the visual fields of both eyes?

Homonymous hemianopsia

When caring for a client with acute respiratory failure, the nurse should expect to focus on resolving which set of problems?

Hypercapnia, hypoventilation, and hypoxemia

The nurse practitioner advises a patient who is at high risk for a stroke to be vigilant in his medication regime, to maintain a healthy weight, and to adopt a reasonable exercise program. This advice is based on research data that shows the most important risk factor for stroke is:

Hypertension

Which of the following describes a situation in which the blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual or probable target organ damage?

Hypertensive emergency

A patient arrives at the clinic for a follow-up visit for treatment of hypertension. The nurse obtains a blood pressure reading of 180/110 but finds no evidence of impending or progressive organ damage when performing the assessment on the patient. What situation does the nurse understand this patient is experiencing?

Hypertensive urgency

The nurse understands that patient education related to antihypertensive medication should include all of the following instructions except which of the following?

If a dosage of medication is missed, double up on the next one to catch up.

A nurse is caring for a client with chest trauma. Which nursing diagnosis takes the highest priority?

Impaired gas exchange

A nurse is concerned that a client may develop postoperative atelectasis. Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate if this complication occurs?

Impaired gas exchange

A patient with bronchiectasis is admitted to the nursing unit. The primary focus of nursing care for this patient includes which of the following?

Implementing measures to clear pulmonary secretions

A client is receiving an I.V. infusion of mannitol (Osmitrol) after undergoing intracranial surgery to remove a brain tumor. To determine whether this drug is producing its therapeutic effect, the nurse should consider which finding most significant?

Increased urine output

Which of the following nursing diagnosis is the nurse most correct to choose when caring for a client with long-standing hypertension?

Ineffective Tissue Perfusion

You are caring for a client admitted with a stroke. Imaging studies indicate an embolus partially obstructing the right carotid artery. What type of stroke do you know this client has?

Ischemic

What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

It contracts and flattens.

A client suffers acute respiratory distress syndrome as a consequence of shock. The client's condition deteriorates rapidly, and endotracheal (ET) intubation and mechanical ventilation are initiated. When the high-pressure alarm on the mechanical ventilator sounds, the nurse starts to check for the cause. Which condition triggers the high-pressure alarm?

Kinking of the ventilator tubing

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of hypertension emergency/crisis. The patient's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV Nitropress (nitroprusside). Upon assessment, which of the following patient findings requires immediate intervention by the nurse?

Left arm numbness and weakness

Two days after undergoing a total abdominal hysterectomy, a client complains of left calf pain. Venography reveals deep vein thrombosis (DVT). When assessing this client, the nurse is likely to detect:

Left calf circumference 1" (2.5 cm) larger than the right.

What clinical manifestations does the nurse recognize when a patient has had a right hemispheric stroke?

Left visual field deficit

A client has experienced an ischemic stroke that has damaged the frontal lobe of his brain. Which of the following deficits does the nurse expect to observe during assessment?

Limited attention span and forgetfulness

Which of the following is accurate regarding a hemorrhagic stroke?

Main presenting symptom is an "exploding headache."

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a hemorrhagic stroke. The nurse recognizes that which of the following interventions is most important?

Maintaining a patent airway

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is intubated and placed on continuous mechanical ventilation. Which equipment is most important for the nurse to keep at this client's bedside?

Manual resuscitation bag

For a client who has a chest tube connected to a closed water-seal drainage system, the nurse should include which action in the care plan?

Measuring and documenting the drainage in the collection chamber

You are caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with lung cancer. What is a cardinal sign of lung cancer?

Mucopurulent sputum

Upon palpation of the sinus area, what would the nurse identify as a normal finding?

No sensation during palpation

A patient is suspected of having had a stroke. Which of the following is the initial diagnostic test for a stroke?

Noncontrast CT scan

A patient is brought to the emergency department with a possible stroke. What initial diagnostic test for a stroke, usually performed in the emergency department, would the nurse prepare the patient for?

Noncontrast computed tomogram (CT scan)

An 87-year-old client was just recently diagnosed with prehypertension. She is to meet with a dietitian and return for a follow-up with her cardiologist in 6 months. As her nurse, what would you expect her treatment to include?

Nonpharmacological interventions

A nurse is assessing a client's right lower leg, which is wrapped with an elastic bandage. Which signs and symptoms suggest circulatory impairment?

Numbness, cool skin temperature, and pallor

Papilledema (edema of optic nerve) is a fairly common symptom of elevated blood pressure. The best way to detect this condition is through:

Ophthalmic examination

The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient with congestive heart failure. The nurse asks if the patient has difficulty breathing in any position other than upright. What is the nurse referring to?

Orthopnea

When assessing a client, which adaptation indicates the presence of respiratory distress?

Orthopnea

Which of the following terms will the nurse use to document the inability of a patient to breathe easily unless positioned upright?

Orthopnea

A client is being seen in the emergency department for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The first action of the nurse is to administer which of the following prescribed treatments?

Oxygen through nasal cannula at 2 L/minute

You are assessing a client's potential for pulmonary emboli. What finding indicates possible deep vein thrombosis?

Pain in the calf

A patient admitted to the hospital following a motor vehicle crash has suffered a flail chest. A nurse assesses the patient for what most common clinical manifestation of flail chest?

Paradoxical chest movement

A patient has had a laryngectomy and was able to retain his airway, with no difficulty swallowing. There is no split of thyroid cartilage. The nurse would record this type of laryngectomy as which of the following?

Partial laryngectomy

A client is receiving supplemental oxygen. When determining the effectiveness of oxygen therapy, which arterial blood gas value is most important?

Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2)

A client has been diagnosed with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Which of the following instructions is appropriate for the nurse to give the client for promoting circulation to the extremities?

Participate in a regular walking program.

Which of the following would not be a recommended intervention for a patient with dysphagia?

Place food on the affected side of mouth

The nurse is caring for a patient with dysphagia. Which of the following interventions would be contraindicated while caring for this patient?

Placing food on the affected side of mouth

A physician stated to the nurse that the patient has fluid noted in the pleural space and will need a thoracentesis. The nurse would expect that the physician will document this fluid as which of the following?

Pleural effusion

The nurse auscultates the lung sounds of a patient during a routine assessment. The sounds produced are harsh and cracking, sounding like two pieces of leather being rubbed together. The nurse would be correct in documenting this finding as which of the following?

Pleural friction rub

A systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg would be classified as which of the following?

Prehypertension

A nurse is planning care for a client who experienced a stroke in the right hemisphere of his brain. What should the nurse do?

Provide close supervision because of the client's impulsiveness and poor judgment.

The nurse is providing diet-related advice to a male patient following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The patient wants to minimize the volume of food and yet meet all nutritional elements. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse give to the patient about controlling the volume of food intake?

Provide thickened commercial beverages and fortified cooked cereals.

A client presents to a physician's office complaining of dyspnea with exertion, weakness, and coughing up blood. Further examination reveals peripheral edema, crackles, and jugular vein distention. The nurse anticipates the physician will make which diagnosis?

Pulmonary hypertension

A client is admitted to the health care facility with active tuberculosis (TB). The nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?

Putting on an individually fitted mask when entering the client's room

A patient is brought to the emergency department with complaints of a bad headache and an increase in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading obtained by the nurse is 260/180 mm Hg. What is the therapeutic goal for reduction of the mean blood pressure?

Reduce the blood pressure by 20% to 25% within the first hour of treatment.

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) therapy has which effect on the heart?

Reduced cardiac output

The geriatric advanced practice nurse (APN) is doing client teaching with a client who has had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and the client's family. One concern the APN addresses is a potential for falls related to the CVA and resulting muscle weakness. What would be most important for the APN to include in teaching of the client and family related to this concern?

Remove throw rugs and electrical cords from home environment.

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with secondary hypertension. Which of the following conditions contributes to the development of secondary hypertension?

Renal disease

The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration is the?

Residual volume

The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The client calls the doctor and states having difficulty breathing and overall feeling fatigued. The nurse realizes that this client is at high risk for which condition?

Respiratory acidosis

A client on your unit is scheduled to have intracranial surgery in the morning. You know which nursing intervention helps to avoid intraoperative complications, reduce cerebral edema, and prevent postoperative vomiting?

Restrict fluids before surgery.

The nurse practitioner is able to correlate a patient's neurologic deficits with the location in the brain affected by ischemia or hemorrhage. For a patient with a left hemispheric stroke, the nurse would expect to see:

Right-sided paralysis.

A client, newly admitted to the nursing unit, has a primary diagnosis of renal failure. When assessing the client, the nurse notes a blood pressure (BP) of 180/100. The nurse knows that this is what kind of hypertension?

Secondary

Hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed which of the following?

Secondary

Which of the following terms describes high blood pressure from an identified cause, such as renal disease?

Secondary hypertension

A nurse has pharyngitis and will be providing self care at home. It is most important for the nurse to

Seek medical help if he experiences inability to swallow

The nurse is caring for a patient having a hemorrhagic stroke. What position in the bed will the nurse maintain this patient?

Semi-Fowler's

A patient is exhibiting classic signs of a hemorrhagic stroke. What complaint from the patient would be an indicator of this type of stroke?

Severe headache

While providing information to a community group, the nurse tells them the primary initial symptoms of a hemorrhagic stroke are:

Severe headache and early change in level of consciousness

An emergency department nurse is interviewing a client with signs of an ischemic stroke that began 2 hours ago. The client reports that she had a cholecystectomy 6 weeks ago and is taking digoxin, coumadin, and labetelol. This client is not eligible for thrombolytic therapy for which of the following reasons?

She is taking coumadin.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is to undergo a thoracentesis. In preparation for the procedure, the nurse will position the patient in which of the following positions?

Sitting on the edge of the bed

A nurse is providing instructions for the client with chronic rhinosinusitis. The nurse accurately tells the client:

Sleep with the head of bed elevated.

When developing a preventative plan of care for a patient at risk for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which of the following should be incorporated?

Smoking cessation

You are part of a group of nursing students who are making a presentation on chronic hypertension. What is one subject you would need to include in your presentation as a possible consequence of untreated chronic hypertension?

Stroke

A client with myasthenia gravis is receiving continuous mechanical ventilation. When the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator sounds, what should the nurse do?

Suction the client's artificial airway.

The nurse is admitting a client who just had a bronchoscopy. Which assessment should be the nurse's priority?

Swallow reflex

Which of the following postoperative instructions does a nurse provide a patient and family to avoid after a laryngeal surgery?

Swimming

The nurse is assisting a physician with an endotracheal intubation for a client in respiratory failure. It is most important for the nurse to assess for:

Symmetry of the client's chest expansion

The nurse is seeing a client for the first time and has just checked the client's blood pressure. For what value would the nurse consider the client prehypertensive?

Systolic BP is between 120 and 130 mm Hg

A nurse and physician are preparing to visit a hospitalized client with perepheral arterial disease. As you approach the client's room, the physician asks if the client has reported any intermittent claudication. The client has reported this symptom. The nurse explains to the physician which of the following details?

The client can walk about 50 feet before getting pain in the right lower leg.

A pregnant client who developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in her right leg is receiving heparin I.V. on the medical floor. Physical therapy is ordered to maintain her mobility and prevent additional DVT. A nursing assistant working on the medical unit helps the client with bathing, range-of-motion exercises, and personal care. Which collaborative multidisciplinary considerations should the care plan address?

The client is at risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; therefore, the care plan should include reporting evidence of bleeding or easy bruising.

A client who's paralyzed on the left side has been receiving physical therapy and attending teaching sessions about safety. Which behavior indicates that the client accurately understands safety measures related to paralysis?

The client uses a mirror to inspect the skin.

The client is returning from the operating room following a broncho scopy. Which action, performed by the nursing assistant, would the nurse stop if began prior to nursing assessment?

The nursing assistant is pouring a glass of water to wet the client's mouth.

The nurse observes a certified nursing assistant (CNA) obtaining a blood pressure reading with a cuff that is too small for the patient. The nurse informs the CNA that using a cuff that is too small can affect the reading results in what way?

The results will be falsely elevated.

A nurse observes constant bubbling in the water-seal chamber of a closed chest drainage system. What should the nurse conclude?

The system has an air leak.

A patient having an acute stroke with no other significant medical disorders has a blood glucose level of 420 mg/dL. What significance does the hyperglycemia have for this patient?

This is significant for poor neurologic outcomes.

Which of the following is the most common site for a dissecting aneurysm?

Thoracic area

An emergency department nurse is awaiting the arrival of a client with signs of an ischemic stroke that began 1 hour ago, as reported by emergency medical personnel. The treatment window for thrombolytic therapy is which of the following?

Three hours

A nurse is teaching a community class that those experiencing symptoms of ischemic stroke need to enter the medical system early. The primary reason for this is which of the following?

Thrombolytic therapy has a time window of only 3 hours.

A client with a suspected pulmonary disorder undergoes pulmonary function tests. To interpret test results accurately, the nurse must be familiar with the terminology used to describe pulmonary functions. Which term refers to the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during each respiratory cycle?

Tidal volume

The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath is termed which of the following?

Tidal volume

A patient diagnosed with an ischemic stroke should be treated within the first 3 hours of symptom onset with which of the following?

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)

Knowing respiratory physiology is important to understand how the disease process can work within that system. Which hollow tube transports air from the laryngeal pharynx to the bronchi?

Trachea

A client is hospitalized when they present to the Emergency Department with right-sided weakness. Within 6 hours of being admitted, the neurologic deficits had resolved and the client was back to their presymptomatic state. The nurse caring for the client knows that the probable cause of the neurologic deficit was what?

Transient ischemic attack

What are the symptoms a nurse should assess for in a patient with lymphedema as a result of impaired nutrition to the tissue?

Ulcers and infection in the edematous area

A patient is being treated for hypertensive emergency. When treating this patient, the priority goal is to lower the mean blood pressure (BP) by which percentage in the first hour?

Up to 25%

The nurse teaches the patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) to refrain from smoking because nicotine causes which of the following?

Vasospasm

What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?

Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract.

Which of the following is the most reliable and accurate method for delivering precise concentrations of oxygen through noninvasive means?

Venturi mask

The maximum volume of air exhaled from the point of maximum inspiration?

Vital capacity

The nurse caring for a patient with tuberculosis anticipates administering which vitamin with isoniazid (INH) to prevent INH-associated peripheral neuropathy?

Vitamin B6

After lobectomy for lung cancer, a client receives a chest tube connected to a disposable chest drainage system. The nurse observes that the drainage system is functioning correctly when she notes tidal movements or fluctuations in which compartment of the system as the client breathes?

Water-seal chamber

The nurse is providing information about strokes to a community group. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the primary initial symptoms of an ischemic stroke?

Weakness on one side of the body and difficulty with speech

The nurse is performing chest auscultation for a patient with asthma. How does the nurse describe the high-pitched, sibilant, musical sounds that are heard?

Wheezes

A nursing student knows that there are three most common symptoms of asthma.

Wheezing, Cough, Dyspnea

When caring for a client who has just had a total laryngectomy, the nurse should plan to:

develop an alternative communication method.