Medical Terminology CH. 11,12,13,14,15,18
An ICD is a:
Device implanted in the chest that can sense and correct arrhythmias
Carbon dioxide is:
Exhaled through the lungs
Straightening a limb is called:
Extension
Yellow marrow is composed chiefly of:
Fat
Bending a limb is:
Flexion
The abbreviation for non small cell lung cancer is:
NSCLC
This hormone prepares and maintains the uterus in pregnancy.
Progesterone
PFT is the abbreviation for:
Pulmonary function test
A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium is called the:
Pulmonary vein
Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin is:
Purpura
A person with Type A blood will have type __ red cell antigens.
A
Cystic fibrosis is:
A disorder that affects the mucous membranes of the respiratory system as well as the pancreas and the sweat glands
The laboratory test that detects neutropenia is:
ANC
The combining form stern/o means:
Breastbone
Granulocytes are formed in red bone marrow, or ________oid tissue.
myel
A person with Type O blood is a(n):
Universal donor
Masses of lymph tissue in the back of the oropharynx are the:
Tonsils
_____________ is a general term meaning disease of bone marrow with malignant WBCs filling the marrow and bloodstream.
Leukemia
The combining form lumb/o means:
Lower back
__________ are phagocytic granulocytes.
Neutrophils
A group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue is:
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
OSA is the abbreviation for:
Obstructive sleep apnea
The combining form tox/o means:
Poison
The medical term for a small artery is _________.
Arteriole
The combining form arter/o means:
Artery
A chronic, intermittent bronchial inflammatory disorder, also known as reactive airway disease, is:
Asthma
The medical term that means inflammation of the joint is:
Arthritis
________plasty means surgical repair of a joint.
Arthro
A person who is prone to allergies can be described as being:
Atopic
AF is the abbreviation for:
Atrial fibrillation
AV is the abbreviation for:
Atrioventricular
Listening to sounds within the body with a stethoscope is called:
Auscultation
The collection of stationary lymph tissue in the armpits is comprised of:
Axillary nodes
Spongy, porous, trabecular bone is called:
Cancellous bone
The combining form thorac/o means:
Chest
CXR is the abbreviation for:
Chest x-ray
The combining form toc/o means:
Childbirth
Hyper___________ means increased cholesterol in the blood.
Cholesterolemia
Which blood type contains only anti-B antibodies?
A
A clinical procedure that aids in the diagnosis of blood disorders like anemia and leukemia is:
A bone marrow biopsy
The combining form clavicul/o means:
Collarbone
This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries.
Interstitial
A pathologic fracture:
Is caused by disease of the bone
___________ sarcoma is a malignant condition associated with AIDS that arises from the lining of capillaries; it appears as dark purplish skin lesions.
Kaposi
The prefix mono- means:
One or single
A(n) ____________ infection is a disease caused by lowered body resistance, which allows infection by bacteria and parasites that are normally easily contained.
Opportunistic
A bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue is an:
Osteoclast
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow is called:
Osteomyelitis
PCI is the abbreviation for:
Percutaneous coronary intervention
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages are called:
Petechiae
The gland at the base of the brain is the:
Pituitary
Arthro________ is the surgical reconstruction or prosthetic replacement of the end of a joint.
Plasty
Excessive fluid accumulation in the pleural space due to infection, malignancy, or trauma is called:
Pleural effusion
PAC is the abbreviation for:
Premature atrial contraction(s)
Hodgkin disease is often diagnosed by finding the __________ cell in the lymph nodes.
Reed-Sternberg cells
RA is the abbreviation for:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Broncho________ is the visual examination of the bronchi.
Scopy
SCID stands for:
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
______________ anemia is a genetic disorder characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS), abnormal shape of erythrocytes, and hemolysis.
Sickle cell
The lower arm bone on the little finger (medial) side is the:
Ulna
The combining form valvul/o means:
Valve
The combining form ven/o means:
Vein
___________ is a serious cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden cardiac arrest.
Ventricular fibrillation
The combining form laryng/o means:
Voice box
Tetany is defined as:
Constant muscle contraction
FBS is the abbreviation for:
Fasting blood sugar
Extremely rapid and irregular contractions of the heart muscle are called _________.
Fibrillation
An abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood is called:
Granulocytosis
The abbreviation for hematocrit is:
Hct
________globin is the blood protein that enables the transport of oxygen.
Hemo
______electrophoresis is a test that detects and differentiates abnormal levels of specific antibodies.
Immuno
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM are collectively known as:
Immunoglobulins
Lymphadenitis is defined as:
Inflammation of the lymph glands
A collection of stationary lymph tissue in the groin region is known as the:
Inguinal nodes
WBC is the abbreviation for:
White blood cell count
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells?
polycythemia vera
Fibromy______ is a condition characterized by chronic pain and stiffness in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue.
algia
Asthma, hives, and atopic dermatitis are examples of a(n) ______________, which occurs when a sensitized person reacts violently to a subsequent exposure.
allergic reaction
The two upper chambers of the heart are the __________, and the two lower chambers are the __________.
atria, ventricles
The _________ prevents choking, or aspiration of food.
epiglottis
During ___________ transplantation, peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered to a recipient.
hematopoietic stem cell
Mrs. Pitt developed excessive hair on her face and body, or _________, due to excessive secretion of androgens caused by an adrenal tumor.
hirsutism
Exophthalmometry is the measurement of ____________ with an exophthalmometer.
eyeball protrusion
A general term for the condition of having excessive reactions to allergens is called ____________.
hypersensitivity
Hyper_________ means an increased level of blood glucose (sugar).
glycemia
To measure long-term blood glucose control, a(n) ___________ hemoglobin test is done.
glycosylated
A region of the brain lying below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland and that secretes releasing factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland is the:
hypothalamus
Deficiency of all pituitary hormones is called _____hypopituitarism.
pan
Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is called ________itis.
pericard
A disease condition in which the heart is unable to pump the necessary amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic requirements is called _____________, which is abbreviated ___.
congestive heart failure, CHF
A(n) ____________steroid is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.
cortico
Red blood cell morphology looks at the _________ of individual red blood cells.
shape
The instrument used to listen to the chest sounds is called a(n) ___________.
stethoscope
The blocking of a coronary artery by a clot is called:
Thrombotic occlusion
The combining form thym/o means:
Thymus gland
T4 is the abbreviation for:
Thyroxine
The medical term for shin bone is:
Tibia
Granulocyto______ is a deficiency in the total number of basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils.
penia
The ELISA laboratory test is used to:
Detect the presence of HIV antibodies
The surgical joining of vessel grafts to existing coronary arteries to maintain blood supply to the myocardium is:
CABG
The abbreviation for adrenocorticotropic hormone is:
ACTH
Movement away from the midline of the body is:
Abduction
Enlargement of facial, jaw, and extremity bones during adulthood as a result of excess growth hormone is called:
Acromegaly
ACS is the abbreviation for:
Acute coronary syndrome
The combining form alveol/o means:
Air sac
The combining form bas/o means:
Alkaline
The medical term for hay fever is:
Allergic rhinitis
Chest pain secondary to oxygen deprivation to the myocardium is:
Angina pectoris
ADH is the abbreviation for:
Antidiuretic hormone
A bone head, tuberosity, and condyle are examples of bone protuberances known as:
Bone processes
Systole is the rhythmic ________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
Contraction
________ is a congenital condition associated with extreme hypothyroidism and characterized by dwarfism and mental retardation.
Cretinism
________ is a viral infection with obstruction of the larynx.
Croup
Articular cartilage functions to:
Cushion joints and allow them to move smoothly and efficiently
The muscle separating the chest and abdomen is the:
Diaphragm
________ectomy is the excision of fatty deposits from the innermost lining of an artery.
Endarter
The combining form epiglott/o means:
Epiglottis
The medical term for nosebleed is _____________.
Epistaxis
Pulmonary means pertaining to the:
Lung
LH is the abbreviation for:
Luteinizing hormone
Clusters of small oval-shaped tissue along the path of lymph vessels are:
Lymph nodes
The lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland are collectively known as the:
Lymphoid organs
Essential hormones that regulate the amounts of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, retained in the body are called:
Mineralocorticoids
MVP is the abbreviation for:
Mitral valve prolapse
Epstein-Barr is the virus that causes:
Mononucleosis
Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias are:
Palpitations
The medical term for kneecap is:
Patella
Crackling sounds heard during inspiration when the alveoli are filled with secretions are called:
Rales
The combining form erythr/o means:
Red
The combining form splen/o means:
Spleen
The organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells is the:
Spleen
A tube that is meshlike or slotted and used to prevent vessel obstruction is a(n):
Stent
The class of hormones made from the lipid cholesterol is:
Steroids
The suffix -tropin means:
Stimulating the function of
Turning the palm of the hand forward (face up) is:
Supination
A tracheostomy is the:
Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea
The organs or tissues on which hormones act are called:
Targets
TMJ is the abbreviation for:
Temporo mandibular joint
HIV is:
The virus that causes AIDS
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space is:
Thoracentesis
The combining form pharyng/o means:
Throat
Glycogen is converted back into glucose by the hormone gluc_______.
agon
The largest artery in the body is the _________.
aorta
The ________ of the lung rests on the diaphragm.
base
Heme is broken apart into iron and the pigment ______________.
bilirubin
Hyper____emia means high amounts of calcium in the blood.
calc
Poly______ is a term for excessive thirst.
dipsia
DOE stands for _____ on exertion.
dyspnea
A ___________ is a large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body.
macrophage
Softening of the bones is called osteo________.
malacia
The study of the shape of the cells is called ______logy.
morpo
A __________ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves.
murmur
Poly__________ is chronic inflammatory myopathy.
myositis
TAVR stands for:
transcatheter aortic valve replacement
