Medical Terminology CH. 11,12,13,14,15,18

An ICD is a:

Device implanted in the chest that can sense and correct arrhythmias

Carbon dioxide is:

Exhaled through the lungs

Straightening a limb is called:

Extension

Yellow marrow is composed chiefly of:

Fat

Bending a limb is:

Flexion

The abbreviation for non small cell lung cancer is:

NSCLC

This hormone prepares and maintains the uterus in pregnancy.

Progesterone

PFT is the abbreviation for:

Pulmonary function test

A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium is called the:

Pulmonary vein

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin is:

Purpura

A person with Type A blood will have type __ red cell antigens.

A

Cystic fibrosis is:

A disorder that affects the mucous membranes of the respiratory system as well as the pancreas and the sweat glands

The laboratory test that detects neutropenia is:

ANC

The combining form stern/o means:

Breastbone

Granulocytes are formed in red bone marrow, or ________oid tissue.

myel

A person with Type O blood is a(n):

Universal donor

Masses of lymph tissue in the back of the oropharynx are the:

Tonsils

_____________ is a general term meaning disease of bone marrow with malignant WBCs filling the marrow and bloodstream.

Leukemia

The combining form lumb/o means:

Lower back

__________ are phagocytic granulocytes.

Neutrophils

A group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue is:

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

OSA is the abbreviation for:

Obstructive sleep apnea

The combining form tox/o means:

Poison

The medical term for a small artery is _________.

Arteriole

The combining form arter/o means:

Artery

A chronic, intermittent bronchial inflammatory disorder, also known as reactive airway disease, is:

Asthma

The medical term that means inflammation of the joint is:

Arthritis

________plasty means surgical repair of a joint.

Arthro

A person who is prone to allergies can be described as being:

Atopic

AF is the abbreviation for:

Atrial fibrillation

AV is the abbreviation for:

Atrioventricular

Listening to sounds within the body with a stethoscope is called:

Auscultation

The collection of stationary lymph tissue in the armpits is comprised of:

Axillary nodes

Spongy, porous, trabecular bone is called:

Cancellous bone

The combining form thorac/o means:

Chest

CXR is the abbreviation for:

Chest x-ray

The combining form toc/o means:

Childbirth

Hyper___________ means increased cholesterol in the blood.

Cholesterolemia

Which blood type contains only anti-B antibodies?

A

A clinical procedure that aids in the diagnosis of blood disorders like anemia and leukemia is:

A bone marrow biopsy

The combining form clavicul/o means:

Collarbone

This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries.

Interstitial

A pathologic fracture:

Is caused by disease of the bone

___________ sarcoma is a malignant condition associated with AIDS that arises from the lining of capillaries; it appears as dark purplish skin lesions.

Kaposi

The prefix mono- means:

One or single

A(n) ____________ infection is a disease caused by lowered body resistance, which allows infection by bacteria and parasites that are normally easily contained.

Opportunistic

A bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue is an:

Osteoclast

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow is called:

Osteomyelitis

PCI is the abbreviation for:

Percutaneous coronary intervention

Small, pinpoint hemorrhages are called:

Petechiae

The gland at the base of the brain is the:

Pituitary

Arthro________ is the surgical reconstruction or prosthetic replacement of the end of a joint.

Plasty

Excessive fluid accumulation in the pleural space due to infection, malignancy, or trauma is called:

Pleural effusion

PAC is the abbreviation for:

Premature atrial contraction(s)

Hodgkin disease is often diagnosed by finding the __________ cell in the lymph nodes.

Reed-Sternberg cells

RA is the abbreviation for:

Rheumatoid arthritis

Broncho________ is the visual examination of the bronchi.

Scopy

SCID stands for:

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

______________ anemia is a genetic disorder characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS), abnormal shape of erythrocytes, and hemolysis.

Sickle cell

The lower arm bone on the little finger (medial) side is the:

Ulna

The combining form valvul/o means:

Valve

The combining form ven/o means:

Vein

___________ is a serious cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden cardiac arrest.

Ventricular fibrillation

The combining form laryng/o means:

Voice box

Tetany is defined as:

Constant muscle contraction

FBS is the abbreviation for:

Fasting blood sugar

Extremely rapid and irregular contractions of the heart muscle are called _________.

Fibrillation

An abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood is called:

Granulocytosis

The abbreviation for hematocrit is:

Hct

________globin is the blood protein that enables the transport of oxygen.

Hemo

______electrophoresis is a test that detects and differentiates abnormal levels of specific antibodies.

Immuno

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM are collectively known as:

Immunoglobulins

Lymphadenitis is defined as:

Inflammation of the lymph glands

A collection of stationary lymph tissue in the groin region is known as the:

Inguinal nodes

WBC is the abbreviation for:

White blood cell count

Which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells?

polycythemia vera

Fibromy______ is a condition characterized by chronic pain and stiffness in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue.

algia

Asthma, hives, and atopic dermatitis are examples of a(n) ______________, which occurs when a sensitized person reacts violently to a subsequent exposure.

allergic reaction

The two upper chambers of the heart are the __________, and the two lower chambers are the __________.

atria, ventricles

The _________ prevents choking, or aspiration of food.

epiglottis

During ___________ transplantation, peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered to a recipient.

hematopoietic stem cell

Mrs. Pitt developed excessive hair on her face and body, or _________, due to excessive secretion of androgens caused by an adrenal tumor.

hirsutism

Exophthalmometry is the measurement of ____________ with an exophthalmometer.

eyeball protrusion

A general term for the condition of having excessive reactions to allergens is called ____________.

hypersensitivity

Hyper_________ means an increased level of blood glucose (sugar).

glycemia

To measure long-term blood glucose control, a(n) ___________ hemoglobin test is done.

glycosylated

A region of the brain lying below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland and that secretes releasing factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland is the:

hypothalamus

Deficiency of all pituitary hormones is called _____hypopituitarism.

pan

Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is called ________itis.

pericard

A disease condition in which the heart is unable to pump the necessary amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic requirements is called _____________, which is abbreviated ___.

congestive heart failure, CHF

A(n) ____________steroid is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.

cortico

Red blood cell morphology looks at the _________ of individual red blood cells.

shape

The instrument used to listen to the chest sounds is called a(n) ___________.

stethoscope

The blocking of a coronary artery by a clot is called:

Thrombotic occlusion

The combining form thym/o means:

Thymus gland

T4 is the abbreviation for:

Thyroxine

The medical term for shin bone is:

Tibia

Granulocyto______ is a deficiency in the total number of basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils.

penia

The ELISA laboratory test is used to:

Detect the presence of HIV antibodies

The surgical joining of vessel grafts to existing coronary arteries to maintain blood supply to the myocardium is:

CABG

The abbreviation for adrenocorticotropic hormone is:

ACTH

Movement away from the midline of the body is:

Abduction

Enlargement of facial, jaw, and extremity bones during adulthood as a result of excess growth hormone is called:

Acromegaly

ACS is the abbreviation for:

Acute coronary syndrome

The combining form alveol/o means:

Air sac

The combining form bas/o means:

Alkaline

The medical term for hay fever is:

Allergic rhinitis

Chest pain secondary to oxygen deprivation to the myocardium is:

Angina pectoris

ADH is the abbreviation for:

Antidiuretic hormone

A bone head, tuberosity, and condyle are examples of bone protuberances known as:

Bone processes

Systole is the rhythmic ________ phase of the cardiac cycle.

Contraction

________ is a congenital condition associated with extreme hypothyroidism and characterized by dwarfism and mental retardation.

Cretinism

________ is a viral infection with obstruction of the larynx.

Croup

Articular cartilage functions to:

Cushion joints and allow them to move smoothly and efficiently

The muscle separating the chest and abdomen is the:

Diaphragm

________ectomy is the excision of fatty deposits from the innermost lining of an artery.

Endarter

The combining form epiglott/o means:

Epiglottis

The medical term for nosebleed is _____________.

Epistaxis

Pulmonary means pertaining to the:

Lung

LH is the abbreviation for:

Luteinizing hormone

Clusters of small oval-shaped tissue along the path of lymph vessels are:

Lymph nodes

The lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland are collectively known as the:

Lymphoid organs

Essential hormones that regulate the amounts of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, retained in the body are called:

Mineralocorticoids

MVP is the abbreviation for:

Mitral valve prolapse

Epstein-Barr is the virus that causes:

Mononucleosis

Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias are:

Palpitations

The medical term for kneecap is:

Patella

Crackling sounds heard during inspiration when the alveoli are filled with secretions are called:

Rales

The combining form erythr/o means:

Red

The combining form splen/o means:

Spleen

The organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells is the:

Spleen

A tube that is meshlike or slotted and used to prevent vessel obstruction is a(n):

Stent

The class of hormones made from the lipid cholesterol is:

Steroids

The suffix -tropin means:

Stimulating the function of

Turning the palm of the hand forward (face up) is:

Supination

A tracheostomy is the:

Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea

The organs or tissues on which hormones act are called:

Targets

TMJ is the abbreviation for:

Temporo mandibular joint

HIV is:

The virus that causes AIDS

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space is:

Thoracentesis

The combining form pharyng/o means:

Throat

Glycogen is converted back into glucose by the hormone gluc_______.

agon

The largest artery in the body is the _________.

aorta

The ________ of the lung rests on the diaphragm.

base

Heme is broken apart into iron and the pigment ______________.

bilirubin

Hyper____emia means high amounts of calcium in the blood.

calc

Poly______ is a term for excessive thirst.

dipsia

DOE stands for _____ on exertion.

dyspnea

A ___________ is a large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body.

macrophage

Softening of the bones is called osteo________.

malacia

The study of the shape of the cells is called ______logy.

morpo

A __________ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves.

murmur

Poly__________ is chronic inflammatory myopathy.

myositis

TAVR stands for:

transcatheter aortic valve replacement