Medical Terminology Chapter 11
The combining form aort/o means
aorta
Focusing sound waves on a blood vessel to measure the velocity of blood flow is
doppler ultrasound
The combining form ather/o means
fatty substance
A(n) ____________ is the widening of a weakened portion of an arterial wall
aneurysm
Chest pain secondary to oxygen deprivation to the myocardium is
angia pectoris
Injecting radiopaque dye to obtain x-ray visualization of the heart and large blood vessels is
angiography
Radiographic imaging of the large blood vessels after the injection of radiopaque dye is called
angiography
The largest artery in the body is the ________
aorta
The medical term for a small artery is
arteriole
The combining form arter/o means
artery
Formation of fatty deposits on the inner lining of the coronary arteries is
atherosclerosis
The medical term for the condition of hardening of the arteries is
atherosclerosis
The two upper chambers of the heart are the ____________, and the two lower chambers are the _____________.
atria, ventricles
A small hole in the wall between the atria is called a(n) _____________, which is abbreviated _____
atrial septal defect, ASD
AV is the abbreviation for
atrioventricular
The combining form atri/o means
atrium
Blood vessels that permit oxygen and nutrients to exchange with carbon dioxide and waste materials are called
capillaries
Introducing a thin, flexible tube into a vein or artery and guiding it into the heart to detect pressures and patterns of blood flow is
cardiac catheterization
Catheter delivery of a high-frequency current to damage a small part of the heart muscle to reverse an abnormal heart rhythm is
catheter ablation
The combining form thromb/o means
clot
A disease condition in which the heart is unable to pump the necessary amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic requirements is called ___________, which is abbreviated _____
congestive heart failure, CHF
Systole is the rhythmic _____________ phase of the cardiac cycle
contraction
When a blood clot forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb, the condition is called
deep vein thrombosis
The application of brief electrical discharges across the chest to stop ventricular fibrillation is
defibrillation
_____________graphy. is the use of high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart muscle
echocardio
Using high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart chambers and valves is
echocardiography
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart that occurs when microorganisms invade its surface is called ___________itis
endocard
Extremely rapid and irregular contractions of the heart muscle are called
fibrillation
Rapid, random, inefficient contraction of the atria or ventricles is called
fibrillation
The combining form coron/o means
heart
After 3 months of regular measurement, Mr. Jackson's blood pressure ranges between 170/90 and 180/100. Mr. Jackson's blood pressure is indicative of
hypertension
Deficient blood supply to the myocardium is
ischemia
A ____________ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves
murmur
Advanced atherosclerosis could likely lead to
myocardial infarction
The medical term for interrupted blood flow that kills myocardial tissue is called
myocardial infarction
The thick middle layer of the heart wall composed of muscle is the
myocardium
Mr. Smithson is diagnosed with a complete (third-degree) AV heart block. To restore normal rhythm, the cardiothoracic surgeon schedules Mr. SMithson for insertion of a
pacemaker
Uncomfortable sensation is the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias are
palpitations
Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias that make you aware of your heartbeat are known as ________
palpitations
Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is called __________itis
pericard
The saclike membrane surrounding the heart is the
pericardium
Blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidnesm and other organs is
peripheral arterial disease
A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium is called the
pulmonary vein
The combining form sphygm/o means
pulse
The force of the blood being ejected from the heart causes a regular expansion and contraction of the arterial walls, called the
pulse
A tube that is meshlike or slotted and used to prevent vessel obstruction is a(n)
stent
The ______ brings oxygen-poor blood into the heart from the upper parts of the body
superior vena cava
Mrs. Thompson is scheduled for same-day surgery. Her resting blood pressure is 112/78. The __________ pressure of this is reading 112
systolic
Blocking of an artery by a blood clot is
thrombotic occlusion
The blocking of a coronary artery by a clot is called
thrombotic occlusion
TAVR stands for
transcatheter aortic valve replacement
The valve that lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the _________ valve
tricuspid
As blood enters the right atrium from the venae cavae, it flows next through the _____________, ____________, and __________.
tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve
The combining form valvul/o means
valve
Damaged or incompetent venous valves that fail to prevent backward flow of blood can lead to the development of
varicose veins
The combining form ven/o means
vein
The inter___________ septum is the wall between the ventricles of the heart
ventricular
_______________ is a serious cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden cardiac arrest
ventricular fibrillation