Medical Terminology Chapter 11

The combining form aort/o means

aorta

Focusing sound waves on a blood vessel to measure the velocity of blood flow is

doppler ultrasound

The combining form ather/o means

fatty substance

A(n) ____________ is the widening of a weakened portion of an arterial wall

aneurysm

Chest pain secondary to oxygen deprivation to the myocardium is

angia pectoris

Injecting radiopaque dye to obtain x-ray visualization of the heart and large blood vessels is

angiography

Radiographic imaging of the large blood vessels after the injection of radiopaque dye is called

angiography

The largest artery in the body is the ________

aorta

The medical term for a small artery is

arteriole

The combining form arter/o means

artery

Formation of fatty deposits on the inner lining of the coronary arteries is

atherosclerosis

The medical term for the condition of hardening of the arteries is

atherosclerosis

The two upper chambers of the heart are the ____________, and the two lower chambers are the _____________.

atria, ventricles

A small hole in the wall between the atria is called a(n) _____________, which is abbreviated _____

atrial septal defect, ASD

AV is the abbreviation for

atrioventricular

The combining form atri/o means

atrium

Blood vessels that permit oxygen and nutrients to exchange with carbon dioxide and waste materials are called

capillaries

Introducing a thin, flexible tube into a vein or artery and guiding it into the heart to detect pressures and patterns of blood flow is

cardiac catheterization

Catheter delivery of a high-frequency current to damage a small part of the heart muscle to reverse an abnormal heart rhythm is

catheter ablation

The combining form thromb/o means

clot

A disease condition in which the heart is unable to pump the necessary amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic requirements is called ___________, which is abbreviated _____

congestive heart failure, CHF

Systole is the rhythmic _____________ phase of the cardiac cycle

contraction

When a blood clot forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb, the condition is called

deep vein thrombosis

The application of brief electrical discharges across the chest to stop ventricular fibrillation is

defibrillation

_____________graphy. is the use of high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart muscle

echocardio

Using high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart chambers and valves is

echocardiography

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart that occurs when microorganisms invade its surface is called ___________itis

endocard

Extremely rapid and irregular contractions of the heart muscle are called

fibrillation

Rapid, random, inefficient contraction of the atria or ventricles is called

fibrillation

The combining form coron/o means

heart

After 3 months of regular measurement, Mr. Jackson's blood pressure ranges between 170/90 and 180/100. Mr. Jackson's blood pressure is indicative of

hypertension

Deficient blood supply to the myocardium is

ischemia

A ____________ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves

murmur

Advanced atherosclerosis could likely lead to

myocardial infarction

The medical term for interrupted blood flow that kills myocardial tissue is called

myocardial infarction

The thick middle layer of the heart wall composed of muscle is the

myocardium

Mr. Smithson is diagnosed with a complete (third-degree) AV heart block. To restore normal rhythm, the cardiothoracic surgeon schedules Mr. SMithson for insertion of a

pacemaker

Uncomfortable sensation is the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias are

palpitations

Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias that make you aware of your heartbeat are known as ________

palpitations

Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is called __________itis

pericard

The saclike membrane surrounding the heart is the

pericardium

Blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidnesm and other organs is

peripheral arterial disease

A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium is called the

pulmonary vein

The combining form sphygm/o means

pulse

The force of the blood being ejected from the heart causes a regular expansion and contraction of the arterial walls, called the

pulse

A tube that is meshlike or slotted and used to prevent vessel obstruction is a(n)

stent

The ______ brings oxygen-poor blood into the heart from the upper parts of the body

superior vena cava

Mrs. Thompson is scheduled for same-day surgery. Her resting blood pressure is 112/78. The __________ pressure of this is reading 112

systolic

Blocking of an artery by a blood clot is

thrombotic occlusion

The blocking of a coronary artery by a clot is called

thrombotic occlusion

TAVR stands for

transcatheter aortic valve replacement

The valve that lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the _________ valve

tricuspid

As blood enters the right atrium from the venae cavae, it flows next through the _____________, ____________, and __________.

tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve

The combining form valvul/o means

valve

Damaged or incompetent venous valves that fail to prevent backward flow of blood can lead to the development of

varicose veins

The combining form ven/o means

vein

The inter___________ septum is the wall between the ventricles of the heart

ventricular

_______________ is a serious cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden cardiac arrest

ventricular fibrillation