Metabolism connect review
Arrange the following electron acceptors in the proper order in which they participate in electron transport (1) cytochrome C (2) oxygen (3) cytochrome C oxidase
1, 3, 2
How many ATP and NADH are produced by glycolysis of one glucose molecule
2 ATP and 2 NADH
The net result of a single glycolysis run is the formation of
2 NADH and 2 ATP
Each NADH molecule fed into the electron transport chain produces ___ ATPs
3
Arrange the following events so that the indicate a possible metabolite sequence the body might use to interconvert a protein to a fat 1. glycerol and three fatty acids combine to form triglycerides 2. Fatty acids are formed from acetyl CoA 3. Protein is digested to release amino acids 4. Amino acids are converted to acetyl CoA
3,4,2,1
Aerobic respiration can produce around _______ ATP per glucose molecule and lactic acid fermentation produces _______ ATP.
36; 2
During the steps of glycolysis ______ ATPs, ________ NADHs, and ________ molecules of pyruvate are produced
4;2;2
Water soluble vitamins include
B vitamins and vitamin C
Essential nutrients
Cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body
A food that contains all nine essential amino acids is called an
Complete protein
The process that uses amino acids and glycrol to form glucose is
Gluconeogenisis
During the postabsorptive state, the first choice of glucose is
Glycogen
Transamination
Involves removing an amine group from an amino acid
When glucose is metabolized in the absence of oxygen, one of the end products is
Lactic acid
The transformation of acetyl-CoA to free fatty acids is a process called
Lipogenisis
Acetyl CoA
Might be used in ketogensis
The electrons that are transferred through the electron transport system initially belong to
NADH and FADH2
The yield of ATP in aerobic respiration is usually lower than the theoretical 36 molecules due to all the following, except
Production of lactic acid
The electron transport chain
Results in the formation of ATP
Which class of nutrients do we require the least of
Vitamins
Proteins regulate the acid-base balance of blood by
acting as buffers
One difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration is that
aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration
The production of protein by cells is an example of
anabolism
What is the measurement of the energy content of food
calories
Fat soluble vitamins can be toxic in large doses because they
can be stored and accumulate in body tissues
Starches and sugars are examples of
carbohydrates
Which of the following are energy nutrients
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
The mitochondrion is the site of
citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
Where does glycolysis take place
cytoplasm of the cell
The primary source of energy for most cells is
glucose
Which of the following events takes place during the absorptive state
glucose is converted into energy, glycogen, or fats
Glycolysis is best defined as the breakdown of
glucose to two molecules of pyruvic acid
Excess glucose in animals is stored as
glycogen
When excess glucose is present it is used to form glycogen through a process called
glycogenesis
Which of the following is an example of catabolism
glycolysis
Which of the following is the correct sequence
glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
The movement of protons through ATP synthase occurs from the
intermembrane space to the matrix.
Which of the following minerals is part of the hemoglobin molecule
iron
Under anaerobic conditions the end product of glycolysis is converted to
lactic acid
The formation of triglycerides is called
lipogenesis
Which of the following organs can store glycogen
liver and muscles
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is known as
metabolism
Carbohydrates are absorbed into the blood stream as
monosaccharides
Which of the following steps in glycolysis occurs last
production of ATP from phosphoenolpyruvic acid
Each complex in the electron transport chain collectively acts as a _________ pump that removes H+ from the mitochondrial matrix and pumps it into the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes
proton
In glycolysis glucose is converted to
pyruvate
Excess triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue functions
to assist the body in temperature homeostasis pads and protects energy storage insulates (all of the above)
A compound composed of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule would be
triglyceride
A food guide pyramid suggests that
your diet should contain a variety of foods
