Methodology Presentation: Focus Group Discussion

What do you need to make FGD successful?

1. Clear objective 2. Suitable setting 3. Adequate resources 4. Appropriate subjects 5. Skilled moderator 6. Effective Questions 7. Respectful participants

Intro (1-3)

1. Form of qualitative research 2. Facilitated group discussions which raises issues 4. Gathering opinion & feedback

Presentation Outline

1. What is FGD 2. What are the requirements of FGD 3. Moderator 4. Pros & Cons of FGD 5. Analysis of FGD

Intro (4-6)

3. Popular method for seeking info (at low cost) 5. Formative & summative evaluations 6. Prevalent in developing social programmes and services

Definition of FGD

A FOCUS GROUP A qualitative technique for data collection. "A GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS with CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS who focus on discussion on a given issue or topic" (Anderson, 1990); Whose reactions are studied especially in market research or political analysis in guided or open discussions to determine the reactions that can be expected from a larger population.

Moderator

AKA Facilitator Main role - keep the group "focused" and to generate a lively and productive discussion. effective communication & leadership skills - balance input from a diverse group of people.

Moderator skills

Encourage a variety level of communication among participants: - Asking various type questions - promoting debate - probe for further details - encourage participant - participant discussion rather than participant-moderator discussion - run group exercise Control reactions / emotions of participants

Respondent moderator focus group

One of the respondents will temporarily act as the moderator which changes the dynamics of the group.

Types of Focus Groups - describe two-way focus groups

Single Focus Group Two-way Focus Groups - core group discussing the topic, and another group observing the first and discussing the interactions.

Mini Focus Groups Teleconference or online focus Groups

Smaller groups of only 4-5 participants Conference calling, chat rooms or other online means to conduct the focus group to allow for better outreach to participants.

Dual Moderator Focus groups

The moderators work together with one moderator asking the questions and leading the session, with the other moderator ensuring that all questions are asked and any new evolutions are discussed further.

Duelling moderator focus groups

The two moderators purposefully take opposing sides on an issues or topic to fuel discussion.