MGMT 309 CHP 12

Reengineering process

1. Develop goals and a strategy for reengineering effort 2. Emphasize top management's commitment to the reengineering effort 3. Create a sense of urgency among members of the organization 4. Start with a clean slate; in effect, re-create the organization 5. Optimize top-down and bottom-up perspectives

Assumptions of OD

1. Employees desire to grow and develop 2. employees need to be accepted by others in org 3. Individuals will influence the organization and the org will influence the attitudes , perceptions, behaviors, and expectations of individuals

who exemplifies a people change that would result in an organizational change

New CEO

_______ is defined as substantive modification of any part of an organization

Organization Change

Toyota added a plug in version of the Prius. This is an example of

Organizational Change

The members of various church boards hold an annual retreat to discuss any problems and issues of concern. This is an example of an organization development intervention technique known as

Team building

Not a force in the task environment that requires an organization to change

Technology

Second Step in Lewin Model change process

The change is implemented

The Lewin Model

Unfreezing, Implementing Change, refreezing. (Lacks specificity)

technical innovation

a change in appearance or performance of a product or service or of the physical processes through which a product or service is manufactured

managerial innovation

a change in management process in an organization

Product Innovation

a change in the physical characteristics or performance of an existing product or service or the creation of a new one

Process Innovation

a change in the way a product or service is manufactured, created, or distributed

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

a large scale infomations system for integrating and synchronizing the many activities in the extended enterprise

Incremental innovation

a new product or service or technology that modifies and existing one. does not significantly effect competition

Radical Innovation

a new product, service, or technology that completely replaces an existing one. Radical innovation shifts competition in an industry

Reactive Change

a piecemeal response to circumstances as they develop. Hurried and potentially poorly perceived

Organizational Development

a planned effort that is organization wide - managed from the top and intended to increase organizational effectiveness and health through planned interventions in the organization's process, using behavioral science knowledge

Organization change

any substantive modification to some part of the organization

Comprehensive Approach

approach to change takes a system view and delineates a series of specific steps that often lead to successful change

internal forces

cause the organization to change its structure and strategy; some internal forces are responses to external pressures

Planned Change

change that is designed and implemented in an orderly and timely fashion in anticipation for future events

external forces

come from the organization's general and task environments; force the organization to alter the way in which it competes

Intrapreneur

develop new businesses in the context of a larger organization

First Stage of organizational innovation process

developing

Innovation process

development, application, launch, growth, maturity, decline

OD techniques

diagnostic activities, team building, survey feedback, education, intergroup activities, third party peacemaking, process consultation, life and career planning, coaching and counseling, planning and goal setting

Needs for business process change

entropy, results from maintenance of the status quo, puts the organization out of synch with environment, starts the organization to consuming its own resources

A force-field analysis identifies

factors that facilitate or hinder organizational change

Vera Bradley makes fashion accessories. It releases four new patterns four times a year. The new patterns are an example of a(n) ____ innovation

incremental

Unfreezing

individuals must be shown why the change is necessary

refreezing

involves reinforcing and supporting the change so that it becomes an integral part of the system

Failure to innovate

lack of resources, failure to recognize opportunities, resistance to change

Innovation

managed effort of an organization to develop products or services or new uses for existing products or dervices

Overcoming resistance to change

participation, education and communication, facilitate, force-field analysis

As ISIL was wreaking havoc in the Middle East, the Obama administration told the U.S. military to cut its strength by 8 percent. This is an example of a(n) ____ change.

planned

Forms of innovation

radical, technical, product, incremental, managerial, and process

Promoting innovation in organizations

reward system, organization culture, intrapreneurs

Business process change (reengineering)

the radical redesign of all aspects of a business to achieve major gains in cost, service, or time

People resist change because of

uncertainty, threats to self-interests, different perceptions and feelings of loss