MGMT 309 CHP 12
Reengineering process
1. Develop goals and a strategy for reengineering effort 2. Emphasize top management's commitment to the reengineering effort 3. Create a sense of urgency among members of the organization 4. Start with a clean slate; in effect, re-create the organization 5. Optimize top-down and bottom-up perspectives
Assumptions of OD
1. Employees desire to grow and develop 2. employees need to be accepted by others in org 3. Individuals will influence the organization and the org will influence the attitudes , perceptions, behaviors, and expectations of individuals
who exemplifies a people change that would result in an organizational change
New CEO
_______ is defined as substantive modification of any part of an organization
Organization Change
Toyota added a plug in version of the Prius. This is an example of
Organizational Change
The members of various church boards hold an annual retreat to discuss any problems and issues of concern. This is an example of an organization development intervention technique known as
Team building
Not a force in the task environment that requires an organization to change
Technology
Second Step in Lewin Model change process
The change is implemented
The Lewin Model
Unfreezing, Implementing Change, refreezing. (Lacks specificity)
technical innovation
a change in appearance or performance of a product or service or of the physical processes through which a product or service is manufactured
managerial innovation
a change in management process in an organization
Product Innovation
a change in the physical characteristics or performance of an existing product or service or the creation of a new one
Process Innovation
a change in the way a product or service is manufactured, created, or distributed
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
a large scale infomations system for integrating and synchronizing the many activities in the extended enterprise
Incremental innovation
a new product or service or technology that modifies and existing one. does not significantly effect competition
Radical Innovation
a new product, service, or technology that completely replaces an existing one. Radical innovation shifts competition in an industry
Reactive Change
a piecemeal response to circumstances as they develop. Hurried and potentially poorly perceived
Organizational Development
a planned effort that is organization wide - managed from the top and intended to increase organizational effectiveness and health through planned interventions in the organization's process, using behavioral science knowledge
Organization change
any substantive modification to some part of the organization
Comprehensive Approach
approach to change takes a system view and delineates a series of specific steps that often lead to successful change
internal forces
cause the organization to change its structure and strategy; some internal forces are responses to external pressures
Planned Change
change that is designed and implemented in an orderly and timely fashion in anticipation for future events
external forces
come from the organization's general and task environments; force the organization to alter the way in which it competes
Intrapreneur
develop new businesses in the context of a larger organization
First Stage of organizational innovation process
developing
Innovation process
development, application, launch, growth, maturity, decline
OD techniques
diagnostic activities, team building, survey feedback, education, intergroup activities, third party peacemaking, process consultation, life and career planning, coaching and counseling, planning and goal setting
Needs for business process change
entropy, results from maintenance of the status quo, puts the organization out of synch with environment, starts the organization to consuming its own resources
A force-field analysis identifies
factors that facilitate or hinder organizational change
Vera Bradley makes fashion accessories. It releases four new patterns four times a year. The new patterns are an example of a(n) ____ innovation
incremental
Unfreezing
individuals must be shown why the change is necessary
refreezing
involves reinforcing and supporting the change so that it becomes an integral part of the system
Failure to innovate
lack of resources, failure to recognize opportunities, resistance to change
Innovation
managed effort of an organization to develop products or services or new uses for existing products or dervices
Overcoming resistance to change
participation, education and communication, facilitate, force-field analysis
As ISIL was wreaking havoc in the Middle East, the Obama administration told the U.S. military to cut its strength by 8 percent. This is an example of a(n) ____ change.
planned
Forms of innovation
radical, technical, product, incremental, managerial, and process
Promoting innovation in organizations
reward system, organization culture, intrapreneurs
Business process change (reengineering)
the radical redesign of all aspects of a business to achieve major gains in cost, service, or time
People resist change because of
uncertainty, threats to self-interests, different perceptions and feelings of loss