MGMT 310 Midterm

Which of the following is an objective of ethics training programs for employees? a.To delegate decision-making authority to all employees b.To enforce flexible ethical standards c.To achieve credibility with employees d.To discourage employees from reporting violations

C. to achieve credibility with employees

In the context of the postconventional level of moral development, which of the following statements is true of individuals in the universal principle stage? a.They worry less about punishment and more about doing things that directly advance their wants. b.They believe that society is better off when the rights of others are not violated. c.They look for external guidance and do whatever the law permits. d.They stick to their principles even if their decision conflicts with the law.

D. they stick to their principles even if their decisions conflicts with the law

In the context of the internal and external forces that affect business, which of the following is a difference between stable environments and dynamic environments? a.In stable environments, the rate of environmental change is slow, whereas indynamic environments, the rate of environmental change is fast. b.In stable environments, fundamental changes are observed in the environment, whereas in dynamic environments, incremental changes occur. c.The stable environment of a company is only related to the external factors affecting the company, whereas the dynamic environment of a company is only related to the internal factors affecting the company. d.Companies with stable environments experience changing customer preferences and attitudes, whereas companies with dynamic environments experience a fixed set of customer needs.

a. In stable environments, the rate of environmental change is slow, whereas indynamic environments, the rate of environmental change is fast.

Primo Remo Cars recalled one of its car models after it learned about a defect in its engine. By doing so, it met all the expectations of its customers. This is an example of a(n) _____. a.accommodative strategy b.reactive strategy c.proactive strategy d.defensive strategy

a. accommodative strategy

Jin is the operations manager of a car manufacturing company in the United States. He wants to set up production plants in three other countries by the end of the current year. After he has set this goal, which of the following is the next step he should ideally take in order to achieve this goal? a.Develop commitment to the goal b.Track progress toward goal achievement c.Reward hard working employees for their work d.Determine the profits the production plants will make

a. develop commitment to the goal

In a basic model of ethical decision making, after a problem has been identified, the next step is to _____. a.identify the constituents b.diagnose the situation c.analyze the available options d.develop alternative solutions

a. identify the constituents

Organizational encouragement of creativity occurs when _____. a.management encourages risk taking and new ideas b.supervisors provide clear goals c.open interaction with subordinates is encouraged d.work group members foster mutual openness to ideas

a. management encourages risk taking and new ideas

Lemsey Corp. specializes in creating computer software. It has been working on an antivirus software that doesn't need regular updates and has the most comprehensive virus database in the market. This software is being tested for design, function, and reliability. In the context of the experiential approach to innovation, the antivirus is a _____. a.product prototype b.low-feasibility product c.customized product d.dominant design

a. product prototype

Juyoung, a middle manager at an electronic accessories company, presents a detailed estimate of the budget and the required number of temporary salespeople needed for the next year. In this scenario, Juyoung has most likely contributed to developing the company's _____. a.tactical plan b.single-use plan c.operational plan d.strategic plan

a. tactical plan

Which of the following statements is true of resistance to change? a.It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support. b.It is used to manage innovation in more certain environments during periods of incremental change. c.Employees are more likely to resist change if they have to participate in planning and implementing the change process. d.Employees are more likely to resist change if they are asked to focus on short-term wins, rather than long-term goals.

a.It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support.

In the context of operational plans, which of the following is a difference between policies and procedures? a.Policies indicate the general course of action that managers should take in response to a particular event, whereas procedures indicate the specific steps that managers should take in response to a particular event. b.Policies are single-use plans, whereas procedures are standing plans. c.Policies are strategic plans that are developed and carried out by the lower-level managers of a company, whereas procedures are tactical plans that are developed and carried out by the middle management of a company. d.Policies are plans that cover one-time-only events, whereas procedures are plans that can be used for recurring events.

a.Policies indicate the general course of action that managers should take in response to a particular event, whereas procedures indicate the specific steps that managers should take in response to a particular event.

Daniel has started a small shoe manufacturing company. He has a tight budget and does not want the best equipment at the moment, so he is using equipment that is good enough to work with. In this scenario, Daniel is _____. a.specializing b.satisficing c.maximizing d.discounting

b satisficing

Which of the following is a difference between property deviance and production deviance? a.Property deviance falls into the category of workplace deviance, whereas production deviance falls into the category of political deviance. b.Property deviance affects company possessions and products, whereas production deviance affects the quality of work produced. c.Property deviance influences employees to steal company merchandise, whereas production deviance influences employees to endanger coworkers. d.Property deviance is aimed at gaining illegal ownership of a company, whereas production deviance is aimed at obtaining illegal products.

b. Property deviance affects company possessions and products, whereas production deviance affects the quality of work produced.

Which of the following is a social responsiveness strategy in which a company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all that society expects to solve that problem? a.Discretionary strategy b.Accommodative strategy c.Defensive strategy d.Reactive strategy

b. accommodative strategy

Claire is a manager at an information technology (IT) firm. She notices a consistent drop in the productivity of her employees. She is not able to find the reason behind this drop. In the context of rational decision-making, which of the following steps should Claire take first? a.Computing the optimal decision b.Defining the problem c.Identifying decision criteria d.Generating alternative courses of action

b. defining the problem

The most popular approach to increase goal commitment is to _____. a.develop less challenging goals b.encourage employee participation while setting goals c.ask the top management to assign goals d.minimize employee involvement in planning

b. encourage employee participation while setting goals

Which of the following is a psychological state of effortlessness, in which you become completely absorbed in what you are doing and time seems to pass quickly? a.The id b.Flow c.Refreezing d.The superego

b. flow

In the context of the planning process, which of the following is most likely to be useful when conceived goals turn out not to be achievable? a.Developing commitment to goals b.Maintaining flexibility when making plans c.Tracking progress toward goal achievement d.Developing long-term action plans

b. maintaining flexibility when making plans

A business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society is known as social _____. a.loafing b.responsibility c.networking d.engineering

b. responsibility

Managers can use overt integrity tests to _____. a.differentiate between the ethics of primary and secondary stakeholders b.select and hire ethical employees c.assess the ethical intensity of an issue d.reinforce the ethical principle of individual rights

b. select and hire ethical employees

The act of reporting others' ethics violations to management or legal authorities is known as _____. a.brainstorming b.whistleblowing c.agenda setting d.bootstrapping

b. whistleblowing

To motivate employees to perform better, the human resources department of Martianse, a chain of retail apparel stores, replaced the company's fixed incentive system with a performance-based incentive system. In this scenario, Martianse's human resources department is most likely using _____. a.behavioral opportunism b.behavioral substitution c.behavioral disorientation d.behavioral deskilling

behavioral substitution

As soon as she allocates tasks to her subordinates, Yendira, an account manager, thinks about the next set of tasks that she can allocate to them so that she can gain credit from her superiors in the organization. Which of the following management mistakes is evident by this act of Yendira? a.Being overly ambitious b.Inability to staff effectively c.Insensitivity to others d.Overdependence on mentor

being overly ambitious

The chefs at Lorifusion, a continental restaurant, are given the freedom to try out new ways of presenting their dishes. This helps them avoid monotony and encourages them to innovate. The employees believe that this challenges their skills and keeps them interested and motivated. In the context of managing sources of innovation, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? a.Generational change b.Technological lockout c.A creative work environment d.A compression approach to innovation

c. a creative work environment

The managers at Richellath follow standing plans that broadly define the action that needs to be taken when their subordinates do not meet deadlines. These plans also discuss the intended outcome of the given action. Given this information, the standing plans in this scenario can be referred to as _____. a.heuristics b.prototypes c.policies d.artifacts

c. policies

Jennifer is always the last one to enter the workplace and the first one to leave. She has an eight-hour shift at work but only does six hours of work every day. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____. a.personal aggression b.political deviance c.production deviance d.property deviance

c. production deviance

Which of the following is defined as a more specific goal than the organization's purpose that unifies company-wide efforts, stretches and challenges the organization, and possesses a finish line and a time frame? a.Single-use plan b.Vision statement c.Strategic objective d.Mission statement

c. strategic objective

In the context of managing resistance to change, which of the following is an error that managers make during the unfreezing stage? a.They undercommunicate the vision by a factor of 10. b.They do not systematically plan for short-term wins. c.They do not establish a great enough sense of urgency. d.They lack a vision for change.

c. they do not establish a great enough sense of urgency

In the context of managing organizational change, which of the following is a difference between unfreezing and refreezing? a.Unfreezing occurs through coercion, whereas refreezing occurs through education and communication. b.Unfreezing takes place only at the lower levels of an organization, whereas refreezing takes place only at the higher levels of an organization. c.Unfreezing is getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed, whereas refreezing is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick. d.Unfreezing focuses on long-term goals, whereas refreezing focuses on short-term goals.

c.Unfreezing is getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed, whereas refreezing is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick.

Opulent Inc., a furniture design company based in Winona, designs a wide range of office and household furniture. Umber Corp. has recently started offering custom-made furniture in the same city. The managers at Opulent conduct research to find out the strengths and weaknesses of Umber. The managers also try to figure out the strategies used by Umber. In the given scenario, which of the following strategies is being used by the managers at Opulent Inc.? a.Demographic segmentation b.Competitive analysis c.Cost-benefit analysis d.Proactive monitoring

competitive analysis

Which of the following are defined as companies in the same industry that sell similar products or services to customers? a.Sponsors b.Lobbies c.Intermediaries d.Competitors

competitors

Which of the following are forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time? a.Defiance forces b.Resistance forces c.Effort forces d.Change forces

d. change forces

Which of the following is a barrier to good decision-making caused by pressure within a group for members to agree with each other? a.In-group favoritism b.Groupshift c.Group polarization d.Groupthink

d. groupthink

In the context of managing resistance to change, which of the following is supporting and reinforcing new changes so that they stick? a.Temporal immediacy b.Unfreezing c.Proximity of effect d.Refreezing

d. refreezing

Which of the following is a systematic comparison of different product designs or design iterations? a.Prototype b.Experiential approach to innovation c.Milestone d.Testing

d. testing

As a supervisor at an automobile service center, Jacob is bossy, arrogant, and insensitive to the needs of his subordinates. He is unable to delegate tasks effectively. This scenario illustrates that Jacob has the characteristics of a(n) _____. a.arriver b.empathetic leader c.derailer d.transformational leader

derailer

Relish Inc. is a fruit juice manufacturing company. The company ensures that raw materials are fully utilized. It also makes sure that minimal waste is produced. The juice extracting and packaging units of the company are designed in such a way that the quality of its products is maintained with minimal costs. Relish is involved in achieving _____. a.power b.efficiency c.effectiveness d.autonomy

efficiency

To reduce manual errors, Debronth Inc., a machinery manufacturing company, automated most of its production processes using computer numeric control (CNC) machines. This reduced the labor cost, wastage of raw materials, and rejection of finished goods due to quality issues. In the context of management, the automation of production processes at Debronth Inc. exemplifies _____. a.autonomy b.contingency c.synergy d.efficiency

efficiency

Leon, the leader of the sales team at a company that manufactures baby products, is a good team player and is sensitive to the needs and viewpoints of his team members. Leon most likely possesses high _____. a.conceptual skills b.human skills c.planning skills d.technical skills

human skills

Metta, a bank manager, is referred to as a tough boss by her subordinates because she uses bullying management styles to get things done. She sends intimidating emails to the clerical staff at her branch, she threatens the cashier to tally the cash transactions within a particular time limit, and she is abrasive to her subordinates when they try to justify their actions. In this scenario, which of the following is the most evident management mistake being committed by Metta? a.Insensitivity to others b.Inability to staff effectively c.Being overly ambitious d.Overmanaging

insensitivity to others

In the context of federal regulatory agencies and commissions, which of these stops companies from engaging in unfair workforce practices? a.National Labor Relations Board b.Federal Trade Commission c.Occupational Safety and Health Administration d.Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

national labor relations board

Amanda, the sales manager at an e-commerce fashion site, sets the annual, monthly, and weekly targets of all the salespeople in the company. She sets these targets in such a way that the salespeople work toward achieving the organizational goals. In this scenario, which of the following management functions does Amanda perform? a.Leading b.Controlling c.Organizing d.Planning

planning

Cheizza, a pizza vendor in the country of Wisbane, believes that the taste of fresh cheese in its pizzas is its unique selling point. However, recently there has been a rise in the number of pizza vendors in Wisbane who have also started using fresh cheese to prepare their pizzas. This has led to a drastic increase in the demand for cheese. However, the amount of milk produced in the country is insufficient to meet the increased demand for cheese. In the context of changing environments, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate? a.Punctuated equilibrium b.Discontinuous change c.Buyer dependence d.Resource scarcity

resource scarcity

Which of the following is the abundance or shortage of critical organizational resources in an organization's external environment? a.Resource scarcity b.Resource equilibrium c.Resource leveling d.Resource augmentation

resource scarcity

Ecru Inc. is a company that regularly provides dairy products and meat to a fast-food chain. In this scenario, Ecru Inc. is a(n) _____. a.supplier b.competitor c.buyer d.internal stakeholder

supplier

Chocblur is the only wholesaler of cooking chocolate in the town of Wescanso. Klemmy's, a famous dessert shop in Wescanso, purchases cooking chocolate only from Chocblur because transporting the chocolate from other towns would increase its overall expenses. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? a.Supplier dependence b.Buyer dependence c.Internal dependence d.Path dependence

supplier dependence

Ciana is a certified public accountant. Because of her qualification, she gets a job as the finance manager of a leading manufacturing firm. Which of the following skills is Ciana most likely to possess? a.Conceptual skills b.Technical skills c.Planning skills d.Human skills

technical skills

Paul works at a graphic designing firm. He can efficiently work on various graphic design software. He can create visuals and illustrations as per clients' requirements. This scenario illustrates that Paul has _____. a.negotiation skills b.technical skills c.interpersonal skills d.conceptual skills

technical skills

In the context of creation and maintenance of organizational cultures, a primary source of organizational culture is _____. a.a new employee b.a new customer c.the company founder d.the board of directors

the company founder

According to Linda Hill's study, which of the following is true of managers' initial expectations about their job? a.They think of themselves as managers and not doers. b.They tend to expect a heavy workload. c.They believe that their job is to tell others what to do. d.They think that their job is to be a problem solver for subordinates.

they believe the their job is to tell others what to do