MGMT 320 Chapter 10

Generating short-term wins in Kotter's organizational change model is one of the steps that is most like which part of Lewin's change model?

Changing

Which of the following are the forces for change originating inside the organization?

Employee problems and managers' behavior

Hubris or arrogance born of past success and denial of risk and peril moving forward are associated with radical innovation. True or False?

False, Hubris or arrogance born of past success and denial of risk and peril moving forward are two of the five stages of institutional decline.

Ethics is one of the four primary areas in which organizational change is most often needed. True or False?

False, Models of change reveal four targeted areas in which change is most apt to be needed: people, technology, structure, and strategy.

Demonstrating to others how a new product will be made, how new customers will be reached, or how you'll beat your competitors is most helpful for fostering innovation in which way?

Gaining allies by communicating your vision.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of innovation?

Innovation can be systematized.

Which of the following is one of the ten leading reasons that employees resist change?

Poor timing

Which of the following is not a recommended way to manage innovation and change?

Prevent failure at all cost

There has recently been a social media frenzy regarding the use of "pink slime" as a beef additive, though it has been used safely for many years. Several grocery chains discontinued selling products containing it as part of what type of a response?

Reactive change

The obesity epidemic and the increase in related health problems in the United States would be considered what type of force for change in an organization?

Social pressures

OD intervention strategies may need to be adjusted when implementing them across countries.

True, OD effectiveness is affected by cross-cultural considerations. Thus, an OD intervention that worked in one country should not be blindly applied to a similar situation in another country.

A company that discovers it development costs are twice those of its competitors and reveals this to employees is using benchmarking to assist in the change process. True or False?

True, One technique used in unfreezing organizations is benchmarking, a process by which a company compares its performance with that of high-performing organizations. For example, one company discovered that its costs to develop a computer system were twice those of competitors and that the time to get a new product to market was four times longer. These data were ultimately used to unfreeze employees' attitudes and motivate people to change the organization's internal processes in order to remain competitive.

A consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways is known as a(n)

change agent.

When a grocery store chain adopts a new practice of its competitors by staying open 24 hours a day, requiring employees to work flexible schedules, it is considered a(n) ______ change.

innovative

Organizational development managers and consultants follow a(n) ______ model.

medical-like

Innovation that creates products, services, or technologies that replace existing ones is known as

radical innovation.

When a manager is trying to foster innovation, the first thing he or she should do is

recognize problems and opportunities.

An emotional or behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine is known as

resistance to change

Kotter's steps for change are valuable for mangers who are attempting to bring it about because

they include specific recommendations for behaviors that managers need to exhibit.

In the ______ stage of Lewin's change model, managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of behaviors that are resistant to innovation.

unfreezing