MGMT 320 Chapter 11 Connect Learnsmart

What legislation prohibits discrimination against the disabled and requires organizations to provide reasonable accommodation for an individual's disabilities?

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Which of the following demonstrates racial/ethnic stereotyping?

Connor decided to hire Tiffany for the job instead of Israel because he felt Hispanics were lazy

Which of the following is an example of an organizational demand that creates job-related stress?

Josh comes home from work each night complaining about the lack of lighting and ventilation in the plant

Which of the following are accurate statements about the LGBT community?

LGBTQ-supportive workplace policies can mitigate some of the negative effects of discrimination, over half self report that they feel they have to hide who they are at work, and they receive decreased pay as compared to their straight counterparts

Place the steps in the perceptual process in the correct order, with the first step listed at the top and the last step listed at the bottom. Interpretation and evaluation Retrieving from memory to make judgments and decisions Selective attention Storing in memory

Selective attention Interpretation and evaluation Storing in memory Retrieving from memory to make judgments and decisions

When people tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure, it is called _____________.

a self-serving bias

A person's behavior consists of ______________.

actions and judgments

Depicting older workers as less involved in their work, less motivated, and having higher absenteeism than their younger counterparts in the workplace is a stereotype based on _____________.

age

Which of the following are included in the internal dimensions of diversity?

age, ethnicity, and race

Which of the following is the BEST description of a proactive personality?

an individual who takes initiative and perseveres to influence the environment

A learned predisposition toward a given object is a(n) ______________.

attitude

Travis asked his mother if she thought he should look for a new job because he wasn't happy in his current one. She told him it probably wouldn't matter because he was never happy with any job he had been in. His mother is remarking about Travis's ______________.

attitude

The activity of inferring causes for observed behavior is known as casual ______________.

attribution

Self- ____________ is the ability to read your own emotions and accurately assess your moods so that you know how you are affecting others.

awareness

Annamarie's new job is so stressful that she starts smoking again, even though she had quit smoking several months ago. This is a(n) _____________ symptom of stress.

behavioral

Administrative changes that managers can make to reduce the stressors that lead to employee burnout are called _______________.

buffers

Which of the following are trends in the United States that show that American businesses need to do better with members of racial and ethnic populations?

chances of success are reduced by perceived discrimination, minorities tend to earn less than whites, and many people of color have hit the glass ceiling

_______________ describes the psychological discomfort a person experiences when his or her attitude and behavior are incompatible.

cognitive dissonance

The extent to which an employee identifies an organization and is committed to its goals is known as organizational _______________.

commitment

People in the office can always count on Tyrone to get the job done. He's methodical, detail-oriented, and his work is always completed on time. Which of the Big Five personality dimensions would this illustrate?

conscientiousness

A broad personality trait comprising the personality traits of self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and emotional stability is referred to as a(n) ______________.

core self-evaluation

Rob's employee has been coming back from lunch drunk and performed poorly as a result. This employee is displaying a ____________ work behavior.

counterproductive

It is important to Jan to have a work team that consists of a variety of people from different backgrounds. She wants people from different religions, of different ages, and with a variety of job skills. Jan is concerned with having ________________.

diversity

________________ intelligence involves understanding and managing your feelings and the feelings of those around you.

emotional

The extent to which a person is relatively secure and unworried and how likely she or he is to experience negative emotions under pressure is known as _________________.

emotional stability

To better help employees cope with family and workplace demands, Suzette's employer has a comprehensive program that includes counseling on family matters, financial problems, and drug and alcohol abuse. This is BEST described as a(n) ______________ program.

employee assistance

_______________ is defined as an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work.

employee engagement

Self- ____________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

esteem

______________ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, and/or behavior are superior to those of another culture.

ethnocentrism

Mark failed his last test and blamed it on the fact that the test was poorly written and the room was too noisy for him to concentrate, not because he didn't study for the test. Mark would be said to have a(n) ______________ locus of control.

external

Which Big Five personality dimension is positively correlated with outgoingness and sociability?

extroversion

True or false: Low levels of stress lead to optimal performance.

false

Affective

feelings or emotions one has about a situation

Anita has been experiencing cognitive dissonance because, although she acknowledges that smoking is bad for her health, she continues to smoke. To reduce this cognitive dissonance, she tells herself that smoking helps her to stay thin, so there is at least one positive aspect of her habit. This is an example of which way to reduce cognitive dissonance?

finding consonant elements that outweigh the dissonant ones

In which of the following ways is the U.S. workforce becoming more diverse?

gender, sexual orientation, and race/ethnicity

The "invisible barrier" that prevents minorities and women from being promoted to top executive jobs is metaphorically referred to as the ______________ ______________.

glass ceiling

The debilitating lack of faith in your ability to control your environment is referred to as learned _______________.

helplessness

Stephanie is excited to start her new job. The company not only has great financial benefits but it also has a physical fitness center and a dietitian on staff in the cafeteria. These items represent components of a ____________ wellness program.

holistic

Behavioral

how one intends or expects to respond toward a situation

Which of the following are characteristics of a Type A behavior pattern?

hurried, deadline-focused, and competitive

Managers can reduce turnover in organizations through which of the following ways?

incorporating realistic job previews, providing post-hiring support through onboarding programs, and basing hiring decision on the extent to which the applicants' values match those of the organization

Jolene doesn't believe that "luck happens". She firmly believes that you make your own luck in life by what you do and how you do it. Jolene has a(n) _____________ locus of control.

internal

Alcoholism is associated with which of the following?

is chronic, becomes progressively worse, and is potentially fatal

Trevor knows it is up to him to make the new business plan work. Even if the board of directors steps in to guide the resources, it is still Trevor's job to carry out the plan. Which aspect of a core self-evaluation does Trevor demonstrate?

locus of control

Researchers believe that workplace stress generally affects job performance in which of the following ways?

low levels of stress lead to low performance, high levels of stress lead to low performance, moderate levels of stress lead to optimal performance

Which of the following best illustrates the mismatch between education levels and workforce needs in the United States?

many college graduates are underemployed and working at jobs that require less education than they possess

Which of the following are considered external dimensions of diversity

marital status, religion, parental status, and educational background

Distress

negative stress that can result in anxiety and illness

Marietta's work is suffering because not only is she going through a divorce but also her mother is very ill and needs 24-hour care. What type of job-related stress is Marietta experiencing?

nonwork demands

Which actions should managers take when employees exhibit low self-efficacy?

nurture self-efficacy by giving constructive pointers and positive feedback and reward small successes

With a median age of 37.8 years, managers will likely be facing a(n) ______________ workforce.

older

Tasha loves to travel, especially internationally. She's always eager to see new places, try new things, and learn about different cultures. Which Big Five personality dimension does this illustrate?

openness to experience

In the fundamental attribution bias, people attribute another person's behavior to _____________.

personal characteristics

The stable behavioral and psychological characteristics responsible for a person's identity are known as _______________.

personality

Eustress

positive stress that can stimulate a person to better coping and adaptation

The purpose of the field of organizational behavior is to not only explain workplace behavior but also to ________________ it.

predict

Which element of emotional intelligence reflects your ability to use awareness of your emotions and the emotions of others to manage interactions successfully and build strong, personal bonds with others?

relationship management

Illegal immigrants ______________.

represent only about 5.1% of the civilian workforce

A ______________ is a socially determined expectation of how an individual should behave in a specific position; i.e., a set of behaviors that people expect of occupants of a position.

role

The belief in one's ability to complete a task is called ________________.

self-efficacy

The ____________ - _____________ prophecy occurs when people's expectations of themselves lead them to behave in ways that make those expectations come true.

self-fulfilling

An aspect of emotional intelligence that involves the ability to control one's emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways is called _____________.

self-management

When women are viewed as moody, emotional, and catty, whereas men are seen as strong and powerful, it is an illustration of ______________.

sex-role stereotypes

Hassles

simple irritants, like misplacing things

Strong stressors

situations that can dramatically strain a person's ability to adapt

Louisa seems to have a strong ability to accurately pick up on the emotions of others in the workplace, understand what is going on, and display a keen sense of empathy. Which element of emotional intelligence does this describe?

social awareness

The component of emotional intelligence known as ______________ consists of empathy and organizational intuition, the ability to understand how your emotions and actions affect others within the organization.

social awareness

Role conflict

source of stress that occurs when one feels torn by the different expectations of important people in one's life

Role overload

source of stress that occurs when other's expectations exceed one's ability

Role ambiguity

source of stress that occurs when others' expectations are unknown or unclear

Karen was surprised when her friend said that the man at the first table in the restaurant must be a great basketball player just because he was tall and African American. Karen's friend was making a ______________.

stereotype

Stress is the feeling of tension and pressure; the source of that stress is known as a(n) _________________.

stressor

The key correlates of job satisfaction are which of the following?

stronger motivation, job involvement, and increased life satisfaction

Crisis

sudden occasions of overwhelming terror

Which of the following are common ways that employees express burnout?

taking longer lunch breaks, missed deadlines, and showing indifference to performance

According to Peter Drucker, which of the following accurately describes the current age-related trend in the U.S. workforce?

the United States is the only developed economy to have enough young people available for the workforce

Relationship management

the ability to communicate clearly, disarm conflicts and build strong personal bonds

Self-management

the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity

Self-awareness

the ability to read your own emotions and gauge your moods accurately

Social awareness

the ability to show others that you care and your understanding of how your emotions and actions affect others

Cognitive

the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation

Conscientiousness

the extent to which a person is dependable, reliable, and responsible

Openness to experience

the extent to which a person is imaginative, curious, and broad-minded

Extroversion

the extent to which a person is outgoing, sociable, and assertive

Emotional stability

the extent to which a person is relaxed, secure, and unworried

Agreeableness

the extent to which a person trusting, cooperative, and good-natured

Darren is interviewing for a new administrative assistant. The three people he interviewed include an older woman, a man in a wheelchair, and a recent college graduate with beautiful blond hair. Darren knew just by looking at each candidate which one he would hire. His impression of each person was based on a single trait. This is known as ________________.

the halo effect

Kayla has made her sales quota every month during the past year except for last month. When her boss conducts her performance appraisal, he focuses on this factor, rather than looking at her sales performance during the previous 11 months. This is an example of ______________.

the recency effect

True or false: Organizational citizenship behaviors are those behaviors not directly part of the employees' job descriptions that exceed their work-role requirements.

true

True or false: relationship management refers to the ability to communicate clearly and convincingly, disarm conflicts, and build strong personal bonds.

true

Absenteeism is thought to be a precursor of _____________, when employees permanently leave their jobs.

turnover

______________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.

values

There remains a customer bias in favor of ________________.

white men

Which of the following would be characterized as organizational dimensions of diversity?

work location, management status, and union affiliation