Physics Final
The charge on alkali metal ions is
+1
The charge on halogen ions is
-1
A 2-kg book is held 1 m above the floor for 50 s. The work done is
0
The longest of the following is
0.00001 km.
A meter is not equal to
0.01 km.
A centimeter is
0.01 m.
A car starts from rest and reaches a speed of 12 m/s in 20 s. Its acceleration is
0.6 m/s2.
The quantum number n of the lowest energy state of a hydrogen atom
1
The number of covalent bonds possible between two carbon atoms in an organic molecule is
1, 2 or 3
The time needed for a planet to orbit the sun
depends on the average distance of the planet from the sun.
An example of a covalent solid is
diamond
Of the following, the highest index of refraction is found in
diamond
The bending of waves around the edge of an obstacle in their path is an example of
diffraction.
Relative to the stars, the moon seems to move
eastward
Each dash in the structural formula of an organic molecule represents a shared
electron pair
Oxidation-reduction reactions involve the transfer between the reacting substances of
electrons.
The mass of a positron is
equal to the mass of the electron
The fact that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers is known as the
exclusion principle
The decomposition of an unstable compound usually
exothermic
Of the following problems associated with various energy sources, the least significant for nuclear fission is
fuel reserves
At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, ammonia is a
gas whose formula is NH3
In the United States, bioethanol from corn is added to gasoline for vehicle fuel because
government subsidies and tariffs favor its production and use.
Ethanol
has OH groups in its molecules.
In organic chemistry, an aromatic compound
has benzene rings in its molecules
The least active of the following nonmetals is
helium
When the sun, the earth, and the moon are all in line,
high tides are higher than usual and low tides are lower than usual.
Environmental concerns are the most important factor in limiting the expansion of which of the following energy sources?
hydropower
When first proposed, a scientific idea is usually called a
hypothesis
Which one or more of the following is not a unit of energy?
incorrect 8: ampere-hour
A method of compressing fuel for a nuclear fusion reactor that is not being studied uses
incorrect 8: laser beams
The number of values the spin magnetic quantum number ms of an atomic electron can have is
incorrect 9: 1
Matter waves are
incorrect 9: associated with all particles
In order to increase the rate at which photoelectrons are emitted by a surface on which light is directed, it is necessary to increase the
incorrect 9: frequency of the light
An increase in the voltage applied to an X-ray tube causes an increase in the X-rays'
incorrect 9: number
Each probability cloud in an atom can be occupied by
incorrect 9: only one electron
The light waves from a laser
incorrect 9: spread out to form a wide beam
The strongest bonds are
incorrect chapter 11: ionic
The yield of the product C in the reversible reaction A + B Picture C + energy can be increased by
incorrect chapter 12: increasing the temperature.
The alcohols are organic equivalents of inorganic
incorrect chapter 13: acids should be bases
Of the following acids, the one that dissociates least in water solution is
incorrect chapter 13: hydrochloric
Plutonium
incorrect chapter 8: has a larger atomic number than uranium.
A reactor does not produce
incorrect chapter 8: neutrons
The wave character of a moving golf ball is not observed because
incorrect chapter 9: the matter waves are moving too fast
When a molecule breaks up into its constituent atoms,
incorrect chapter10: any of these choices could be correct, depending on the molecule.
A 1-N weight has a KE of 1 J when its speed is
incorrect: 1.4 m/s should be 4.43 m/s?
A 100-kg astronaut ejects 4 g of gas from her propulsion pistol at a speed of 50 m/s. Her recoil speed is
incorrect: 2mm/s should be 2 m/s 2000 mm/s?
When a planet is farthest from the sun in its orbit,
incorrect: any of the choices should be: its speed is least
As a spacecraft moves upward,
incorrect: its mass decreases new answer: its weight decreases
A particle never emitted in beta decay is the
incorrect: ch 8 positron
The image the lens of the eye forms on the retina is
incorrect: ch7 real and erect should be real and inverted?
Of the following particles, the one with the smallest mass is the
incorrect: chapter 8 electron
With increasing temperature, the solubility of a solid in a liquid
increases
A car whose speed is a steady 50 km/h
is accelerated when it climbs a hill, goes over the crest, and descends on the other side.
The charge on an electron
is always the same
Astrology
is nonsense
The ongoing evolution of living things
is one of the basic concepts of biology.
When the speed of a moving object is halved,
its momentum is halved.
What distinguishes the scientific method from other ways of looking at the natural world is
its reliance on experiment and observation.
When heat is added to a body of matter, the resulting temperature increase does not depend upon
its shape
Compact fluorescent light bulbs are more efficient than incandescent light bulbs
last longer
A regularity in observed data or a relationship between different quantities is usually called a
law
A compass needle tends to
line up parallel to a magnetic field.
The lower the frequency of a sound wave, the
longer its wavelength
Atoms of two different elements
may form no compounds together
Arrange the following planets in the order of their distance from the sun. 1. Venus 2. Mars 3. Earth 4. Mercury
mercury venus earth mars
Heat conduction is most efficient in
metals
The largest number of elements are classed as
metals
The structural elements of a polymer are called
monomers
The narrower the wave packet of a particle is, the
more precisely its position can be established.
Scientific theories
must be constantly reviewed to see whether they are in accord with new experimental observations.
Methane is the chief constituent of
natural gas.
Pure acids in the liquid state consist of
neutral molecules
An example of an exothermic process is the
neutralization of an acid by a base.
Ionic compounds in the solid state
never consist of molecules
Photons have
no charge
The weight of an object
none of the choices are correct
The period of the earth's orbit around the sun is
one year
An oxide decomposed by heating will give
oxygen and another element
In a transverse wave, the individual particles of the medium move
perpendicular to the direction of travel.
Nuclear fission can occur in
plutonium
The process by which small molecules join together to form larger ones is called
polymerization
The volt is the unit of electric
potential difference
the watt is a unit of
power
Buoyancy occurs because, as the depth in a fluid increases, the fluid's
pressure increases
Amino acids are the basic units of
proteins
DNA controls the development and functioning of a cell by governing its manufacture of
proteins
Muscles consist mainly of
proteins
The uncertainty principle is a fundamental part of
quantum mechanics
The most important single source of radiation dosage received by an average person in the United States is
radon
Light of which of the following colors has the lowest frequency?
red
At room temperature, bromine is a
reddish brown liquid
The ionosphere
reflects radio waves
As a sample of a radioactive nuclide decays, its half-life
remains the same
A rocket is fired in space. As it moves, the total momentum of the rocket and its exhaust gases
remains the same.
A refrigerator
removes heat from a region and moves it elsewhere
A positive electric charge
repels other positive charges
Gravity is not
responsible for holding atoms and molecules together.
In the distant past, the length of the day was
shorter than 24 hours
When a supersaturated solution is disturbed,
some of its solute may crystallize out of solution.
An example of a purely longitudinal wave is a
sound wave.
Which of the following quantities is always the same to all observers?
speed of light
A chemical equilibrium occurs when the
speed of the forward reaction equals the speed of the reverse reaction.
Plants store energy in the form of
starch
Protons and neutrons are held together to form nuclei by the
strong interaction
An example of an ionic solid is
table salt
A day is the time needed for
the earth to turn completely on its axis
A saturated solution contains
the maximum concentration of solute.
The acceleration of gravity on the surface of Mars is 3.7 m/s2. Compared with his or her mass and weight on Earth, an astronaut on Mars has
the same mass and less weight.
Of the following, a molecule is best described as
the smallest particle of a substance that is representative of the substance.
A year is the time needed for
the sun to drift completely around the sky.
Ball A is thrown horizontally and ball B is thrown upward.
they have the same downward acceleration
Direct electric current cannot be used to operate
transformers
In most parts of the world high tides occur approximately
twice a day.
A solid conductor is one
whose electrons are free to move about.
If the earth were to revolve on its axis slower than it does today, its shape
would be closer to a perfect sphere
A 1-kg mass has a KE of 1 J when its speed is
1.4m/s
A total of 4900 J is expended in lifting a 50-kg mass. The mass is raised to a height of
10 m
A net horizontal force of 2000 N is applied to an 800-kg car at rest. The car's speed after 5 s will be
12.5 m/s
the mass number of the nucleus 15/7N is
15
A 2-kg brick has the dimensions 7.5 cm × 15 cm × 30 cm. The pressure the brick exerts when standing on its smallest face is
178 pa
A mast is 60 ft tall. The SI equivalent of this height is
18.3 m.
A 430-g soccer ball lying on the ground is kicked with a force of 800 N. If the kick lasts 0.01 s, the ball flies off with a speed of
18.6m/s
The atomic mass of N is 14 u and that of Ca is 40 u. The proportion of N by mass in the compound Ca3N2 is
19 percent
Which one or more of the following pairs of displacements cannot be added to give a resultant displacement of 2 m?
1m and 4m
A net force of 10 N gives an object an acceleration of 5 m/s2. What net force would give the same object an acceleration of 1 m/s2?
2 N
The mass of a sack of potatoes whose weight is 200 N is
20.4 kg
The number of moles of O2 needed to react with 10 moles of C2H2 in the reaction 2C2 H2 + 5O2 → 4CO2 + 2 H2O is
25
A ball whose momentum is mv strikes a wall and bounces off. The change in the ball's momentum is
2mv
The number of quantum numbers needed to determine the size and shape of the probability cloud of an atomic electron is
3
The number of quarks in a proton or a neutron is
3
The average salinity of seawater is about
3.5 percent
A 1200-kg car is traveling at 10 m/s on a road such that the maximum frictional force between its tires and the road is 4000 N. The minimum turning radius of the car is
30 m
A double bond between two carbon atoms involves the sharing of a total of
4 electrons
A ship travels 20 km to the south and then 40 km to the west. The ship's displacement from its starting point is
45 km.
A temperature of 120°F is almost exactly
49 c
The speed of an object moving in a circle is doubled. The centripetal force needed is
4x as much as before
The work done in lifting 30 kg of bricks to a height of 20 m on a building under construction is
5880 J
The number of carbon atoms in a benzene ring is
6
The number of electrons shared among the carbon atoms in a benzene ring is
6
When a nucleus of the copper isotope 64/29Cu captures an electron, it becomes
64/28Ni
A sedentary person requires about 6 million J of energy per day. This rate of energy consumption is equivalent to about
70w
The power rating of an electric motor that draws a current of 3 A when operated at 240 V is
720 W
An electric iron draws a current of 15 A when connected to a 120-V power source. Its resistance is
8ohms
The mass of a 2000-lb elephant is
909 kg
Heat can be transferred through a liquid by which one or more of the following?
A B and C
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
All scalar quantities have directions.
One or more factors that today prevent the widespread use of hydrogen as a fuel is/are
Both A and D
A double helix structure is characteristic of
DNA
A frequency that is not an overtone of the fundamental frequency F is
F/2
Stars and planets are round because
Gravity forces them into this shape
Potassium forms K+ ions and sulfur forms S2- ions. The formula of potassium sulfide is
K2S
The discovery that the planetary orbits are ellipses rather than circles was made by
Kepler
A planet not visible to the naked eye is
Neptune
Which of the following statements is true?
The moon is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the sun's influence modifying the tidal range.
A current-carrying wire is in a magnetic field with the direction of the current perpendicular to that of the field.
The wire tends to move perpendicular to the field.
The process of pair production cannot produce
a neutron and a neutrino.
Nylon is an example of
a polymer
The individual particles in a metal are held together as a result of
a sea of freely moving electrons.
Which one or more of the following effects occur in all types of wave?
all of the above
A constellation is
an apparent pattern of stars in the sky.
A nucleus increases in atomic number when it emits
an electron
The reaction of an alcohol with an organic acid produces
an ester
An atom whose outer electron shell is filled is
an inert gas
The pressure at the bottom of a barrel filled with liquid does not depend on the
area of the liquid surface
High tides occur
as often as low tides
If radium and chlorine combine to form radium chloride, the compound is
as radioactive as its radium content.
A barometer measures
atmospheric pressure
The nucleus of an atom cannot be said to
be electrically neutral
When a magnetized iron bar is strongly heated, its magnetic field
becomes weaker
An enzyme is a
biological catalyst
Which one or more of the following can be explained by the electromagnetic theory of light?
both A and B
Ammonia gas dissolves in water and can react according to the equation NH3 + H2O Picture NH4+ OH-. The amount of ammonium ion in solution will be increased by which one or more of the following?
both A and D
Which one or more of the following is a vector quantity?
both a and b
Which of the following are the chief acids in acid rain?
both a and c
Which statement(s) apply(ies) to nuclear fusion?
both a and c
The fossil fuels that are the least and most polluting to burn are respectively
both a and d
A moving object must have which one or more of the following?
both b c and d
Eventually, if bioethanol remains in use, it will probably be made from
cellulose
The bright-line spectrum produced by the excited atoms of an element contains wavelengths that are
characteristic of the particular element.
A beam of light whose waves are all in step with one another is said to be
coherent
