MGMT CH. 10

________________________: OD experts can help integrate two firms with varying cultures, products, and procedures

Adapting to mergers

_______________ innovations enhance or upgrade an existing product, service, or process. • These types of innovations are often ________________ and are less likely to generate significant amounts of new revenue.

Improvement, incremental

__________________: An OD expert or "executive coach" can help advise on how to improve relationships within the organization

Managing conflict

___________________ innovations are a totally new or different approach to a product, service, process or industry. • The invention of breakthrough products or services that are aimed at creating brand new markets and customers.

New-direction

An emotional or behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine.

Resistance to change

_______________________: OD experts can help by opening communication, fostering innovation, and dealing with stress.

Revitalizing organizations

At the Big Peaches Department Store, employees generally know that during annual inventory they are required to work overnight shifts. This is an example of a(n) __________ change. A. adaptive B. reactive C. innovative D. proactive

adaptive

What are the three types of change?

adaptive, innovative, radically innovative

___________________ change: Least threatening-reintro to a familiar practice __________________ change: Somewhat a threat-Intro of a practice that is new to the organization _________________ change: Very threatening-involves introducing a practice that is new to the industry

adaptive, innovative, radically innovative

A consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways. a. organizations development b. change agent

change agent

Fred, an OD consultant, is designing a survey of employee attitudes to be given to workers at the Lemon Automobile Company. Fred is in the _________ stage of OD. A. intervention B. diagnosis C. evaluation D. process consultation

diagnosis

What is the cycle for OD?

diagnosis, intervention, evaluation, feedback (repeats)

What contributes to resistance to change?

employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, change agent-employee relationship

What can OD be used for?

managing conflict, revitalizing organizations, adapting to mergers

Inputs are the organization _____________ statement, vision statement, strategic plan, and analysis of readiness for change.

mission

Set of techniques for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective a. organizations development b. change agent

organizations development

What three levels are change designed for

organizations, group, or individual

Reasons employees resist change 1. Individual's ______________ toward change. 2. Surprise and fear of the unknown. 3. Climate of mistrust. 4. Fear of ___________. 5. Loss of status or job security. 6. Peer ______________. 7. Disruption of cultural traditions or group relationships. 8. Personality conflicts. 9. Lack of tact or poor timing. 10. Non-reinforcing reward system.

predisposition, failure, pressure

It involves making carefully thought-out changes in anticipation of possible or expected problems. a. reactive change b. proactive (planned) change

proactive

Wendy's created display screens at its drive-through windows that show customers their orders and prices. This is an example of a(n) _________ innovation. A. product B. process C. adaptive D. reactive

process

Change in the way a product is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated. a. Product innovation b. Process innovation

process innovation

Change in the appearance or performance of a product or the creation of a new one. a. Product innovation b. Process innovation

product innovation

Making changes in response to problems or opportunities as they arise. a. reactive change b. proactive (planned) change

reactive

Tony, the owner of Cirodi Pasta restaurant on Cape Cod is open during the "high season" from May until October. He has always hired college students on summer vacation. In recent years, the number of workers who quit mid-summer has risen significantly. When he asks, they say they are quitting because they "have enough money" or "want the time off". This is probably an example of a(n)_____ change. A. market B. social or political C. economic D. technological

social or political

List the steps of Lewin's change model

unfreezing, changing, refreezing