MGMT ch 7 cengage

negotiation-

a cab company manger wants his employees to change their work shifts so that they work 6 hours per day, 6 days per week. the cab drivers who are currently working 9 hours per day, 4 days per week, are not happy with the idea. eventually, after much bargaining, the manager and employees agree that the drivers will work 7 hours and 12 min per day, 5 days per week

education and communication-

a new manager is trying to get his company to switch from installing conventional wood fencing to installing concrete freeway barriers. the manager's first step is to set up meetings with all employees to outline changes in the marketplace and show how much more money the company and employees can earn with the new product

identify the mistakes mangers typically make in the unfreezing part of the change management process. check all that apply

-not creating a powerful enough guiding coalition -not establishing a great enough sense of urgency

managers cannot demand innovation, but they can create environments that are conducive to innovation. which of the following actions would marsalis recommend that managers take to spur innovation in organizations? check all that apply

-provide employees with training to increase their skills -give creative people the opportunity to interact with one another -have less experienced employees work with more experienced employees

companies use technology cycles and innovation streams for which of the following purposes?

-to create a competitive advantage -to respond to environmental change -to protect themselves from strategic threats

a palpable energy is released when inspiration and dedication come together in a creative art. that energy is transformative in an individual who is innovative, but it is transcendent when manifested by a group. there are no words for the dynamic thrill of participating in a mutual mosaic of creativity. remember you don't have to earn your creativity- you were born with it. we are all potential artists, and artists cultivate their creativity obsessively, compelled by the need to create the feeling of community anywhere they can- in the subway, at a picnic, after dinner, even at a business convention. the feeing of giving enjoyment and enlightment to the same human beings you have taken inspiration from is addictive. when kids think innovation is the only way to be successful, unrealistic expectations prevent them from embracing the fundamentals of the art. it's as if they think listening to charlie parker will somehow compel them to play like him (they don't need to worry; they won't) if a musician doesn't love anything or want to be influenced by anything, he or she will never really experience the transcendent power of art. believe it or not, some think that interacting with the music is like sleeping with the enemy, because its great achievements might influence their sound and sully their virginal, fresh concepts. which of the following pieces of advice for developing a creative organization is contrary to Marsalis's advice?

assign non-specialists to problems

environmental change requires organizational __, if the company is to be a success

change

__ are forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time

change forces

__ is the process used to get workers and managers to change their behaviors and work practices.

change intervention

in the context of managing resistance to change, __ is the process used to get workers and mangers to change their behaviors and work practices

change intervention

in the context of organizational development, the purpose of large-system interventions is to:

change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department

in the context of resistance to change, __ is the use of formal power and authority to force others to change

coercion

in the context of organizational decline, which of the following is true of the crisis stage?

companies lack the resources to fully change how they run their businesses

__ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged

creative work environments

in the __, bankruptcy or dissolution is likely to occur unless the company completely reorganizes the way it does business

crisis stage

technological substitution occurs when:

customers purchase new products to replace older technologies

ex- a barcode scanning device manufacturer tried several times to update its products, but each of the attempts failed, leaving the company weaker and weaker in the process. now, unless something remarkable happens, the company is facing bankruptcy

decline stage- crisis

ex- an automobile dealership that has always had success with homemade advertisements finds it difficult to switch to a professional advertising agency, despite the fact that consumers are becoming more sophistiated

decline stage- inaction

__ is a new technological design or process that becomes the accepted market standard

dominant design

endoscopic surgery will become the __ when most physicians prefer it to older, more invasive surgical procedures

dominant design

which of the following is a difference between experiential approach to innovation and compression approach to innovation?

experiential approach is used to establish a new dominant design, whereas compression approach is used to improve the function of the existing dominant design

the tennis player was in a state of __ when his concentration was intense and he felt that he was playing almost effortlessly. before he knew it, three hours had passed as if they were minutes

flow

__ is a change that occurs when incremental improvements are made to a dominant technological design such that the improved version of the technology is fully backward compatible with the older version

generational change

one example of __ is that new versions of microsoft's office products such as word and powerpoint allow users to read documents produced in older versions of the products

generational change

which of the following statements is true of resistance to change?

it decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support

which of the following best defines the general electric workout?

it is a three-day meeting in which managers and employees from different levels and parts of an organization quickly generate and act on solutions to specific business problems

which of the following best defines results-driven change?

it is the change created quickly by focusing on the measurement and improvement of results

which of the following statements is true of technological lockout?

it occurs when a new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products

innovation is a never ending process.

it starts with a technological breakthrough or discontinuity that leads to a jump in performance or discontinuous change. once the new technology is established, it becomes the dominant design, and only incremental changes are made until technological substitution takes place, a new technology emerges and the cycle starts again

which of the following statements is true of experiential approach to innovation?

it uses intuition and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning

in the context of organizational decline, which of the following is true of the blinded stage?

key managers fail to recognize the internal or external changes that will harm their organizations

in an organization, organizational encouragement of creativity occurs when

management encourages risk taking and new ideas

it takes __ to turn a creative idea into a saleable product

organizational innovation

the compression approach of innovation management is used in:

periods of incremental change

kelhouse corp. specializes in mobile computing devices. it has developed a working model of a cell phone charger that can charge the battery of a cell phone in less than 15 min. this model is being tested for desing, function, and reliability. in the context of the experiential approach to innovation, the working model is a(n) __

product prototype

according to lewin, the third step in behavioral change is __

refreezing

in the context of managing resistance to change, __ is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick

refreezing

when an employee refuses to learn a new technique for doing her job because she feels it will slow her down, her __ is based on self-interest

resistance to change

in the innovation stream, __ occurs when a new technique is developed that leads to greatly improved performance

technological discontinuity

in the experiential approach to innovation, __ occurs when a new product is compared to an existing product

testing

in the context of organizational decline, which of the following is true of the dissolution stage?

the company is dissolved through bankruptcy proceedings

top management support

the manager who asks his boss for a video endorsement is counting on top-management support to overcome resistance to change. when people see that senior managers support the change, they are likely to go along with it. senior management support is especially effective when a change is made that affects several different departments

which of the following is true of design competition?

the older technology usually improves significantly in response to the competitive treat from the new technologies

which of the following is an error that mangers make during the unfreezing stage?

they do not establish a great enough sense of urgency

which of the following is an error that mangers make in the change phase?

they undercommunicate the vision by a factor of ten

babette is a manger at a fast-food outlet. recently, her employees have been coming in late, and she wants to change their behavior. when babette shoes her employees a chart indicating how many times people have been late to work by at least 15 min in the past 2 months, and they start to see what a problem their behavior has caused, the employees are in the __ part of the change process

unfreezing