MGMT Chapter 10 (Quiz 3)

What are the target elements of change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Social factors -Methods -People -Financial factors -Outputs -Organizational arrangements

-Social factors -Methods -People -Organizational arrangements

Jane is planning to implement the same work scheduling system in the accounting department that her company uses in the retail division. Which type of change does this represent?

Adaptive change

What is the first step in organizational development?

Diagnosis

What is a common cause of employee resistance to change?

Disruption of group relationships

Which of the following is a purpose of organization development?

Managing conflict

Which of the following is example of an adaptive change in an organization?

Reintroducing a practice familiar to the organization

What are companies doing to respond effectively to the increasing segmentation of the marketplace?

Using more narrowly targeted marketing messages

An innovative culture is a place where failures are ______ the organization's culture.

an accepted part of

Organizational development can be used to manage ______ within an organization.

conflict

Organizational ______ is a set of techniques for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective.

development

The common term used to describe the techniques for implementing planned change to make people and companies more effective is called organizational ______.

development

Managers use the four levers of targeting elements of change to ______.

diagnose problems

Self-compassion is best described as ______.

gentleness with yourself

People's reaction to change depends largely on ______.

how they were taught to handle change as children

Employees are more likely to resist change if ______.

it is a surprise

Min's company is implementing a new product approval system that is far more complex and restrictive than the old system. This will not affect Min directly because she is in the Marketing department, but it will affect her friend Tyler, who is in the Research and Design department. As a result, Min speaks out against the new system. This is an example of resistance to change due to ______.

peer pressure

Changing the appearance or the performance of a product or a service, or creating a new one, is called ______ innovation.

product

Making changes in response to problems or opportunities as they arise, rather than attempting to foresee them, is referred to as ______ change.

reactive

As more and more companies become proficient at bringing products and services to market, ______ is emerging as a necessary and powerful competitive weapon.

speed

What are the parts of a systems model of change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Regulation -Directives -Outputs -Target elements of change -Inputs

-Outputs -Target elements of change -Inputs

Which type of change implementation makes employees feel the least threatened?

Adaptive change

Which of the following best describes "demassification"?

Segmenting customer groups into smaller, more specialized groups

How do organizational consultants carry out a diagnosis? (Choose every correct answer.) -By interviewing the competition -By consulting company records -By attending meetings and performing direct observation -By using surveys and questionnaires

-By consulting company records -By attending meetings and performing direct observation -By using surveys and questionnaires

What are two factors that contribute to resistance to change? -Competitor characteristics -Market characteristics -Change agent characteristics -Employee characteristics

-Change agent characteristics -Employee characteristics

Which of the following should organizational structure and internal processes foster to help promote innovation? (Choose every correct answer.) -Cross-functional communication -Interest in the market -Collaboration -Agility

-Cross-functional communication -Collaboration -Agility

Match each step in the organization development process with the type of question that it answers. -Diagnosis -Intervention -Evaluation -Feedback

-Diagnosis: What is the problem? -Intervention: What should we do to fix it? -Evaluation: How well has the intervention worked? -Feedback: How can the diagnosis and intervention be further refined?

Which of the following are among the seven components of fostering innovation? (Choose every correct answer.) -Establishing the required structure and processes -Establishing a firm hierarchy, with mechanisms of control at all levels -Instituting the necessary human resource policies, practices, and procedures -Creating a climate of employee complacency -Creating an innovation strategy -Getting commitment from top managers

-Establishing the required structure and processes -Getting commitment from top managers -Creating an innovation strategy -Instituting the necessary human resource policies, practices, and procedures

Which factors commonly cause employees to resist change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Fear of the unknown -Familiarity with innovation -Loss of status or job security -Peer pressure

-Fear of the unknown -Loss of status or job security -Peer pressure

Which factors are likely to cause resistance to change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Preservation of cultural traditions -Reinforcement of rewards systems -Fears about job security -The potential for loss of status

-Fears about job security -The potential for loss of status

Which of the following statements about self-affirmation are true? (Choose every correct answer.) -It is a positive statement that helps you focus on goals. -It is a commitment that you make to yourself. -It is a way of dismissing the beliefs of others. -It is a way of getting rid of negative thoughts.

-It is a positive statement that helps you focus on goals. -It is a way of getting rid of negative thoughts.

Which statements about openness to change are true? (Choose every correct answer.) -It is an example of an important career readiness competency. -It typically leads to positive work outcomes for the employee. -It is a characteristic possessed by managers, but not by employees. -It is critical for the success of organizational change.

-It is an example of an important career readiness competency. -It typically leads to positive work outcomes for the employee. -It is critical for the success of organizational change

Which of the following are increased by employee openness to change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Workplace annoyances -Job satisfaction -Relationship disruption -Continuous learning

-Job satisfaction -Continuous learning

What is achieved by integration of innovation activities into business strategies? (Choose every correct answer.) -Human capital resources are drastically increased. -Management is encouraged to dedicate resources to innovation. -Employees feel committed to innovation in the organization. -Innovation by the competition becomes irrelevant.

-Management is encouraged to dedicate resources to innovation. -Employees feel committed to innovation in the organization.

What are three things that can help you achieve more self-compassion? -Embrace a narrow self-view. -Remember you are not alone. -Avoid group relationships. -Practice self-kindness. -Engage in mindfulness meditation.

-Remember you are not alone. -Practice self-kindness. -Engage in mindfulness meditation.

Which of the following are supertrends that are currently affecting the future of business? (Choose every correct answer.) -The overall speed of product releases is decreasing. -Simple, one-size-fits-all solutions are becoming more popular. -The way we work is being impacted by offshore suppliers. -Competitive advantage is coming increasingly from knowledge, not from information.

-The way we work is being impacted by offshore suppliers. -Competitive advantage is coming increasingly from knowledge, not from information.

What are the stages of the Lewin model for change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Shattering -Unfreezing -Changing -Refreezing

-Unfreezing -Changing -Refreezing

Match each stage of Lewin's model of change with its description. -Unfreezing -Changing -Refreezing

-Unfreezing: Creating the motivation to change -Changing: Introducing new information, perspectives, and ways of doing things -Refreezing: Supporting and reinforcing the new behavior

Place the steps in the OD process in the correct order, with the first step listed at the top.

1. Diagnosis 2. Intervention 3. Evaluation 4. Feedback

Place the stages of Lewin's model of change in the correct order, with the first stage listed at the top and the final stage listed at the bottom.

1. Unfreezing 2. Changing 3. Refreezing

Which statement about the need for faster speed-to-market is true?

Competitors may be in and out of the market within days.

Which of the following is a tactic increasingly used by companies to help them innovate and involves soliciting contributions from many people, often via the Internet, in order to collect needed services, ideas, or content?

Crowdsourcing

Factors such as the increasing number of women in the workforce and the growing number of older workers exemplify which force for change outside the organization?

Demographic characteristics

Which of the following is a demographic characteristic that is a force for change outside the organization?

Education

Ted's company has recently reorganized. He has been reassigned into a new role for which he feels unprepared, and he is not sure that he can handle his new responsibilities. Which of the following best describes the reason why Ted is resisting the change?

Fear of failure

At Hudson Food Company, managers permit experimentation, risk taking, and tolerate failure. Which step of supporting innovation does this represent?

Fostering an innovative culture and climate

Which of the following is a common cause of employee resistance to change?

Peer pressure

Which statement about organizational development is true?

Successful organizational development usually involves multiple interventions.

True or false: Multiple organizational development interventions have been found to work better than single interventions.

True

The company Tonya works for has been eliminating jobs in order to reduce costs, but the CEO was recently given a bonus of several million dollars. The likely cause of her resistance to the current organizational change is ______.

a climate of mistrust

Managers can reduce mistrust and resistance to change by ______.

being open and honest about changes

One assumption that is central to a systems approach to change is that change ______.

creates a ripple effect through an organization

Inessa has worked as part of a four-person development team for several years. Recently, however, one of her coworkers transferred to a different office and a replacement was hired. Inessa and her other long-term teammates are having a hard time accepting the new employee. This is most likely due to ______.

disruption of the group relationship

Sometimes changes on the job are intimidating and lead to self-doubt. In this case, employees are most likely to resist change due to ______.

fear of failure

Miriam's mother was in the army, so as a child, Miriam moved a lot. It was rare for her to spend more than a year in any location, which meant she was always the new girl in school and had a hard time making friends. She was often lonely and unhappy as a result. Recently, Miriam's company decided to move into a new building and reorganize the different departments. Miriam is likely to be resistant to this change because ______.

her childhood predisposed her to dislike change

The process of creating something new that can be applied profitably is referred to as ______.

innovation

A plan for being innovative that requires a company to integrate its innovation activities and business strategies is a(n) ______.

innovation strategy

A set of interdependent processes, practices, and structures that dictate how a company seeks out problems and solutions, synthesizes ideas into a business concept and product design, and chooses projects for funding is a(n) ______.

innovation system

Andre's company is restructuring, and he is unhappy about it. As a result of the restructuring, Andre will be managing four employees instead of nine. He is most likely resistant to the change because it ______.

is resulting in a loss of status

Innovations must be ______.

novel

Carson always feels like he is "putting out fires" at work and does not get an opportunity to figure out where problems might arise before they occur. Carson is dealing with ______ change.

reactive

An emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine is known as ______.

resistance to change

Positive statements that help you focus on goals, program your subconscious mind, and eliminate negative beliefs are referred to as ______.

self-affirmations

Although commitment from all members of an organization is important, if ______ in particular are not committed to achieving the organization's innovation goals, the goals are unlikely to be achieved.

senior leaders

Increasing segmentation of the marketplace and the need to get products to market faster in light of competitors' specialized solutions are examples of ______ currently influencing the future of business.

supertrends

Manufacturing automation and office automation are examples of ______ that are forces for change outside the organization.

technological advancements

Any machine or process that enables an organization to gain a competitive advantage in changing materials used to produce a finished product qualifies as ______.

technology

Achievement of strategic goals through organization development is likely to fail if ______.

top managers are not committed