MGMT Chapter 10 (Quiz 3)
What are the target elements of change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Social factors -Methods -People -Financial factors -Outputs -Organizational arrangements
-Social factors -Methods -People -Organizational arrangements
Jane is planning to implement the same work scheduling system in the accounting department that her company uses in the retail division. Which type of change does this represent?
Adaptive change
What is the first step in organizational development?
Diagnosis
What is a common cause of employee resistance to change?
Disruption of group relationships
Which of the following is a purpose of organization development?
Managing conflict
Which of the following is example of an adaptive change in an organization?
Reintroducing a practice familiar to the organization
What are companies doing to respond effectively to the increasing segmentation of the marketplace?
Using more narrowly targeted marketing messages
An innovative culture is a place where failures are ______ the organization's culture.
an accepted part of
Organizational development can be used to manage ______ within an organization.
conflict
Organizational ______ is a set of techniques for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective.
development
The common term used to describe the techniques for implementing planned change to make people and companies more effective is called organizational ______.
development
Managers use the four levers of targeting elements of change to ______.
diagnose problems
Self-compassion is best described as ______.
gentleness with yourself
People's reaction to change depends largely on ______.
how they were taught to handle change as children
Employees are more likely to resist change if ______.
it is a surprise
Min's company is implementing a new product approval system that is far more complex and restrictive than the old system. This will not affect Min directly because she is in the Marketing department, but it will affect her friend Tyler, who is in the Research and Design department. As a result, Min speaks out against the new system. This is an example of resistance to change due to ______.
peer pressure
Changing the appearance or the performance of a product or a service, or creating a new one, is called ______ innovation.
product
Making changes in response to problems or opportunities as they arise, rather than attempting to foresee them, is referred to as ______ change.
reactive
As more and more companies become proficient at bringing products and services to market, ______ is emerging as a necessary and powerful competitive weapon.
speed
What are the parts of a systems model of change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Regulation -Directives -Outputs -Target elements of change -Inputs
-Outputs -Target elements of change -Inputs
Which type of change implementation makes employees feel the least threatened?
Adaptive change
Which of the following best describes "demassification"?
Segmenting customer groups into smaller, more specialized groups
How do organizational consultants carry out a diagnosis? (Choose every correct answer.) -By interviewing the competition -By consulting company records -By attending meetings and performing direct observation -By using surveys and questionnaires
-By consulting company records -By attending meetings and performing direct observation -By using surveys and questionnaires
What are two factors that contribute to resistance to change? -Competitor characteristics -Market characteristics -Change agent characteristics -Employee characteristics
-Change agent characteristics -Employee characteristics
Which of the following should organizational structure and internal processes foster to help promote innovation? (Choose every correct answer.) -Cross-functional communication -Interest in the market -Collaboration -Agility
-Cross-functional communication -Collaboration -Agility
Match each step in the organization development process with the type of question that it answers. -Diagnosis -Intervention -Evaluation -Feedback
-Diagnosis: What is the problem? -Intervention: What should we do to fix it? -Evaluation: How well has the intervention worked? -Feedback: How can the diagnosis and intervention be further refined?
Which of the following are among the seven components of fostering innovation? (Choose every correct answer.) -Establishing the required structure and processes -Establishing a firm hierarchy, with mechanisms of control at all levels -Instituting the necessary human resource policies, practices, and procedures -Creating a climate of employee complacency -Creating an innovation strategy -Getting commitment from top managers
-Establishing the required structure and processes -Getting commitment from top managers -Creating an innovation strategy -Instituting the necessary human resource policies, practices, and procedures
Which factors commonly cause employees to resist change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Fear of the unknown -Familiarity with innovation -Loss of status or job security -Peer pressure
-Fear of the unknown -Loss of status or job security -Peer pressure
Which factors are likely to cause resistance to change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Preservation of cultural traditions -Reinforcement of rewards systems -Fears about job security -The potential for loss of status
-Fears about job security -The potential for loss of status
Which of the following statements about self-affirmation are true? (Choose every correct answer.) -It is a positive statement that helps you focus on goals. -It is a commitment that you make to yourself. -It is a way of dismissing the beliefs of others. -It is a way of getting rid of negative thoughts.
-It is a positive statement that helps you focus on goals. -It is a way of getting rid of negative thoughts.
Which statements about openness to change are true? (Choose every correct answer.) -It is an example of an important career readiness competency. -It typically leads to positive work outcomes for the employee. -It is a characteristic possessed by managers, but not by employees. -It is critical for the success of organizational change.
-It is an example of an important career readiness competency. -It typically leads to positive work outcomes for the employee. -It is critical for the success of organizational change
Which of the following are increased by employee openness to change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Workplace annoyances -Job satisfaction -Relationship disruption -Continuous learning
-Job satisfaction -Continuous learning
What is achieved by integration of innovation activities into business strategies? (Choose every correct answer.) -Human capital resources are drastically increased. -Management is encouraged to dedicate resources to innovation. -Employees feel committed to innovation in the organization. -Innovation by the competition becomes irrelevant.
-Management is encouraged to dedicate resources to innovation. -Employees feel committed to innovation in the organization.
What are three things that can help you achieve more self-compassion? -Embrace a narrow self-view. -Remember you are not alone. -Avoid group relationships. -Practice self-kindness. -Engage in mindfulness meditation.
-Remember you are not alone. -Practice self-kindness. -Engage in mindfulness meditation.
Which of the following are supertrends that are currently affecting the future of business? (Choose every correct answer.) -The overall speed of product releases is decreasing. -Simple, one-size-fits-all solutions are becoming more popular. -The way we work is being impacted by offshore suppliers. -Competitive advantage is coming increasingly from knowledge, not from information.
-The way we work is being impacted by offshore suppliers. -Competitive advantage is coming increasingly from knowledge, not from information.
What are the stages of the Lewin model for change? (Choose every correct answer.) -Shattering -Unfreezing -Changing -Refreezing
-Unfreezing -Changing -Refreezing
Match each stage of Lewin's model of change with its description. -Unfreezing -Changing -Refreezing
-Unfreezing: Creating the motivation to change -Changing: Introducing new information, perspectives, and ways of doing things -Refreezing: Supporting and reinforcing the new behavior
Place the steps in the OD process in the correct order, with the first step listed at the top.
1. Diagnosis 2. Intervention 3. Evaluation 4. Feedback
Place the stages of Lewin's model of change in the correct order, with the first stage listed at the top and the final stage listed at the bottom.
1. Unfreezing 2. Changing 3. Refreezing
Which statement about the need for faster speed-to-market is true?
Competitors may be in and out of the market within days.
Which of the following is a tactic increasingly used by companies to help them innovate and involves soliciting contributions from many people, often via the Internet, in order to collect needed services, ideas, or content?
Crowdsourcing
Factors such as the increasing number of women in the workforce and the growing number of older workers exemplify which force for change outside the organization?
Demographic characteristics
Which of the following is a demographic characteristic that is a force for change outside the organization?
Education
Ted's company has recently reorganized. He has been reassigned into a new role for which he feels unprepared, and he is not sure that he can handle his new responsibilities. Which of the following best describes the reason why Ted is resisting the change?
Fear of failure
At Hudson Food Company, managers permit experimentation, risk taking, and tolerate failure. Which step of supporting innovation does this represent?
Fostering an innovative culture and climate
Which of the following is a common cause of employee resistance to change?
Peer pressure
Which statement about organizational development is true?
Successful organizational development usually involves multiple interventions.
True or false: Multiple organizational development interventions have been found to work better than single interventions.
True
The company Tonya works for has been eliminating jobs in order to reduce costs, but the CEO was recently given a bonus of several million dollars. The likely cause of her resistance to the current organizational change is ______.
a climate of mistrust
Managers can reduce mistrust and resistance to change by ______.
being open and honest about changes
One assumption that is central to a systems approach to change is that change ______.
creates a ripple effect through an organization
Inessa has worked as part of a four-person development team for several years. Recently, however, one of her coworkers transferred to a different office and a replacement was hired. Inessa and her other long-term teammates are having a hard time accepting the new employee. This is most likely due to ______.
disruption of the group relationship
Sometimes changes on the job are intimidating and lead to self-doubt. In this case, employees are most likely to resist change due to ______.
fear of failure
Miriam's mother was in the army, so as a child, Miriam moved a lot. It was rare for her to spend more than a year in any location, which meant she was always the new girl in school and had a hard time making friends. She was often lonely and unhappy as a result. Recently, Miriam's company decided to move into a new building and reorganize the different departments. Miriam is likely to be resistant to this change because ______.
her childhood predisposed her to dislike change
The process of creating something new that can be applied profitably is referred to as ______.
innovation
A plan for being innovative that requires a company to integrate its innovation activities and business strategies is a(n) ______.
innovation strategy
A set of interdependent processes, practices, and structures that dictate how a company seeks out problems and solutions, synthesizes ideas into a business concept and product design, and chooses projects for funding is a(n) ______.
innovation system
Andre's company is restructuring, and he is unhappy about it. As a result of the restructuring, Andre will be managing four employees instead of nine. He is most likely resistant to the change because it ______.
is resulting in a loss of status
Innovations must be ______.
novel
Carson always feels like he is "putting out fires" at work and does not get an opportunity to figure out where problems might arise before they occur. Carson is dealing with ______ change.
reactive
An emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine is known as ______.
resistance to change
Positive statements that help you focus on goals, program your subconscious mind, and eliminate negative beliefs are referred to as ______.
self-affirmations
Although commitment from all members of an organization is important, if ______ in particular are not committed to achieving the organization's innovation goals, the goals are unlikely to be achieved.
senior leaders
Increasing segmentation of the marketplace and the need to get products to market faster in light of competitors' specialized solutions are examples of ______ currently influencing the future of business.
supertrends
Manufacturing automation and office automation are examples of ______ that are forces for change outside the organization.
technological advancements
Any machine or process that enables an organization to gain a competitive advantage in changing materials used to produce a finished product qualifies as ______.
technology
Achievement of strategic goals through organization development is likely to fail if ______.
top managers are not committed