MGMT Final Review
True or false: Social media are all based on a single technology.
false
Emotions that are _______________ result in actions that are narrow and specific, while emotions that are ________________ often widen someone's mindset.
negative; positive
Poor hearing that interferes with understanding of a message is an example of _________________ in the communication process.
noise
An attitude, feeling, opinion, or action shared by two or more people that guides behavior is a(n) ______.
norm
A negative byproduct of positively reinforcing group role and norm adherence is that groups tend to:
ostracize those who do not conform
A person's characteristic speaking ______________ is their linguistic style.
pattern
Male communication styles are more _______________, and they often hide their _________________. (Enter one word in each blank.)
aggressive; emotions
Organizational forces of change can stem from managerial behaviors such as excessive interpersonal conflict between _____. (Check all that apply.)
managers and subordinates managers and their board of directors
True or false: Because of collaboration, teams are generally less effective than the individuals who make up the team.
false
True or false: Virtuous leaders place more focus on greater market share than on the greater good.
false
What is the term used to describe a prolonged state of mental and physical exhaustion that cannot be fixed by getting a good night's sleep?
fatigue
Negative emotions include which of the following feelings?
fear sadness anger
Select recipient characteristics that contribute to resistance to change.
fear of the unknown fear of failure dispositional resistance peer pressure
Select other known reasons people resist change.
fear of the unknown fear of failure peer pressure loss of status
The part of the communication process in which the receiver expresses a reaction to the sender's message is _________________.
feedback
When practicing a speech or presentation, a practice audience will be compelled to offer
feedback
When the receiver reacts to the sender's message, the receiver is at which stage of the communication process?
feedback
When people are empathetic, they acknowledge the _____ of others.
feelings thoughts
When fatigue occurs, what often accompanies it?
feelings of depression poor organization confusion
Pursuing achievement for its own sake helps build which of the following characteristics?
feelings of self-efficacy feelings of competence feelings of mastery
In the perceptual model of communication, a message's ______ is created by the receiver.
meaning
Belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than the self is:
meaningfulness
The sense of belonging to and serving something that you think is bigger than the self is known as _____________. (Enter one word in the blank.)
meaningfulness
The capacity of a medium to transmit information and support understanding is called ______.
media richness
The practice of mindfulness, including ______, has gained significant interest in workplaces everywhere.
meditation
The awareness that emerges through purposefully focusing your attention in order to fully experience an interaction is:
mindfulness
What has become one of the most significant forces for change experienced by public companies in recent years?
increased shareholder activism
Which of the following concepts have shown that social media contribute to employee productivity?
increasing job satisfaction providing more creativity and collaboration improving performance and retention
Role conflict, role ambiguity, and job security are examples of stressors at what level?
individual
Groups on social media are a form of what type of group?
informal
The problem with banning access to social media during work is that it can damage employee _______________ and ________________.
morale; loyalty/trust
Which of the following is a benefit of nonverbal communication?
more accurate interpretation of a message
Which of the following are examples that describe the definition of the positivity effect?
moving away from life-draining energy moving toward life-giving energy
What attitude about change will make you more likely to resist change?
negative
What models of decision making explain how managers really come to decisions?
nonrational
Communication skills that impact communication competence include:
nonverbal communication active listening nondefensive communication empathy
The stage in Tuckman's group development process when the group resolves its power struggles in order to accomplish its goals is the ______ stage.
norming
The stage of group development that is able to occur after a respected member challenges the group to resolve power struggles to accomplish its goals is the ______ stage.
norming
Which of the following actions are needed to be empathetic?
noticing others' emotions using observations about others' feelings in communications with them
Although some business leaders try to satisfy all groups of stakeholders, realistically how many groups are given a clear priority?
one
A norm is a(n) ______ shared by two or more people that guides behavior.
opinion attitude feeling
People who view their successes as due to their personal causes and negative events to temporary, external and situational ones are:
optimists
Those who are both realistic and flexible are
optimists
What is an effective mechanism to check on communication accuracy?
paraphrasing or restating what someone else has said or written
Which of the following types of behavior is exhibited when people believe that they are being attacked or threatened? (Check all that apply.)
passive-aggressive defensive
Which listening style is characterized by the highest investment in listening to others when they are talking?
active
Which of the following is most likely to spark creativity?
being bored
Which of the following describes mindfulness?
being in the present moment paying attention on purpose being nonjudgmentally aware of what is happening
Employees have greater commitment, performance, satisfaction, and are retained more often when they:
believe organizational practices support them
Positive businesses do well and do good because they are profitable and they:
believe supporting and developing employees is valuable in itself make the well-being of their stakeholders important
Which of the following are aspects of trust?
believing that another person will keep the impact of his or her actions on you in mind letting your guard down with another person
A technique used for solving problems, generating creative ideas for new products, and removing performance roadblocks is:
brainstorming
Which of the following are actual forms of meditation that help reduce stress and negative emotions?
breathing meditation walking mediation
The "we feeling" that binds group members together is group ________________.
cohesiveness
______ can be a function of the change agent's actions, inactions, or perceptions.
resistance
Any thought, emotion, or behavior that does not align with changes to existing routines is called:
resistance to change
The notion that people resist both actual and potential events is known as:
resistance to change
If you lose focus during breathing meditation and your mind begins to wander, what should you do?
return your focus to breathing recognize the sounds around you acknowledge the thoughts entering your mind
Select internal forces of change.
reward systems productivity job dissatisfaction
A set of expected behaviors for a particular position in a group is called a(n)
role
Perceptions of how able you are to deal with a given demand is called:
secondary appraisal
Your confidence in your ability to achieve is represented by which of the following?
self-efficacy
Communication involves which of the following?
sender and receiver
___________________ , as an external force, have become more involved with pressing for organizational change in response to ethical lapses from senior management.
shareholders
Examples of prosocial behavior include:
sharing expertise with a team member complimenting a team member on a recent achievement
What is another term for positive human traits that influence thoughts, behaviors, and feelings while yielding a sense of fulfillment?
signature strengths
What type of facial expression typically represents warmth, happiness, and friendship?
smiling
Which of the following describe how the amplifying effect is passed on?
social capital emotions that are positive
The tendency for individual effort to decline as group size increases is known as ______.
social loafing
Connecting sources of knowledge within the organization across offices and time zones is one way that ______________ ____________ can contribute to productivity.
social media
To enhance productivity, which tool may be used to collaborate and communicate with colleagues and customers?
social media
What uses web-based and mobile technologies to generate interactive dialog with members of a network?
social media
What are some actions that organizations can take to achieve the desired change outcomes?
solicit employees' opinions modify targeted elements of change use employee feedback
During coaching conversations, what can employees do to discuss problems with their bosses?
speak to specific behaviors and situations be sensitive offer suggestions in a polite manner
Informal groups are commonly distinguished according to their
specific interests
During which of the stages of Tuckman's group development process are people likely to test the leader's policies, form subgroups, and determine how they fit in the group's power structure?
storming
Individuals may test or rebel against the leader's policies in Tuckman's _______________ stage of group development. (Enter one word in the blank.)
storming
Subgroups may form and procrastination occur during the _____________ stage of group development. (Enter one word in the blank.)
storming
Factors that produce stress are called:
stressors
The amount of perceived helpfulness that is derived from social relationships is known as social ___________
support
The least effective way to use evidence-based decision making is to:
support a decision made intuitively
Which of the following are factors that can affect the richness of a medium?
the message's channel feedback's speed the media type language
If you focus on reducing the symptoms of stress, you are using:
symptom management strategies
What are some of the counterproductive behaviors linked to stress?
drinking yelling violence verbal abuse
True or false: Some change experts believe that resistance does not reside solely within the individual employee; they contend that it is a result of the context in which change occurs.
true
True or false: Teams can foster collaboration by recognizing and using the strengths of individual team members.
true
True or false: The goal of decision making is to find a solution that leads to a desired state of affairs.
true
True or false: When people are "in flow," they are just doing, not necessarily thinking about anything.
true
Match the listening style in the left column with the correct explanation in the right column.
Active: Motivated, give full attention, and participate Involved: Reflect what is said and partially participate Passive: Assume the speaker is responsible for the interaction Detached: Body language includes lack of eye contact, slouching, and inattention
Which of the following decision making styles is associated with a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on tasks and technical concerns?
Analytical
In what ways is the strength movement a significant change from past practices?
Attention is paid to potential rather than deficiencies. The focus is on employee successes rather than underperformance.
What point should you keep in mind when dealing with nervousness in making a presentation?
Audience members expect you to be nervous.
What is one thing managers can do to improve their decision making?
Avoid decision-making biases by becoming aware of them.
Which of the following are considered among the five top practical implications for employees?
Be mindful of how you respond to change. Apply your knowledge of stress and coping skills. Resistance is a given.
What are practical ways to build trust in interpersonal relationships within an organization?
Be realistic about commitments and deliver quality work on time. Demonstrate good business sense, technical ability, and professionalism. Keep team members informed by providing information on policies and giving accurate feedback.
Match the benefits of mindfulness in the left column with an example from the right column.
Better retention: Improving working memory can be achieved through meditation. More effective interpersonal effectiveness: Paying attention to others' emotions reduces conflict and lessens negativity when conflict does occur. Less contemplation of current or past challenges: Reducing rumination helps alleviate the undesirable emotional impact it can cause. Increased focus: Improved decision making benefits one's job performance.
Which of the following are reasons a two-way face-to-face conversation is the richest form of communication? (Check all that apply.)
Body language observation Immediate feedback Recognition of understanding
What does the social role theory suggest about the differing linguistic styles of men and women?
Boys and girls are taught to communicate differently.
What questions should you address when applying the systems model of change?
Change how? Why change? Change what?
When confronting failure, what do experts suggest you do?
Choose who you share it with. Fail productively. Talk about it.
Match the element of a social media policy in the left column with its explanation from the right column.
Clarify what is confidential.: Explain what information can and cannot be shared online and provide an approval process. Explain what is considered illegal: Explain what information is proprietary, trademarked, and copyrighted. Outline consequences for violations.: Inform employees that they are responsible for what they post, identify what is expected on-the-job behavior, and clarify when they are representing the company. Identify appropriate ways to engage others online.: Instruct employees to be polite and nonconfrontational.
Match the team competency on the left with the behavior that exemplifies it on the right.
Contributes to the team's work: Completes work accurately and on time Keeps team on track: Helps plan and organize work Expects quality work: Expects the team to succeed and cares about producing quality work Interacts constructively with team members: Listens to teammates and accepts feedback Possesses relevant skills, knowledge, and abilities: Is able to make meaningful contributions to the team
Match the POB practice that fosters employee positivity from the left column with the benefit on the right.
Decision-making discretion: Gives employees a sense of control and more chances to learn Share information: Helps employees understand the larger picture of how their work fits in the goals of the company Minimize incivility: Hiring employees who treat others well and with respect Provide feedback: Offers assessments that are both motivational and instructional
What can an individual do to make better decisions?
Develop critical thinking skills. Examine past decisions for the influence of biases. Assess decision-making styles.
How can companies help alleviate fatigue in their employees?
Educate workers on sleep management. Have the correct number of employees for the amount of work. Do not schedule workers unless they have adequate downtime.
Which of the following are causes for internal human resource problems and may signal a need for organizational change? (Check all that apply.)
Employee perceptions regarding the way they are treated at work The match between individual and organization needs
Match the form of social support in the left column with the correct explanation from the right column.
Esteem support: Provides information that a person is accepted and respected despite problems or inadequacies Informational support: Provides help in defining, understanding, and coping with problems Social companionship: Spending time with others in recreational activities Instrumental support: Provides financial aid, material resources, or needed services
What can be done to emphasize positivity to overcome resistance to change?
Exercise mindfulness. Avoid dwelling on negative experiences. Identify and reflect on the positive outcomes.
___________________ forces originate outside of the organization.
External
Arrange the media in the list with the richest on top.
Face-to-face conversations Telephone conversations E-mail blasts
What are some tips for sparking creativity?
taking a walk doing "nothing" lying on the beach
The extent to which team members are dependent on each other to accomplish their work is called
task independence
A group's ______________ roles enable it to pursue its purpose, while its ____________ roles support its interpersonal relationships. (Enter one word in each blank.)
task; maintenance
The ability of a team to adapt to changes such as changing demands or the transition of members in or out of the group is:
team adaptive capacity
A plan for how the team will make decisions, share communications and strategies that should be agreed to early in the group development process is a(n) ______________ _______________.
team charter
Plans that outline exactly what the team is to do, goals for the team, and the tasks, responsibilities, and roles of team members are:
team performance strategies
One way for companies to improve productivity, competitiveness, and customer service is through:
technology
What environmental factors can have a significant effect on worker fatigue?
temperature light sound
What communication methods do younger generations prefer over more traditional communication methods?
texting devices instant messaging devices
The benefits of positive emotions include:
that they build on themselves a broader perspective about overcoming challenges they spread to others around you
What are the three causes of resistance to change?
the relationship between the change agent and the recipient the change agent the recipients of change
The expanded view of resistance states that it is caused by the interaction between the changer, the change recipient, and:
the relationships between the change recipients and change agents
Which of the following determines how likely you are to reap the benefits of positive emotions and positive OB?
the relative frequency of your positive to negative emotions
Positive organizational behavior involves:
the study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths the study and application of positively oriented psychological capacities
What graphical representation of the process underlying decisions shows the consequences of making various choices?
a decision tree
Which of the following can be a source of noise?
a loud environment nonverbal communication handwriting that is hard to read
To have hope you need to have:
a path to achieve the goal a goal and the determination to achieve it
Which of the following are media through which a message can be communicated?
a phone call an in-person discussion a text message
What type of team is assembled to tackle a particular project, problem, or task?
a project team
What type of team has a well-defined purpose, is more or less permanent, and requires the complete commitment of its members?
a work team
Teams that are able to leverage knowledge from anywhere in the world at much lower costs are ___________ teams.
virtual
Reduced commuting and real estate costs are among the benefits of:
virtual teams
When organizations and individuals aspire to be their very best it is known as __________ leadership.
virtuous
What organizations and individuals aspire to be when they are at their very best is:
virtuous leadership
In organizations typified by greed, selfishness, and a single-minded focus on winning, what is the ultimate measure of success?
wealth
How far in advance should a presentation be prepared?
weeks
The combined impact of positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and achievement is:
well-being
What practical consideration might result in an individual rather than the whole group making a decision?
when there is limited time to make the decision
Research shows that of men and women, ___________ tend to touch more during a conversation, showing warmth and caring toward the other.
women
According to Deborah Tannen, linguistic style includes such features as:
word choice jokes directness
People who have the behavioral style of decision making can be characterized as:
working well with others having a hard time saying no to others avoiding conflict
The upward spiral of positivity means that:
your positive behaviors, attitudes, and feelings continually reinforce your own and those of others
Which of the following statements describe ways of building meaning into your life?
Find time to help others. Incorporate your natural strengths into your personal and work lives. Try to do more activities that you love.
Rank Tuckman's five stages of group development. The first stage should be the top item on your list.
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
Place the steps of the protocol used for TED (Technology, Education, Design) talks in order, with the first step at the top.
Frame your story Plan your delivery Develop your stage presence Plan your multimedia Put it together
What can be achieved by talking about a failure?
Gain another person's perspective. Own your mistakes. Recognize your vulnerabilities.
Which of the following statements are true about implementing corporate change?
Gathering feedback about the change is beneficial. People often resist change due to work environment issues. Don't assume people consciously resist change.
Which of the following groups are more likely to communicate via digital devices?
Gen Xers Millennials
Employees' perceptions of formal and informal policies, practices, procedures, and routines at work are called organizational
climate
Before providing it, it is very important to learn your manager's receptiveness to receiving _____________.
coaching
The process by which people evaluate the meaning of events and demands on their own well-being is called _________________ appraisal.
cognitive
Today, mindfulness is used to improve which of the following outcomes?
cognitive physical emotional
The degree to which members feel part of the collective group is called group
cohesiveness
The sense of "we-ness" that overrides individual differences and motives in a group is _______________.
cohesiveness
Group influence brings individuals into the social fabric of an organization by:
communicating role expectations communicating norms
Selecting a medium, such as face-to-face conversations, graphs, or digital messaging, is one of the steps in which of the following processes?
communication
A performance-based index of an individual's abilities to effectively use communication behaviors in a given context is communication _______________.
competence
What factors need to be considered when dealing with different types of change--adaptive, innovative, and radical?
complexity cost perceived associated threats
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the ____________ decision making style.
conceptual
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the _______________ decision making style.
conceptual
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have which of the following decision making styles?
conceptual
Social media can contribute to the productivity of companies of all sizes and industries by:
connecting sources of knowledge across organizations, offices, and time zones connecting in real time and over distances with many stakeholders expanding to include outsiders in problem-solving
Match each behavior with the form of trust it builds.
contractual trust: People do what they say they will do and make their expectations clear. communication trust: People share information and tell the truth. competence trust: People meet their responsibilities and acknowledge others' skills and experience
Using behaviors to directly anticipate or solve problems is called a ______ _______.
control strategy
What are some examples of communication styles associated with women?
conversational skills offering support building relationships
Crucial _____________ are discussions between two or more people where the stakes and emotions are high, and opinions vary.
conversations
The joint novelty and usefulness of a product or service as judged by others is:
creative outcome effectiveness
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is ______________.
creativity
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is _________________.
creativity
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is:
creativity
Which factors drive change for tech companies when they are dealing with international markets?
cross border differences cross cultural differences
Which of the following statements are true about the business of mindfulness?
The popularity of mindfulness has grown rapidly. It has become a $1 billion business.
When specialists from different areas are put on the same team, it is a _____________ - ____________ team.
cross-functional
What are the cognitive shortcuts used to simplify the decision making process called?
What are the cognitive shortcuts used to simplify the decision making process called?
Breathing meditation can be done almost anywhere and can be beneficial if done for 5 minutes twice a day. Experts recommend that you get started by practicing diaphragm breathing. List the remaining steps in breathing meditation with the first step at the top.
1. Sit comfortable in a chair, feet flat, and back erect. 2. Close your eyes and breathe deeply 3. Add counting to four or five to your breaths in and out.
Match the letter on the left with the method of cognitive restructuring on the right.
A: Identify the event or problem B: List your thoughts on the problem C: Identify the consequences of your beliefs D: Come up with a counterargument E: Describe your empowerment
Match the element of psychological capital in the left column with the example of how to develop it from the right column. Instructions
Hope development: Generate a work-related goal, develop multiple plans for achieving it, and ask for feedback from others. Efficacy development: Break larger goals into smaller subgoals, create plans, and seek feedback Resilience development: List your skills and talents and how they can be used to achieve your goal. Identify obstacles and how to avoid them. Optimism development: Identify negative expectations and possible impediments. Check to see if they're valid and check with others to challenge your assumptions.
Match the element of positive psychological capital (PsyCap) in the left column with the correct explanation from the right.
Hope: Persevering toward goals to succeed Efficacy: Having confidence to take on challenging tasks Resilience: Bouncing back after problems or adversity Optimism: Making a positive attribution about success now and in the future
Match the stressor with the correct level or type. #2
Individual: job loss Group: annoying coworkers Organizational: high pressure environment Extra-organizational: work-life balance
Match the stressor with the correct level or type.
Individual: perceived lack of control over events Group: inconsistent manager behavior Organizational: culture intensity Extra-organizational: managing career and education
Which of the following statements about informal groups are true?
Informal groups are based on friendship. Informal groups are formed by members who share a common interest.
Which of the following do positive relationships provide? (Check all that apply.)
Informational support Social companionship Esteem support
Match the tip for effective listening in the left column with the correct description in the right column.
Involve your body: Use nonverbal cues to demonstrate interest and involvement. Summarize: Integrate or consolidate an entire conversation. Be mindful: Don't try to anticipate what will be said next or what you will say. Show respect: Give the speaker the opportunity to explain his/her ideas.
Daniel Kahneman describes two types of thinking in his book Thinking, Fast and Slow. Why is System 1 "fast"?
It is automatic. It is instinctive. It relies on mental shortcuts.
Which of the following describe a highly complex situation?
It is difficult to analyze. It lacks clarity.
Which of the following describe a low-complexity situation?
It is predictable. It is routine.
Which of the following statements is true about team adaptive capacity? (Check all that apply.)
It is the ability to make needed changes in response to demands put on the team. It is a critical element of effective, high-performing teams.
Which of the following statements about videoconferencing are true? (Check all that apply.)
It provides enhanced communication over e-mail and texts. It has a code of conduct for participating in meetings.`
Which of the following are included in common teamwork competencies? (Check all that apply.)
Keeping the team on track Interacting with team members constructively Contributing to the team's work
In order to make meaningful contributions to groups or teams, what should you do?
Learn which individual functions of groups are most important to you Develop your teamwork competencies Apply your knowledge to combat social loafing
What are practical ways to be an effective member of groups and teams?
Learn which of the group functions are important to you. Develop teamwork competencies to increase your value to the organization. Communicate, be predictable, and treat others with respect to boost your trustworthiness.
What are some of the best practices for using slides in a presentation?
Make sure the font is large enough to see from the back of the room. Limit the number of words per slide. Provide commentary to the slides rather than reading them aloud.
In contrast to a group, what are characteristics of a team?
Members are accountable for their collective performance. Members depend on each other.
What are some examples of communication styles associated with men?
Men see conversations as negotiations to keep the upper hand. Men hide their emotions.
Which of the following are considered among the seven top practical implications for managers?
Not all changes are alike. Employee resistance will make or break your managerial effectiveness. Stress affects your performance and that of your employees.
When delivering a presentation, which of the following are the most important things to know? (Check all that apply.)
One should know the content behind each point. One should know how to transition from one point to the next
Researchers of positive and negative experiences agree that the following statements are true:
Positive experiences turn on a supportive orientation. Negative experiences stimulate a survival orientation. You must have more than one positive experience to remedy a negative one.
List the creative performance behaviors in sequence with the first one at the top.
Problem formulation/definition Preparation/Information gathering Idea generation Idea evaluation/validation
Which of the following should be done to be an effective listener?
Put in the effort. Focus on message content. Be motivated.
The steps in the communication process include:
Receiving the message Transmitting the message Encoding the message
What techniques can an individual use to communicate more effectively?
Remember that all communication is like a presentation. Avoid miscommunication due to gender and generational differences. Look for ways the message can be misinterpreted.
Match the organizational value in the left column with the correct definition from the right.
Restorative justice: Resolve conflict by giving all parties a chance to express their thoughts and feelings, producing solutions that focus on the greater good Compassion: Help others by showing sympathy, kindness, tenderness, and love Temperance: Promotes self-control, humility, and prudence when faced with temptation and provocation
List the steps in the communication process in order with the first step at the top of the list.
Sender encodes a message. Message is transmitted through a medium. Receiver decodes the message. Receiver sends feedback through a medium.
Match the element of the communication process in the left column with the correct definition from the right column.
Sender: Person who wants to communicate information Message: Information Receiver: The person or group for whom the message is intended Medium: Method of communicating the message Noise: Interference with the message
Which of the following are types of task interdependence? (Check all that apply.)
Sequential Pooled Reciprocal comprehensive
Match the step in the STATE technique of addressing difficult conversations in the left column to the correct explanation in the right column.
Share your facts: Start with the least controversial elements that support what you want for the relationship. Tell your story: Describe how you've arrived where you are and what you'd like to see change and why. Ask for others' facts and stories: Talk with others, not at them. Create dialog. don't be accusatory. Use "I" instead of "you." Talk tentatively: Describe the impact that the facts have on you via your story. Encourage testing: Make it safe for others to share their opposing views. Find a mutual purpose.
Of the following statements, which accurately describe social loafers?
Social loafers expect the same rewards as other members of the team. Social loafers can distract or disrupt the work of other team members. Social loafers produce low-quality work.
When organizations attempt to balance the needs of stakeholders, who do they consider to be part of that group?
customers employees investors
In which ways are stories better than reports for making presentations?
Stories offer personal and sometimes emotional information. Stories help the presenter connect with the audience.
____________ are factors that produce stress.
Stressors
Which of the following are powerful internal forces for change? (Check all that apply.)
Strikes Significant absenteeism Production slowdowns
What type of thinking is described by Daniel Kahneman as intuitive and unconscious thought?
System 1
When employees trust their managers, what are they more likely to do?
Take a chance trying something different. Put in extra effort.
Supporting creativity is important to team collaboration efforts for which of the following reasons?
Team members will have a "can do" attitude.
Which of the following statements are true about a formal group?
The group is assigned to accomplish specific goals. The group is assigned by the organization or managers.
Research shows that a focus on employee strengths can yield which of the following results?
The perception of quality of life is vastly improved. Productivity greatly increases. Employees are more likely to feel engaged.
Which of the following influence a change agent's actions and perceptions? (Check all that apply.)
The quality of agent's relationship with recipients Recipients' actions Recipients' inactions
Which of the following statements are true about project teams?
Their members most often divide their time between the team and their primary jobs. Their members may be from the same department of an organization. They are assembled to tackle a particular problem, task, or project.
According to research, when people lied less frequently over the course of ten weeks, what was the result?
Their physical and mental health improved.
Which of the following statements is true about emotions?
They are short-lived
Which of the following are positive effects of negative emotions?
They can assist you in seeking the help of others. They can make you improve.
Which of the following statements are true about work teams?
They have a well-defined purpose. They have a common purpose. They are usually permanent.
Which of the following are characteristics of high-performing teams?
They have an appropriate mix of knowledge, skills, and abilities. They have trust and communication. They have clear goals and responsibilities.
Which of the following must organizations do to address changing demographic factors?
They must make changes to the workplace environment to attract and retain diverse employees.
What is a team called that is composed of specialists from several different areas such as finance, marketing, production and design?
a cross-functional team
In order to make groups and teams successful, what should managers do?
They should build and maintain trust with and among members. They should use team charters to accomplish goals. They should identify task and maintenance roles.
What should managers do to help them build and lead more effective teams?
They should evaluate employees using the three Cs of team players (commitment, collaboration, and competency). They should identify important task and maintenance roles. They should use the group development process to reduce frustrations when working in teams.
When people communicate, they do which of the following?
They take part in a process that involves two parties. They process the information they exchange. They decipher the information they exchange.
In order to be successful decision makers, what should managers do?
Train employees to conduct effective brainstorming. Identify decision-making styles and build on strengths. Spark creativity among employees.
True or false: Flourishing employees experience less burnout and take fewer sick days.
True
Why do researchers estimate that typical listeners retain only 20-50 percent of what they hear?
Underutilized cognitive processes lead to daydreaming. People think faster than others speak. People may not be motivated to make the effort to listen.
What are recommended practices for improving communications between sexes and generations?
Use a variety of media based on the circumstances. Clarify any norms concerning communication. Give credit to people for their ideas regardless their gender.
Which of the following are useful tips for managing e-mail?
Use folders and categories to organize your inbox. Prioritize 20% of e-mails and defer the other 80%. Do not check e-mails at all hours.
Which of the following technologies have recently begun to be used to improve direct patient care and medical supply chains? (Check all that apply.)
Virtual reality and drones Drones and digital ordering
Which of the following statements are true about the characteristics of virtual teams?
Virtual teams may utilize talent more efficiently than in traditional office settings. Virtual team members are connected using various technologies. Virtual team members work across time, space, and organizational boundaries.
In which of the following cultures are children taught to maintain eye contact with their parents?
Western
Under which circumstance can change resistance be reduced?
When change agents and recipients have a trusting relationship
Which of the following can be a receiver?
a company a team an individual
Enhanced self-esteem, self-efficacy, and mastery are a result of pursuing:
achievement
We flourish when we pursue ______________ for its own sake because it builds self-efficacy and feelings of mastery.
achievement
What have shareholders pressed organizations to do in recent years?
address legal lapses remedy privacy issues improve efficiency
Research indicates that most managers have multiple decision-making styles and that those styles are based on:
age. gender. nationality.
A change______________ is someone who is a catalyst in helping organizations to deal with old problems in new ways.
agent
The reasons that banning access to social media at work can damage employee morale and loyalty include:
alienating younger employees who are used to being "plugged in" fairness to those who are expected to be available for work outside of regular hours
When conducting difficult or crucial conversations, you should show respect by doing which of the following?
allowing others to share their ideas and feelings focusing on mutual purpose, such as gains or benefits not interrupting, steamrolling, or intimidating others
The concept that positive practices escalate positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital is known as the:
amplifying effect
In which of the following situations, can punctuated equilibrium occur? (Check all that apply.)
an inciting event innovation
Which of the following result from employee access to social media?
an increase in job satisfaction and work-life balance an increase in employee performance a reduction in the amount of time spent retrieving needed information
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on tasks and technical concerns have the ____________ decision-making style.
analytical
People who have a directive decision style:
are decisive and action oriented like to focus on facts
Characteristics of the rational decision-making model include the assumption that managers:
are objective possess all information needed to make the best decision
What is a form of computing that allows machines to perform cognitive functions similar to the way humans do?
artificial intelligence (AI)
What are the two methods for applying the systems model of change?
as an aid during the strategic planning process as a way to identify targets of change
In oral communication, which of the following are more clearly understood because of nonverbal communication?
attitudes emotions
Which activity refers to the lost productivity resulting from the use of the Internet at work for personal tasks?
cyberloafing
Which of the following managerial actions can indicate a change in management is needed?
bad decisions misconduct excessive interpersonal conflict at the office
People who prefer to avoid conflict and focus strongly on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the ____________ style of decision making.
behavioral
What term is also used to describe engagement?
being "in the zone"
The idea that positive practices in organizations lessen the effect of stressors is the ______.
buffering effect
Workplace stress can result in:
burnout decreased job satisfaction absenteeism
How can employees avoid the pitfalls of social media at work?
by avoiding anything that may be seen as rude or embarrassing by learning the company's social media policies by creating social media accounts for personal and professional use
How can managers avoid miscommunication and ensure that employees get the intended message?
by being aware of linguistic difference between women and men by paraphrasing and summarizing what others communicate by learning ways to handle crucial conversations
How can employees contribute to a positive organizational climate?
by being more virtuous by sticking to the values endorsed by their employer
How can managers show their support for PERMA?
by displaying positive emotions in the workplace by providing social support when possible by encouraging creative approaches to achieving goals
How can an individual or group avoid making mistakes in the decision-making process?
by reviewing past biases and influences by examining past decisions by understanding judgmental heuristics
People who have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are task oriented when making decisions have which decision-making style?
directive
What does the nonverbal communication form of touching convey?
caring warmth
When you pinpoint and pick a solution that best solves a problem, this is:
decision making
A(n) ________________ _________________ is a graphical representation of the process underlying decisions that shows the consequences of making various choices.
decision tree
The way an individual perceives stimuli and the general manner in which he or she responds to it is a(n) ________________- _______________ style. (Enter one word in each blank.)
decision-making
Positive emotions in a business setting can have a desirable impact on which of the following?
decision-making performance creativity
The way an individual perceives stimuli and the general manner in which he or she responds to it is a(n):
decision-making style
When people believe they are being attacked or threatened, they become
defensive
Crossing your legs can send a nonverbal message of:
defensiveness
The task roles that facilitate a group's work include:
defining a common purpose clarifying a common purpose
Problems for employers resulting from social media can be prevented or reduced by developing a policy that:
describes the purposes for which social media can be used describes who, how, and when social media can be used states the consequences for noncompliance of social media usage
Early in the group development process, a team can improve its chances for success if it:
develops a team charter
If people display the personality trait that makes them less likely to make changes and more likely to have negative attitudes toward change, they are exhibiting what?
dispositional resistance to change
Discussions between two or more people become crucial conversations when:
emotions are strong opinions vary the stakes are high
It is possible to improve communications between the sexes and generations by:
employing a variety of communication media avoiding assumptions based on sex or age
What is the process called when ideas are put into a code that others can understand?
encoding
Writing a message prior to determining its means of delivery is an example of:
encoding
Which of the following are elements in framing a presentation?
ending the presentation with a solution considering what the audience knows explaining why the subject matters
The extent to which you are physically, cognitively, and emotionally involved with an activity is:
engagement
What have the benefits of short meditation techniques been shown to do?
enhance memory alleviate stress improve task performance
Which of the following positive outcomes can occur with greater efficacy?
enhanced positive outlook improved confidence increased effectiveness
Which of the following is a goal of collaboration?
ensuring a collective outcome is completed
Actions in which you avoid or ignore stressors are called ______.
escape strategies
Stress that is associated with positive emotions and outcomes is called:
eustress
According to its definition, the buffering effect reduces the impact of which of the following?
events that are negative
The process of conscientiously using the best available data when making managerial decisions is:
evidence-based decision making
According to the Reina Model for rebuilding trust, it is important to discuss feelings and emotions constructively before reframing the _______________ and taking ________________ for what happened. (Enter one word in each blank.)
experience responsibility
Forces that originate outside of the organization are:
external
A model of occupational stress suggests that potential stressors can be at which levels?
extra-organizational organizational group individual
What is the most important element of developing stage presence?
eye contact
True or false: A sender is the individual who decodes a message.
false
True or false: Active listening is a form of nonverbal communication.
false
True or false: An assumption of the nonrational decision making models is that managers possess all of the information needed to make optimal decisions.
false
The ways that the text authors suggest you can build meaning in your life include:
finding a way to build your personal strengths into your personal and work life going out and helping someone identify activities you love doing and do more of them and build them into your work life
Resiliency is powerful because resilient people are:
flexible to changing demands emotionally stable in the face of adversity open to new experiences
The state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake is known as
flow
Organizational climate is defined as employees' perceptions of _____. (Check all that apply.)
formal and informal organizational policies practices and procedures
During the ______________ stage of group development, members are likely to be uncertain about the group's leaders and goals. (Enter one word in the blank.)
forming
During which stage of group development are people anxious about their roles, the people in charge, and the group's goals?
forming
Among the stages of group development in Tuckman's model are:
forming performing norming
In walking meditation, sending a signal to the mind to guide its attentiveness and awareness is:
forming an intention
What type of facial expression typically represents anger or dissatisfaction?
frowning
How can artificial intelligence (AI) help managers enhance business operations?
gaining insight through data analysis managing customer communications automating processes
What communication tendencies are men more likely to exhibit than women?
giving blunt feedback boasting about themselves
What communication tendencies are women more likely to exhibit than men?
giving tactful feedback sharing credit for success
Signature strengths are a subset of 24 character strengths, including which of the following?
gratitude honesty creativity
A study in the Harvard Business Review reported that flourishing employees exhibited:
greater commitment to their employers better overall performance decreases in burnout
Collections of individuals with low dependency on one another are known as ______, whereas _____ are collectively responsible for their performance.
groups; teams
The phenomenon that occurs when people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action is called ____________.
groupthink
When people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action it is:
groupthink
Clear goals and responsibilities with an appropriate mix of knowledge, skills, and abilities are specifically associated with ______ teams.
high-performing
Which of the following is an example of a formal group?
hiring committee
Select ways to overcome change resistance in employees.
hold meetings to address concerns give reason/rationale for change provide as much information as possible
Both willpower and way power are needed to have
hope
By making your goals SMART and formulating effective action plans, you can build your level of ______, which will boost your goal commitment and success.
hope
What are some of the emerging sources of stress according to the American Psychological Association?
hunger housing instability discrimination
Brainstorming is a technique used to help groups generate multiple _______________ and alternatives for solving ________________.
ideas; problems
Which of the following practices should be implemented by managers?
identifying and emphasizing existing positive practices understanding that being positive rubs off on others advocating mindfulness training
What nonverbal message is expressed by having your palms up?
immediacy and openness
Evidence-based decision making holds the promise of:
improving performance avoiding decision-making biases
Ways to overcome resistance to change include:
informing those affected with the reasons for change providing as much information as possible providing employees with many opportunities to question the effects of the change
Which of the following interpersonal communication differences between men and women are attributed to the Darwinian perspective?
inherited biological differences between the sexes gender differences associated with reproductive strategies different drives, needs, and conflicts between men and women
Which of the following traits are promoted by virtuous leaders?
integrity trust respect
An end point or goal you want to achieve is represented by an _______________
intention
What does the nonverbal communication technique of leaning forward show?
interest
What do you call changes that come from inside the organization?
internal forces `for change
Human resource problems and managerial behaviors are examples of
internal forces for change
It is important to recall that the meaning of nonverbal cues:
is different in various cultures. is subjective is dependent on context and culture
The study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and psychological capacities that can be effectively managed for performance improvement in today's workplace:
is positive organizational behavior
Which of the following statements about stress are accurate?
it can have positive consequences stress is inevitable it can be managed
It is important to recognize negative emotions because:
it is realistic to recognize that we experience loss, betrayal, and anger to ignore them subverts health
The cognitive biases we use to facilitate the decision-making process are:
judgmental heuristics
Groupthink can result in decisions that:
lack moral judgment fail to realistically evaluate alternative options maintain the cohesiveness of the group
What should managers do when it comes to stress reduction?
lead by example
Which of the following are disadvantages of big data? (Check all that apply.)
leaked private information cybersecurity breaches
Managing up includes which of the following?
learning your manager's view of coaching asking for permission to provide coaching finding how best to deliver criticism
The process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages is ________________.
listening
When a listener takes the time to decode and interpret a verbal message, this process is called:
listening
Which of the following is the biggest negative impact of social media use by employees at their workplaces?
losing productivity
What can result when your positivity lacks sincerity?
loss of credibility reduction of influence erosion of trust
Social media has eroded privacy and it is important to recognize that your reputation and your employer's can be damaged in the following ways:
loss of employment or business social stigma legal action
Positive emotions in employees support which of the following?
lower stress levels organizational commitment
Big data, the vast quantity of data available to decision makers, can
make information more transparent and usable. be used to develop new products and services. enhance productivity.
Which of the following is an example of informal group activity?
making a craft together
Which of the following are internal forces that can cause businesses to change?
managerial behavior human resource problems
Which of the following OB practices foster employee positivity?
permitting staff to make decisions employing staff who practice civility providing information to employees that reveals the impact of their work
Videoconferencing services are growing in popularity because they provide more visual communication than
phone calls. e-mails. texts.
Team performance strategies include:
plans that outline exactly what the team is to do setting goals for the team the tasks and responsibilities of the members
A role is a set of expected behaviors for a particular _______________, while a ___________________ role is a set of expected behaviors for members of the group as a whole.
position; group
Exceptionally ____________ means above and beyond expectations.
positive
Your perspective about how to overcome challenges is broadened by ______________ emotions.
positive
For the benefits of positive organizational behavior to occur, you must have several __________ experiences for every ____________ experience.
positive negative
Which of the following are generated in others because of upward spirals of positivity?
positive behaviors positive attitudes positive emotions
According to Spreitzer and Cameron from the University of Michigan, notable performance that greatly goes beyond expectations in positive ways is:
positive deviance
Well-being is the combined impact of which of the following elements?
positive emotions relationships achievement
_________________ ________________are a strong contributor to our well-being that buffer us from stressors and enable us to get things done. They fuel the giving and receiving of social support. (Enter one word in each blank.)
positive relatinships
When living systems seek the positive over the negative, it is an example of the:
positivity effect
Learning to use mindfulness takes ______, time, and commitment.
practice
When employees show up to work but are sick or otherwise in no condition to work productively this is called ______________________.
presenteeism
When employees show up to work but are sick or otherwise in no condition to work productively this is called:
presenteeism
Perceptions of whether a stressor is irrelevant, positive, or negative is called:
primary appraisal
Since your reputation and your employer's can be damaged in a variety of ways, it is important to recognize that ________________ has been eroded by social media.
privacy
Although it is essential, if not managed effectively, e-mail can be a huge _____________ drain.
productivity
A positive act that is done without expectation of something in return is a(n) ______________ behavior.
prosocial
What aspect of conversational skills and habits do women focus on?
rapport and relationships
The decision-making model that assumes managers are fully objective and have all the data needed is the:
rational decision model
When all members of a group either agree with a decision or are able to support it, they have:
reached consensus
What are the three basic ways to deliver a presentation?
reading the presentation from a script memorizing and rehearsing the presentation using a bulleted list that outlines the presentation
To reap the benefits of positivity, you must:
realize that insincere positivity can be harmful be sincere and authentic
Managers can overcome employees' resistance to change through which strategies?
recognizing progress expecting mistakes rewarding collaboration
Which of the following describes the components of psychological capital?
reduces anxiety and stress is flexible can increase job satisfaction
Which of these are common, effective stress-reduction techniques?
regular breaks meditation play
How someone is able to bounce back from adversity and sustain oneself in the face of the demands of positive events is known as
resiliency
PsyCap development includes which of the following?
resiliency efficacy hope
Which of the following are key elements to punctuated equilibrium?
time change
Learning how to incorporate mindfulness requires which of the following?
time commitment practice
What are three practical things to consider in the decision-making process?
time constraints routine and frequency information and communication
In order to address changing demographics, firms are changing the work environment and benefits packages:
to attract and retain diverse employees
What is the main driving force behind the use of all forms of technology, including social media, at work?
to boost productivity
Why should you use multimedia in a presentation?
to convey emotion to the audience
What are the ABCDEs of cognitive restructuring used to do?
to help stop pessimistic thinking about a problem or event
What are the three ways managers use evidence or data in the decision-making process?
to inform a decision to support a decision to make a decision
A useful way of framing a presentation is
to think of it as a journey
The extent to which a person has a high need for structure and control in his or her life is known as:
tolerance for ambiguity
Examples of nonverbal communication include:
touching eye contact posture
What issues do large U.S. tech companies sometimes encounter when offering their products overseas?
tougher regulations massive fines restrictions on what can be sold
Key sets of practices that impact organizational climate are:
training programs support programs human resources practices and policies
True or false: A manager's behavior is one of the most powerful means of influencing others.
true
True or false: Consensus does not require unanimous agreement.
true
True or false: Empowering, supporting, and developing employees can help organizations meet shareholder expectations.
true
True or false: Establishing a trusting relationship with your boss may make you the "go to" person to fill in when needed.
true
True or false: Job stress means different things for different people.
true
True or false: People's occupations and personality types influence their decision-making styles.
true
A reciprocal belief that another person will consider the effects of his intentions and behaviors on you is ______.
trust
The Reina Model is used to restore ____________ when it has been compromised.
trust
The components of virtuous leadership most frequently discussed in OB research include:
trust integrity focus on the greater good
When organizations are defined by greed and secrecy, which of the following become central to employees?
uncertainty management profitability achievement
Which of the following are reasons that people do not retain what they hear?
underutilized cognitive processes noise
The extent to which an individual focuses on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns in making decisions is:
value orientation
Restorative justice, compassion, and temperance are global ____________that are essential to promoting positive organizational behaviors.
values
A team that works together over time and distance using electronic media to combine effort and achieve goals is a(n) ___________ team. (Enter one word in the blank.)
virtual