MGMT Test 3, Chp 13-19
82. With most new employees in the late twenties or early thirties, Albertson & Sons Inc. has learned that helping new employees secure home loans has been a valuable service that pays off in the long term. This is an example of what type of diversity initiative or program?
Accommodating special needs
_____ is a control system that identifies the various activities needed to produce a product and determines the cost of those activities.
Activity-based costing
_____ is the stage of team development in which members prepare for the team's disbandment.
Adjorning
Your department has absenteeism standards, a way to measure absenteeism, and, based on your investigation, you have concluded that your department has an excessive absenteeism rate. What should your next step be?
All of these would be good examples of taking corrective action.
56. According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in chapter 13, which of the following is not a characteristic used to help foreign managers understand Americans?
Americans are formal.
Which of the following is a ratio that measures the firm's internal performance with respect to key activities defined by management?
An activity ratio
What is the key to successful benchmarking?
Analysis
_____ is a collaborative approach to negotiation that is based on a win-win assumption, whereby the parties want to come up with a creative solution that benefits both sides of the conflict. A. BATNA B. A bargaining zone C. Mediation D. Integrative negotiation E. Distributive negotiation
Distributive negotiation
89. The _____ involves whether putting effort into a task will lead to high performance. a. P -> O expectancy b. E -> P expectancy c. O -> V expectancy d. A -> Z expectancy e. V -> P expectancy
E -> P expectancy
Which of the following is a control system that measures performance in terms of after-tax profits minus the cost of capital invested in tangible assets?
Economic value-added system
131. _____ is power sharing, or the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in an organization. a. Engagement b. Synergy c. Motivation d. Empowerment e. Leadership
Empowerment
82. _____ theory deals with employee's perception of fairness. a. Expectancy b. Reinforcement c. Need hierarchy d. Equity e. ERG
Equity
81. Which of the following is an example of a process theory of motivation? a. Need hierarchy theory b. Equity theory c. Two-factor theory d. ERG theory e. Acquired needs theory
Equity theory
What is the first step in the feedback control system?
Establishing standards of performance
62. Nelson is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Neil is motivated by which category of needs? a. Physiological b. Safety c. Belongingness d. Esteem e. Self-actualization
Esteem
65. _____ reflects the belief that one's own group is superior to other groups.
Ethnocentrism
68. _____ is the belief that groups are inherently equal.
Ethnorelativism
85. Which of the following is based on the relationships between effort, performance, and outcomes? a. Equity theory b. Expectancy theory c. Reinforcement theory d. Two-factor theory e. ERG theory
Expectancy theory
Which of the following includes anticipated and actual expenses for a responsibility center?
Expense budget
79. _____ involves exposing traditional managers to nontraditional peers to help break down stereotypical beliefs.
Exposure
Although diversity contributes to higher levels of agreement in a team setting, it also results in reduced creativity. True False
False
Distributive negotiation is a collaborative approach to negotiation that is based on a win-win assumption, whereby the parties want to come up with a creative solution that benefits both sides of the conflict. True False
False
Task conflict refers to interpersonal incompatibility that creates tension and personal animosity among people. True False
False
The stage of team development in which conflicts are resolved and members focus on problem solving is called reforming. True False
False
The tendency to see one's own personal traits in other people refers to attribution
False
Two common behaviors of the socioemotional role are energizing and encouraging. True False
False
When a team is in moderate competition with other teams, its cohesiveness decreases as it strives to win. True False
False
Work team effectiveness is based on two outcomes--productive output and marketplace acceptance. True False
False
125. _____ is the extent to which doing the job provides information back to the employee about his or her performance. a. Feedback b. Assessment c. Evaluation d. Satisfaction e. Fulfillment
Feedback
80. In goal-setting theory, which term refers to the need to get information to people about how well they are doing in progressing toward goal achievement? a. Goal specificity b. Goal difficulty c. Goal acceptance d. Feedback e. Goal motivation
Feedback
What is the ideal size of work teams? A. Three B. Five C. Twelve D. Fifteen E. Twenty-three
Five
_____ are created by the organization as part of the formal organization structure.
Formal teams
Which of the following is the first stage of team development? A. Forming B. Storming C. Norming D. Performing E. Reforming
Forming
_____ can present enormous challenges for team leaders, who have to bridge gaps of time, distance, and culture.
Global teams
78. Which term, in goal-setting theory, refers to the need to make goals highly ambitious but achievable? a. Goal specificity b. Goal difficulty c. Goal acceptance d. Feedback e. Goal motivation
Goal difficulty
96. Which of the following is a basic aim of diversity awareness training?
Helping individuals become aware of their own prejudices
Which of these is based on a set of international standards for quality?
ISO certification
_____ provide the basic information used for financial control of an organization.
Income statements
73. The majority of hourly workers at Formatting Unlimited are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. What would Herzberg recommend if your goal were to increase their level of satisfaction? a. Increase the level of hygiene factors b. Increase the level of motivators c. Decrease the level of motivators d. Decrease the level of hygiene factors e. None of these
Increase the level of motivators
57. Which of the following is not a dividend of workplace diversity?
Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits.
In the process of implementing the balanced scorecard approach at his company, operations manager Seth Howard wonders whether internal activities and processes add value for customers and shareholders. This involves which dimension of the balanced scorecard?
Internal business processes
110. Which of the following is the application of motivational theories to the structure of work for improving productivity and satisfaction? a. Job design b. Job enlargement c. Job simplification d. Job characteristics e. Job enrichment
Job design
115. Which of the following combines a series of tasks into one new, broader job? a. Job simplification b. Job enlargement c. Job rotation d. Job characteristics e. Job lay-off
Job enlargement
117. Karen is a first line supervisor at Wolfs, Inc. She wishes to increase her employee's opportunities for growth and learning. Which of the following techniques should she use? a. Job enlargement b. Job enrichment c. Job rotation d. Positive reinforcement e. Continuous
Job enrichment
113. _____ systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job. a. Job simplification b. Job rotation c. Job enlargement d. Job enrichment e. None of these
Job rotation
Linda is viewed by her colleagues as someone who makes productive contributions through talent, knowledge, and good work habits, but she is sometimes hard to work with because of her communication style. Based on the Level 5 leadership spectrum, Linda would be placed in which category?
Level 1: Highly capable individual
Which of the following refers to the highest level in a hierarchy of manager capabilities?
Level 5 leadership
Ricky is well loved by his co-workers at Axel Cable Inc. He is viewed as having a great deal of humility, often giving credit for successes to other members of his team. As such, Ricky would be placed in which category of the Level 5 leadership spectrum?
Level 5: Level 5 executive
The _____ style to handle conflict involves a low degree of assertiveness and a high degree of cooperation.
accommodating
The conversion ratio is considered to be a(n) _____ ratio.
activity
Darren and his team have just finished Project A, and are preparing to disband. Darren and his team are in the _____ stage of team development. A. forming B. storming C. norming D. performing E. adjourning
adjourning
Once some teams have evolved to the _____ stage of team development, task performance is no longer the top priority. A. performing B. storming C. adjourning D. norming E. achieving
adjourning
______ is the degree to which a person is able to get along with others by being good-natured, cooperative, forgiving, understanding, and trusting.
agreeableness
128. Empowering employees means giving employees _____. a. information b. knowledge c. power d. rewards e. all of these
all of these
Which of the following characteristics of leaders have been studied?
all of these, personality traits, physical traits, social traits, work-related traits
51. Inclusive dimensions of diversity include:
all of these.
132. On the continuum of empowerment, employees who are self-managed: a. give input. b. participate in decisions. c. are responsible for decision process and strategy. d. have no decision discretion. e. make decisions.
are responsible for decision and process strategy
A(n) ______ is an evaluation that predisposes a person to act in a certain way.
attitude
______ are judgments about what caused a person's behavior-something about the person or something about the situation.
attributions
According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 19, the interest in self-awareness is part of a growing discipline called _____.
auto-analytics
The _____ style to handle conflict involves a low degree of assertiveness and a low degree of cooperation.
avoiding
Frank regretfully missed an important deadline at work. His boss, George, thinks to himself, "Frank missed that deadline because he is lazy; I really need to crack down on him more." This is an example of what kind of attribution? A. External attribution B. Internal attribution C. Horizontal attribution D. Vertical attribution E. Skewed attribution
b
Good listeners exhibit all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: a.asking questions. b.having preconceptions. c.tolerates bad habits. d.judges content, not delivery errors. e.all of these.
b
Managing emotion is a basic component of emotional intelligence. Which of the following best describes managing emotions? A. It is the basis for all the other components; being aware of what you are feeling. B. It is the ability to balance one's moods so that worry, anxiety, fear, or anger do not cloud thinking. C. It is the ability to be hopeful and to persist in the face of obstacles. D. It is the ability to be able to put yourself in someone else's shoes. E. It is the ability to connect to others and build positive relationships.
b
The general assurance in one's own ideas, judgment, and capabilities is referred to as: A. locus of control. B. self- confidence. C. self-efficacy. D. perceptual selectivity. E. cognitive dissonance.
b
Traits of _____seem to be particularly important in today's collaborative organizations. A. likability B. agreeableness C. friendliness D. openness E. sociability
b
When an electronic mail system is installed as part of the communication system, what element of the communication process is changed? a.Message b.Channel c.Receiver d.Sender e.Filter
b
When informing your staff of the date for the company picnic, a ________ would be the most practical and successful. a. telephone b. memo c. newspaper notice d. video conference e. face-to-face contact
b
Which of the following is(are) part of keys to effective listening? a. listen for facts b. listen for ideas c. be passive, laid back d. have preconceptions e. all of these
b
_____ does not focus on a single receiver, uses limited information cues, and does not permit feedback. a.A personal memo b.Bulletins c.Telephone conversations d.Face-to-face contact e.Video conference
b
_____ refers to the set of characteristics that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, or people in the environment. A. Dissonance B. Personality C. Halo effect D. Attitude E. Perception
b
_____conflict occurs when an individual perceives incompatible demands from others. A. Attitude B. Role C. Personality D. Perception E. Ability
b
Malcolm Bagget has been working as a production employee for the last three years. His firm is currently undergoing a change in structure with a new management group and the production department is being restructured. Each production employee will be assigned to a small six-member production team. Malcolm is looking forward to the extensive cross training that has been promised and is looking forward to enjoying more power and discretion than he has had in the past. In addition to skill training, Malcolm is receiving management training in team building. One of Malcolm's co-workers, Danny Newcomber, is great at reducing tension by telling jokes and in other ways drawing off emotions when the group atmosphere is tense. Additionally, Danny can be counted on to energize by stimulating the team into action when the interest drops. Danny is demonstrating which of these? a. The task specialist role b. The task and socioemotional role c. The socioemotional role d. The participator role e. None of these
The task and socioemotional role
Recently, Beagle Boutique was attempting to hire a middle manager. They were looking for an intelligent, active, and creative individual. Which approach to leadership was Beagle using?
The trait approach
88. Which of the following prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, and sex?
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
The distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader are known as:
Traits
Which type of leader clarifies the role and task requirements of subordinates?
Transactional
The _____ leader is distinguished by his/her ability to bring about organizational change.
Transformational
1. Employee motivation affects productivity, and part of a manager's job is to channel motivation toward the accomplishment of organizational goals. a. True b. False
True
11. Esteem needs are those needs that relate to the desire for a positive self-image and to receive attention, recognition, and appreciation from others. a. True b. False
True
20. A high need for power often is associated with successful attainment of top levels in the organizational hierarchy. a. True b. False
True
26. The equity theory focuses on individual's perceptions of how fairly they are treated relative to others. a. True b. False
True
31. Valence is the perceived value of a reward or outcome. a. True b. False
True
34. The administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior is positive reinforcement. a. True b. False
True
38. One weakness of the use of punishment in organizations is that it fails to indicate the correct behavior. a. True b. False
True
42. Job enlargement combines a series of tasks into one new, broader job. a. True b. False
True
43. The degree to which the job is perceived as important and having an impact on the company or customers refers to task significance. a. True b. False
True
45. Skill variety, task identity, and task significance tend to influence the employee's psychological state of experienced meaningfulness of work. a. True b. False
True
47. Empowering employees means giving them four elements that enable them to act more freely to accomplish their jobs: information, knowledge, power, and rewards. a. True b. False
True
48. Employee stock ownership plans give employees part ownership of the organization, enabling them to share in improved profit performance. a. True b. False
True
49. Organizations that empower employees often reward them based on the results shown in the company's bottom line. a. True b. False
True
5. The arousal, direction and persistence of behavior refers to motivation. a. True b. False
True
A free rider is a person who benefits from team membership but does not make a proportionate contribution to the team's work. True False
True
Diet Soda Company has teams with high cohesiveness. Additionally, the teams are normally focused on their commitment to quality performance. This combination can be expected to result in high productivity. True False
True
Employee involvement started out simply with techniques such as information sharing with employees or asking employees for suggestions about improving the work. Gradually, companies moved toward greater autonomy for employees, which ultimately led to self-directed teams. True False
True
From attributions viewpoint, if the behavior is in consensus, the perceiver will probably respond to similar situations in the same way.
True
Groupthink occurs when people are so committed to a cohesive team that they are reluctant to express contrary opinions. True False
True
Making explicit statements about the desired team behaviors is a powerful way leaders influence norms. True False
True
Norms begin to develop in the first interactions among members of a new team. True False
True
One of the primary advantages of virtual teams is the ability to rapidly assemble the most appropriate group of people to complete a project, solve a problem, or exploit a specific strategic opportunity. True False
True
Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to the study of how individuals and groups tend to act in organizations.
True
Organizations don't want to lose talented, highly skilled workers, so they try to create an atmosphere of job satisfaction.
True
Research studies have confirmed that both functional diversity and gender diversity can have a positive impact on work team performance. True False
True
Team cohesiveness does not necessarily lead to higher team productivity. True False
True
The degree to which a person is outgoing, sociable, assertive, and comfortable with interpersonal relationships is called extroversion.
True
The link between satisfaction and performance, according to research, is generally small and is affected by other factors.
True
______ is a behavior pattern characterized by extreme competitiveness, impatience, aggressiveness, and devotion to work.
Type A behavior
______ is a behavior pattern characterized by extreme competitiveness, impatience, aggressiveness, and devotion to work
Type A behavior
91. Abbi works at Railroad Ties. Her bosses continually indicate that her motivational level is low. Abbi agrees, but is unwilling to work harder until the company changes the types of reward it offers its employees. Which of the following is low for Abbi? a. E -> P expectancy b. O -> P expectancy c. Valence d. Motivators e. O -> E indicators
Valence
92. Which of the following describes the value or attraction an individual has for an outcome? a. Motivators b. Valence c. O -> V expectancy d. P -> O expectancy e. E -> V expectancy
Valence
108. _____ occurs when an individual sees others perform certain behaviors and get rewarded for them. a. Vicarious learning b. Self-efficacy c. Self-reinforcement d. Delegation e. Experiential learning
Vicarious learning
Fred, a software engineer, is in charge of scrutinizing electronic communication patterns as part of his role within a virtual team at work. Fred's role fulfills which virtual team practice? A. Using technology to build relationships B. Shaping culture through technology C. Monitoring progress and rewards D. Administering rewards E. Using global teams to develop technology
Monitoring progress and rewards
Silver n' Gold Inc. recently introduced a new control philosophy where all employees have access to the same information that owners have, such as what money is coming in and where it is going. This is an example of which control philosophy?
Open-book management
Which of the following allows employees to see for themselves the financial condition of the company?
Open-book management
101. Although she loves her job, Gloria is contemplating leaving it to focus her energy on parenting her three children. This would demonstrate which factor affecting women's careers?
Opt-out trend
90. Tim is a manager at Chuck's Construction. He sees little opportunity for advancement at Chuck's Construction, regardless of how well he performs. Which of the following expectancies is low for Tim? a. E -> P expectancy b. O -> V expectancy c. P -> O expectancy d. E -> V expectancy e. None of these
P -> O expectancy
Michael's team has evolved to the storming stage of team development. As team leader, what should Michael be emphasizing? A. Lots of informal interaction B. Participation by all team members C. Task accomplishment D. Goal achievement E. Disbanding team
Participation by all team members
63. _____ describe the most basic human physical needs, including food, water and oxygen. a. Self-actualization needs b. Physiological needs c. Esteem needs d. Belongingness needs e. Safety needs
Physiological needs
All of the following are major approaches to leadership EXCEPT:
Progressive Leadership
56. Which of the following theories focuses on employee learning of desired work behaviors? a. Reinforcement theory b. ERG theory c. Hierarchy of needs theory d. Experiential learning theory e. Content theory
Reinforcement Theory
_____ is any organizational department or unit under the supervision of a single person who is responsible for its activity.
Responsibility center
_____ power is based in the ability of the leader to do such things as recommend promotions.
Reward
When leaders influence others through the exchange of benefits or favors, which influence tactic is being used?
Rule of Reciprocity
When leaders influence others through the exchange of benefits or favors, which influence tactic is being used?
Rule of reciprocity
_____ teams typically consist of 5 to 20 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs to produce an entire product or service or at least one complete aspect or portion of a product or service.
Self-directed
123. _____ is an individual's belief about his or her abilities to successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome. a. Self-control b. Self-efficacy c. Self-reinforcement d. Autonomy e. Delegation
Self-efficacy
Jessica has just been appointed leader of a new work team in her organization. She is wondering what to do at her first meeting with the group. Which of the following would you suggest? A. She should waste little time; get the team focused on the task. B. She should help the team clarify roles and responsibilities. C. She should allow time for team members to become acquainted with one another; allow for informal social interaction. D. She should let someone else worry about this since she is the leader. E. She should propose to disband the team.
She should allow time for team members to become acquainted with one another; allow for informal social interaction.
For control, this type of measure is an important part of achieving higher performance.
Statistical
61. _____ is a rigid, exaggerated, irrational belief associated with a particular group of people.
Stereotype
62. Stephanie is nervous about giving a presentation at the marketing firm where she works. One of her male coworkers told her, "Don't be such a girl, attack that presentation!" Now Stephanie is so concerned about appearing tough that she can barely concentrate on the content of the presentation. Stephanie's anxiety stems from:
Stereotype
64. _____ is a psychological experience of a person who, usually engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggesting he or she will not perform well on that task.
Stereotype threat
______ is the tendency to assign an individual to a group or broad category and then attribute generalizations about the group to the individual.
Stereotyping
Which of the five stages of team development is marked by conflict and disagreement? A. Performing B. Norming C. Storming D. Forming E. Reforming
Storming
are natural talents and abilities that have been supported and reinforced w/ learned knowledge and skills and provide each individual w/ his or her best tools for accomplishment and satisfaction
Strengths
89. Which of the following groups has the largest wage gap between genders?
White
87. _____ are less likely than _____ to develop mentoring relationships.
Women; men
All of the following are tactics for promoting stronger organizational commitment EXCEPT: A. naintaining a secretive culture B. being honest and trustworthy in business dealings.. C. giving employees a say in business decisions. D. treating employees fairly. E. offering employees rewards that they value.
a
An evaluation that predisposes a person to act in a certain way is called a(n) _____. A. attitude B. authoritarianism C. perception D. projection E. personality
a
Rachel is described by her colleagues as pragmatic, super-competitive, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded. She fits which personality category most closely? A. High Mach B. Low Mach C. High Feeling D. Low Feeling E. Moderate Thinking
a
InfoTech's new product team has a norm of backing up each of their computer's hard drives at the end of each working day. This norm developed because one day a computer virus infected the team's computer network and destroyed many important computer files. The cause of this norm was clearly: A. an explicit statement. B. carryover behaviors. C. primacy. D. a critical event. E. none of these.
a critical event.
66. An ethnocentric perspective leads to:
a monoculture.
Which of the following is more common in large teams? A. Member satisfaction B. The development of subgroups C. Agreement D. Commitment E. All of these
The development of subgroups
What are the four components of emotional intelligence? Explain.
The four components of emotional intelligence are: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship awareness.
72. Which of the following is an invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions?
The glass ceiling
43. _____ serves as invisible barriers to important horizontal movement within the organization.
The glass wall
74. Trouser's Inc. top management is exclusively made up of older white males. Trouser's promotes from within and top management is most comfortable with individuals who are similar to them. Women and minorities at this company who wish to be promoted are likely to experience _____.
the glass ceiling effect
Quality circles are based on the assumption(s) that:
the people who do the job know it better than anyone else.
Brad is a department manager at Home Theater, Inc. His sole role in the budget process is to implement the budget that is developed for him. This is an example of:
top-down budgeting.
A contingency factor that can influence the success of a TQM program in a negative way is that:
union leaders are left out of QC discussions.
A(n) _____ is composed of a manager and his or her subordinates in the formal chain of command.
vertical team
86. Samuel, a sales associate at an electronics store, learns that his base pay is higher than any other sales associate in the store. He justifies his higher salary to the idea that he must be a top sales associate, generating more revenue than anyone else. This example demonstrates which method for reducing perceived inequity? a. Working harder, not smarter b. Changing outcomes c. Changing work effort d. Changing perceptions e. Leaving the job
Changing perceptions
"A fire that ignites followers" is used to describe which leadership characteristic?
Charisma
Which of the following types of leader is one who has the ability to motivate subordinates to transcend their expected performance
Charismatic
Shifting one's own opinions to maintain team harmony refers to which socio-emotional role? A. Energizing B. Initiating ideas C. Encouraging D. Following E. Compromise
Compromise
Which of the following is a follower who participates actively in the organization but does not use critical thinking skills?
Conformist
Researchers at the Ohio State University identified two major behaviors called:
Consideration and Initiating Structure
58. Which of the following theories emphasize the needs that motivate people? a. Process b. Reinforcement c. Content d. Contingency e. Situational
Content
Which of the following refers to the system of governing an organization so that the interests of corporate owners are protected?
Corporate governance
Which of these, according to the leadership grid, is a 1,9 management style?
Country Club Management
118. _____ is an important part of the job characteristics model. a. Critical psychological states b. A hierarchy of needs c. Schedules of reinforcement d. All of these e. None of these
Critical psychological states
90. _____ mentoring relationships sometimes leave both parties uncomfortable.
Cross-race
Wilson is viewed by his boss as driven, tenacious, and hardworking in the pursuit of his goals. These characteristics fit within which category?
Work-related characteristics
Jason has been unemployed for three months. When his wife asked him why he was not looking for a job, Jason responded, "If I am lucky, I will get my old job back." Jason would be considered as having a(n): A. external locus of control. B. high conscientiousness. C. sensation and intuition type personality. D. internal locus of control. E. high Mach attitude.
a
Jay is a trusting and forgiving individual who gets along with others because of being good-natured and cooperative. This describes which of the Big Five personality factors? A. Agreeableness B. Conscientiousness C. Emotional stability D. Openness to experience E. Extroversion
a
Research shows that the link between _____ and _____ is small and is influenced by other factors. A. satisfaction; performance B. stress; work C. stress; home D. stress; performance E. satisfaction; personality
a
Seeking positions of power and responsibility, Chandra has rapidly moved up the ranks within her organization. Colleagues describe her as someone with a tremendous amount of energy, and a powerful force for leadership within the organization. Based on this description, Chandra has what type of personality? A. Type A B. Type B C. Type C D. Type X E. Type Y
a
Selina is meeting with her subordinate Mike for his annual performance review. At the end of the review, Mike tells Selina that he is confused about some things she said. By asking Selina to explain certain things in more detail, Mike is engaging in which component of the communication process? a.Providing feedback b.Sifting through noise c.Selecting a channel d.Encoding the message e.Decoding the message
a
The receiver _______ the symbols to interpret the meaning of the message. a. decodes b. must ignore c. responds to d. encodes e. transmits
a
The tendency to overestimate the contribution of internal factors to one's successes and the contribution of external factors to one's failures is a result of: A. self-serving bias. B. openness to experience. C. over stability. D. emotional plateau. E. Machiavellianism.
a
To be effective communicators, managers should: a. encourage the use of multiple channels of communication b. limit use of communication technology c. strictly push for face-to-face communication d. enhance lateral communication opportunities by encouraging teams e. focus primarily on enhancing downward communication in the organization
a
Upward communication is usually used to communicate information about all of the following EXCEPT: a. indoctrination b. grievance and disputes c. financial and accounting information d. performance reports e. suggestions for improvement
a
When interviewing prospective employees, Samuel, a seasoned manager, often observes hand gestures, facial expressions, and use of space to gauge individuals' personalities. These are all examples of: a.nonverbal communication. b.empathizing. c.direct communication. d.nuance communication. e.listening.
a
Which of the following has the lowest channel richness? a. bulletins b. memos c. telephone d. electronic mail e. face-to-face talk
a
Which of the following is the tendency to assign an individual to a group or broad category and then to attribute widely held generalizations about the group to the individual? A. Stereotyping B. Projection C. Figure- ground D. The halo effect E. Perceptual defense
a
Which of these styles, according to Jung, avoids specifics, decentralizes decision-making and develops few rules and regulations? A. Intuitive-feeling B. Sensation-thinking C. Intuitive-thinking D. Sensation-feeling E. None of these.
a
_____ and _____ are potential sources for communication errors, because knowledge, attitudes, and background act as filters. a.Decoding, encoding b.Decoding, channel c.Decoding, noise d.Encoding, channel e.Encoding, noise
a
_____ is necessary for communication to be considered two-way. a.Feedback b.Channel c.Message d.Noise e.Circuit
a
_____ is the acquisition and cultivation of personal relationships that cross departmental, hierarchical, and even organizational boundaries. a.Personal networking b.The grapevine c.Dynamic relationship d.Fundraising e.Network nurturing
a
67. Phlex Plastic has a very strong set of corporate values. In fact, Phlex has been known to discourage the emergence of alternative values. Phlex is most likely:
a monoculture.
74. The desire to form close personal relationships, avoid conflict, and establish warm friendships, describes: a. a need for affiliation. b. a need for power. c. a need for achievement. d. a need for authority. e. all of these.
a need for affiliation
Heather belongs to an informal group at work that meets twice a month to discuss common issues and problems in the workplace. Recently, this group has been focusing on ways to improve safety in the workplace. This group is an example of:
a quality circle.
The _____ conflict resolution style is best when maintaining harmony is important. A. competing style B. collaborating style C. accommodating style D. avoiding style E. comprising
accommodating style
135. The hygiene factors, or dissatifiers, that Donovan can influence include all of the following EXCEPT: a. salary and wages. b. supervision relationships. c. working conditions. d. company policies. e. all are hygiene factors.
all are hygiene factors
Some of the key characteristics associated with charismatic leaders include:
all of these, visionary skills, communication skills, motivation skills
All the following are conflict handling styles discussed in your text EXCEPT: A. competing style. B. assertive style. C. avoiding style. D. accommodating style. E. compromising style.
assertive style.
99. The removal of an unpleasant consequence following a desired behavior is referred to as: a. avoidance learning. b. punishment. c. positive reinforcement. d. extinction. e. inefficient management.
avoidance learning
A centralized network is one in which: a.team members are free to interact with any of the team members. b.team members communicate through one individual to make decisions. c.team members communicate with an assigned partner. d.team members work independently and there is no need for communication. e.none of these.
b
A widely used personality test that measures how people differ on all four of Jung's sets of paired opposites is the ______. A. Keirsey personality test B. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator C. Eysenck Personality Test D. Enneagram Personality Type Detector E. Oxford Capacity Analysis
b
An overall impression of a person or situation based on one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable, is an example of: A. projection. B. the halo effect. C. perceptual defense. D. stereotyping. E. attribution.
b
Characteristics of a good listener are someone who: a. asks questions, listens for facts, and avoids distractions b. asks questions, summarizes, and listens to central themes c. listens between lines, starts to argue, and works hard d. shows interest, works hard, and starts to argue e. shows interest, judges content, and has preconceptions
b
Individuals high on authoritarianism have problems with: A. power and toughness. B. use of subjective feelings. C. sticking to conventional values. D. obeying recognized authority above them.
b
Many organizations use suggestion boxes, open door policies, and surveys to facilitate: a.diagonal communication. b.upward communication. c.formal communication. d.downward communication. e.informal communication.
b
Messages that appraise how well individuals and departments are doing their jobs are called: a.job instructions. b.performance feedback. c.practices. d.indoctrination. e.implementation of strategies.
b
Ron, a new associate at Barkley and Sons, is working to cultivate personal relationships with individuals outside of his department, in hopes that someday these relationships will help him succeed professionally. Ron is developing which of the following? a.Informal channel of communication b.Personal communication network c.Organizational grapevine d.Focus group e.Career pathway team
b
The capacity of an information channel is influenced by all of these except: a. both the ability to establish a personal focus and the ability to facilitate rapid, two-way feedback b. the ability to minimize costs c. the ability to establish a personal focus d. the ability to facilitate rapid, two-way feedback e. the ability to handle multiple cues simultaneously
b
The tendancy to overestimate the contribution of external factors is part of which perceptual bias? A. Projection B. The fundamental attribution error C. The halo effect D. Figure ground E. Selective perception
b
The tendancy to overestimate the contribution of internal factors is part of which perceptual bias? A. Projection B. Self- serving bias C. The halo effect D. Figure ground E. Selective perception
b
Which communication channel would be most successful to inform managers of impending company-wide layoff? a.Telephone conversations b.Face-to-face contact c.Electronic media d.Written media e.None of these
b
Which of the following links employees in all directions, ranging from the president through middle management, support staff, and line employees? a.Vertical communication b.The grapevine c.Upward communication d.Management by wandering around e.Diagonal communication
b
Which of the following refers to the degree to which a person is focused on a few goals, thus behaving in ways that are responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented? A. Agreeableness B. Conscientiousness C. Emotional stability D. Openness to experience E. Extroversion
b
Which of the following refers to work behavior that goes beyond job requirements and contributes as needed to the organization's success? A. Job satisfaction B. Organizational citizenship C. Cognitive dissonance D. Job involvement E. Organizational Commitment
b
_____ refers to messages designed to motivate employees to adopt the company's mission and cultural values and to participate in special ceremonies. a.Performance feedback b.Indoctrination c.Job instructions d.Practices e.Implementation of strategies
b
_______ are examples of channels which managers might choose to use when communicating with employees. a. newsletter, telephone, and feedback b. telephone, electronic mail, and memo c. television, encoding, and letter d. national newspapers and television e. all of these
b
_____is the process by which individuals screen and select the various objects and stimuli that vie for their attention. A. Person-job fit B. Perceptual selectivity C. Organizational citizenry D. Projection E. Perceptual grouping
b
_____refers to a positive attitude toward one's job. A. Organizational citizenship B. Job satisfaction C. Cognitive dissonance D. Organizational commitment E. Job involvement
b
Blaming the teacher for a poor grade on an exam, and taking credit for good grades could be an example of which perceptual bias? A. perceptual distortion. B. closure activity. C. the fundamental attribution error. D. stereotyping. E. perceptual grouping.
c
Compared to men, women tend to: a.stare and point more. b.value their position at center stage. c.use verbal language to exhibit knowledge and skill. d.use their unique conversational style to show involvement. e.enjoy demonstrating their knowledge.
c
If Ben is tense, nervous, depressed and insecure, he would tend to be rated as low on which of these factors? A. Agreeableness B. Conscientiousness C. Emotional stability D. Openness to experience E. Extroversion
c
In what stage of the perception process are individuals likely to put things into patterns? A. Selecting B. Projecting C. Organizing D. Sensing E. Reasoning
c
Jay, a divisional vice president of a consumer goods manufacturer, gives a presentation to all divisional employees to outline the company's goals for the coming year. This is an example of what type of organizational communication? a.Grapevine communication b.Lateral communication c.Downward communication d.Virtual communication e.Upward communication
c
Research shows that _____are predisposed to being pragmatic, capable of lying to achieve personal goals, more likely to win in win-lose situations, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded. A. high introverted individuals B. high authoritarians C. high Machs D. low extroverted individuals E. low Machs
c
Roy is a top executive at a cigarette manufacturing company who believes that cigarettes are dangerous products and they kill people. This condition can be described as: A. job involvement. B. extroversion. C. cognitive dissonance. D. Machiavellianism. E. job satisfaction.
c
Sharon is a part of a software engineering team. Her task is to develop a diagnostic program for the medical profession. This is a very complex task. What type of communication structure would work best for her group? a. linear b. centralized c. decentralized d. focused e. all of these
c
Which of the following refers to the tendency to place the primary responsibility for one's success or failure either within oneself or on outside forces? A. Machiavellianism B. Emotional stability C. Locus of control D. Authoritarianism E. Extroversion
c
Which of the following terms is the belief that power and status differences should exist within the organization? A. Extroversion B. Machiavellianism C. Authoritarianism D. Perceptual distortion E. Locus of control
c
An employee with a high degree of _____ is more likely to want to stay with their current company. A. work happiness B. cognitive dissonance C. organizational fit D. organizational committment E. cognitive evaluations
d
Canyon River, Inc. is looking for an individual who has a broad range of interests and is imaginative, creative, artistically sensitive, and willing to consider new ideas. Which of these factors are they emphasizing in their search? A. Agreeableness B. Conscientiousness C. Emotional stability D. Openness to experience E. Extroversion
d
Communication is defined by the text as the process by which information is: a.transmitted to others. b.stored. c.shared. d.exchanged and understood by two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior. e.received.
d
During breaks at work. Albert and Daphne talk occasionally about the problems that they are working on at work, in hopes that they can help each other out. This is an example of what type of organizational communication? a. formal communication b. upward communication c. virtual communication d. lateral communication e. downward communication
d
Highly successful salespeople spend _____ of a sales call letting the customer talk. a.40-50 percent b.all c.15-20 percent d.60-70 percent e.none
d
Individuals who believe that they control their own destiny are described as having a: A. high external locus of control. B. high Mach personality. C. low introversion characteristic. D. high internal locus of control. E. low Mach personality.
d
Information distortion or loss of message content is a major problem with: a.upward communication. b.formal communication. c.horizontal communication. d.downward communication. e.informal communication.
d
Jenna composes an email from home to her boss to inform him that she will be late getting to work that day. The act of composing an email involves which stage of the communication process? a.Decoding the message b.Selecting a channel c.Providing feedback d.Encoding the message e.Sifting through noise
d
Josh evaluates Kandi's performance and gives her an "outstanding" based on his knowledge that she came to work everyday earlier than anyone else and therefore she is extremely hardworking. Josh is making which of these errors in perceptual judgment? A. Perceptual defense B. Projection C. Stereotyping D. The halo effect E. Figure-ground
d
Keys to effective listening include all of the following EXCEPT: a.find areas of interest. b.listen for ideas. c.be responsive. d.have preconceptions. e.all of these are keys to effective listening.
d
Silvia, a seasoned assembly line worker at an automobile manufacturer, wants to demonstrate to Allison, a new trainee, how her job relates to other organizational activities. This encompasses which downward communication topic? a.Performance feedback b.Indoctrination c.Practices d.Job instructions e.Goals
d
Studies have found that the characteristic most common to top executives is: A. a Type A personality. B. a workaholic mentality. C. an unsatisfied worker. D. an optimistic attitude. E. an introverted personality.
d
The Big Five personality factors includes all of these EXCEPT: A. extroversion. B. conscientiousness. C. emotional stability. D. locus of control. E. agreeableness.
d
The cognitive process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information is called: A. selective retention. B. dissonance. C. attitude. D. perception. E. personality.
d
The first step in the perception process is _____. A. contrasting B. attribution C. reasoning D. observation E. stereotyping
d
The learned behaviors associated with being male or female are referred to as: a.plurality. b.stereotypes. c.ethnocentrism. d.gender roles. e.racial roles.
d
The term _____ is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication." a.communication medium b.anticipation nervousness c.public consternation d.communication apprehension e.leadership trepidation
d
Type A behavior pattern is characterized by all of these EXCEPT: A. impatience. B. devotion to work. C. aggressiveness. D. relaxed lifestyle. E. extreme competitiveness.
d
What kinds of skills are fundamental necessities in every part of a manager's job? a.MBWA b.Organizational c.Punishment d.Communication e.Analysis
d
What percentage of a manager's time is spent in direct communication? a.20 percent b.40 percent c.100 percent d.80 percent e.50 percent
d
When a group of workers have routine tasks to perform, a ________ communication structure allows more time for the task to be completed a. decentralized b. team c. gossip d. centralized e. linear
d
Which of the following describes the last step in the perception process? A. Observing information B. Screening the information C. Selecting what to process D. Organizing the selected data into patterns E. Transmitting the observed information
d
Which of the following is defined as the tendency to direct much of one's behavior toward the acquisition of power and the manipulation of others for personal gain? A. Authoritarianism B. External locus of control C. Introversion characteristic D. Machiavellianism E. Organizational citizenship
d
The control "system" at FreshFood Corporation is based on the culture of the organization and norms that develop in the individual work teams. This is an example of:
decentralized control.
Josh is a manager at On-The-Go Cars. He recently has read quite a bit of literature on the benefits of work teams. He is particularly interested in forming a vertical team. There are twenty-eight employees in his department. Josh should: A. recruit more employees for his department; twenty-eight is too small for a work team. B. form one team of twenty-eight employees. C. divide the group into four teams of seven employees each. D. forget the team idea; he has too many employees and he shouldn't divide his work group. E. do his job and not worry about teams.
divide the group into four teams of seven employees each.
88. A recent study from the U.S. Department of Labor shows that the top reason that people leave their jobs is because they: a. don't make enough money. b. don't feel appreciated. c. don't believe in what the organization stands for. d. don't like their colleagues. e. don't like their boss.
don't feel appreciated
All of the following are things bad bosses do to create stress for their subordinates EXCEPT: A. Bully and harass people to keep them on their toes. B. Create perpetual doubt about how well employees are performing. C. Fail to give people credit for their contributions and achievements. D. Impose unreasonable demands and overwhelming workloads. E. Tell people exactly what is expected of them.
e
An interdisciplinary field dedicated to the study of how individuals and groups tend to act in organizations is called: A. sociology. B. vocational counseling. C. cultural anthropology. D. psychology. E. organizational behavior.
e
Bernice is a talkative, assertive, and sociable individual who is very comfortable with interpersonal relationships. Which of the following is applicable to Bernice? A. Machiavellianism B. Conscientiousness C. Agreeableness D. Emotional stability E. Extroversion
e
Channel richness refers to the: a.number of channels available at any one time. b.number of messages a channel can carry at one time. c.profitability potential of a proposed channel. d.speed in which messages can be carried. e.amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode.
e
Most executives now believe that important information flows from the: a.internal to external. b.horizontal level to diagonal level. c.diagonal level. d.top down. e.bottom up.
e
People generally experience _____ when their work matches their needs and interests, when working conditions and rewards (such as pay) are satisfactory, and when the employees like their co-workers. A. job involvement B. extroversion C. cognitive dissonance D. Machiavellianism E. job satisfaction
e
People with an external locus of control are: A. more achievement oriented. B. better able to handle complex information and problem solving. C. more independent. D. easier to motivate. E. easier to lead.
e
The skills of _____ require receiving messages to accurately grasp facts and feelings to interpret the meaning of the message. a.communication b.managing c.telling d.reception e.listening
e
When managers who express positive emotions such as happiness, enthusiasm, and appreciation trigger these same positive emotions in employees, _____is happening. A. Perceptual selectivity B. Cognitive dissonance C. Contagious feeling D. Self-efficacy E. Emotion contagion
e
Which of the following is a way for managers to promote organizational committment? A. Making work difficult B. Punishing poor performance C. Creating more rules D. Giving more rewards E. Being honest
e
Which of the following is described by the text as a communication channel that flows within the chain of command or task responsibility defined by the organization? a.Upward communication b.Horizontal communication c.Diagonal communication d.Downward communication e.Formal communication
e
Which of the following is the best advice for written communication that is highly important? a.Keep it long b.Use technology channels to distribute the message c.Use jargon d.Use pretentious language e.Get a second opinion
e
Will explains to his boss that his computer has a virus, and needs to be scanned and cleaned. This is an example of which topic of upward communication? a.Suggestions for improvement b.Performance reports c.Grievances and disputes d.Financial and accounting information e.Problems and exceptions
e
73. Women make up less than 16 percent of all Fortune 500 executives. This could be due to:
equal opportunity.
66. Alderfer referred to the needs for physical well being as _____ needs. a. physiological b. existence c. belongingness d. relatedness e. growth
existence
Andrea is team leader of the focus group at her organization. In the past, the group was plagued by lack of cooperation and disrespect. Today, she told team members that if anyone tried to undermine another member, that person would be kicked off the team. This is an example of a(n): A. critical event. B. explicit statement. C. experiential carryover. D. implied norm. E. accommodation.
explicit statement.
54. Katie dislikes almost everything about her job. The only reason she continues to work at Mace Autobody is the excellent benefits package she receives. Katie is motivated by: a. extrinsic rewards. b. intrinsic rewards. c. variable rewards. d. all of these. e. none of these.
extrinsic rewards
CyberChasers Corporation sends a post-purchase questionnaire to all consumers who buy their products. They are interested in gathering data on product quality, customer service orientation, and customer satisfaction. This is an example of a:
feedback control.
The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors on another's behavior and to overestimate the influence of internal factors is called the ______.
fundamental attribution error
The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors on another's behavior and to overestimate the influence of internal factors is called the ______.
fundamental attribution error
The LHX quality task force has a strong leader in Josh Clark. Josh runs efficient meetings, where he leads discussion and decision-making. In the end, tasks are delegated to members for subsequent follow-up. The LHX task force can best be characterized as a(n) _____. A. club B. team C. group D. organization E. none of these
group
A manager can put together a(n) _____ of people, but never build a(n) _____.
group; team
The tendency for people to be so committed to a cohesive team that they are reluctant to express contrary opinions refers to _____. A. brainstorm B. brain dump C. group innovation D. groupthink E. group anxiety
groupthink
97. Research has shown that network groups:
help retain minority employees.
The basic philosophy of control at Nutrients-For-You, Inc. is based on the policies found in the employee handbook, as well as a strict hierarchy of authority. This philosophy is consistent with:
hierarchical control.
Megan is a manager at Botell International. She is very friendly and extremely respectful of her subordinate's welfare. She can be described as:
high in consideration
According to the leadership grid, _____ means the absence of a management philosophy, where managers exert little effort toward interpersonal relationships or work accomplishment.
impoverished management
116. A job design that incorporates achievement, recognition, and other high-level motivators into the work is referred to as: a. job simplification. b. job rotation. c. job enlargement. d. job enrichment. e. none of these.
job enrichment
A positive attitude toward one's job is called ______.
job satisfaction
The less effective leaders, in the University of Michigan studies, were called:
job-centered leaders
126. The job characteristic of feedback provides the worker with: a. employee growth-need strength. b. experienced meaningfulness of work. c. experienced responsibility. d. knowledge of actual results. e. demotivation.
knowledge of actual results
The tendency to place the primary responsibility for one's success or failure either within oneself (internally) or on outside forces (externally) is called the ______.
locus of control
The accommodating style of conflict resolution is based on a _____ degree of assertiveness and a _____ degree of cooperativeness. A. high, high B. high, low C. low, high D. low, low E. low, medium
low, high
The avoiding style of conflict resolution is based on a _____ degree of assertiveness and a _____ degree of cooperativeness. A. high, high B. high, low C. low, high D. low, low E. low, medium
low, low
According to the control model, after establishing standards of performance the manager should:
measure actual performance.
The process of using a third party to settle a dispute is known as _____.
mediation
Herman is a team leader at CyberChasers. He usually tries to resolve conflict by referring the problem to a third party, such as his boss. This style of conflict resolution is known as: A. arbitration. B. mediation. C. bargaining. D. superordinate goals. E. negotiation.
mediation.
86. Birmingham Boardwalk, Inc. uses a(n) _____ program to provide minorities and women with direct training and inside information on the norms and expectations of the organization.
mentoring
114. Which of these combines a number of tasks horizontally into one, new broader job? a. Job simplification b. Job rotation c. Job enrichment d. All of these e. None of these
none of these
138. One of Donovan's best employees has a driving need to be able to attain a high standard of success, to master complex tasks, and to surpass others. Donovan recognizes these acquired needs as defined as: a. the need for accomplishment. b. the need for power. c. the need for affiliation. d. the need for adaptation. e. none of these.
none of these
During the _____ stage of team development, conflict is resolved, and team harmony and unity emerge.
norming
47. The average U.S. worker, today, is _____ than ever.
older
The goal of _____ is to get every employee thinking and acting like a business owner.
open-book management
Loyalty to and heavy involvement in one's organization is called ______.
organizational commitment
______ is the cognitive process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information.
perception
Errors in perceptual judgment that arise from inaccuracies in any part of the perception process are called ______.
perceptual distortions
Some team members are asked to play a dual role. These members: A. engage in two sets of behaviors: initiation and energize. B. perform both role: task specialist and socioemotional. C. perform both roles: liaison and negotiator. D. engage in two sets of behavior: follow and compromise. E. do not do anything.
perform both role: task specialist and socioemotional.
During the _____ stage of team development, the major emphasis is on problem solving and accomplishing the assigned task.
performing
Self-directed teams are _____ teams. A. temporary B. permanent C. ad-hoc D. task force E. none of these
permanent
An individual's ______ is the set of characteristics that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, or people in the environment.
personality
An individual's ______ is the set of characteristics that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, or people in the environment.
personality
Colleen Farney at TeleTech shows vast knowledge, intelligence, cognitive ability, and keen decisiveness. Which personal characteristic of leadership is she showing?
personality
The quality and quantity of task outputs as defined by team goals is known as _____.
productive output
102. Gloria can enjoy higher success through diversity by accommodating employees' special needs, including all of the following EXCEPT:
provide paternity and maternity leave and flexible hours for dual income families.
50. Traditional model dimensions of diversity include:
race.
All of the following are interpersonal influence tactics EXCEPT:
rely on the rule of demand
All of the following are common dysfunctions of teams EXCEPT: A. lack of trust. B. avoidance of accountability. C. fear of conflict. D. lack of commitment. E. results orientation.
results orientation.
Candice uses praise, letters of support, and pats on the back as ways of influencing her subordinate's behaviors. All of these actions are highly valued by the work group. This is an example of:
reward power
137. The motivator factors, or satisfiers, that Donovan can change and influence include all of the following EXCEPT: a. recognition. b. growth opportunities. c. achievement. d. salary. e. all are motivator factors.
salary
In the context of work team effectiveness, _____ pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members. A. cohesiveness B. satisfaction C. commitment D. leadership E. norms
satisfaction
65. According to Maslow, the highest order needs are: a. self-actualization needs. b. physiological needs. c. esteem needs. d. belongingness needs. e. safety needs.
self-actualization needs
53. All of these are inclusive dimensions of diversity EXCEPT:
sexual orientation.
Kyle's work group consistently exceeds the goals the members set for themselves some months ago. In an attempt to better motivate the group, Kyle thought it would be a good idea to set new goals. This is an example of Kyle exercising control by:
taking corrective action.
______ are stressors arising from the tasks required of a person holding a particular job.
task demands
A _____ is a group of employees from different departments formed to deal with a specific activity and existing only until the task is completed. A. vertical team B. command team C. special purpose team D. task force E. functional group
task force
121. The degree to which the job is perceived as important and having impact on the company or customers is referred to as: a. task complexity. b. task identity. c. task significance. d. task structure. e. task simplification.
task significance
A role in which the individual devotes personal time and energy to helping the team accomplish its task is called a(n) _____ role.
task specialist
There are two types of roles that emerge in teams. They are the ____ role and the ____ role. A. task specialist, socioeconomic B. generalists, socioeconomic C. task specialist, socioemotional D. generalists, socioemotional E. socioemotional, socioeconomic
task specialist, socioemotional
Contingency factors that can influence the success of a TQM program in a negative way include all of the following EXCEPT:
tasks make high skill demands on employees.
98. All of the following are true about employee network groups EXCEPT:
the groups are formally created by the organization.
Decentralized control is usually implemented in all of the following areas EXCEPT:
the quality control department.
84. Organizations must find ways to eliminate the glass ceiling effect. One effective way to do this has been:
to develop mentoring relationships.
The distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader are known as:
traits
The _____ leader is distinguished by his/her ability to bring about organizational change.
transformational
Common types of formal teams are: A. vertical and diagonal. B. horizontal and diagonal. C. vertical and horizontal. D. horizontal and lateral. E. lateral and diagonal.
vertical and horizontal.
109. At Rightway Industries, new hires spend a significant portion of their first week of training just walking around the factory, observing other workers and watching them get rewarded for doing their jobs well. This is an example of: a. vicarious learning. b. self-efficacy. c. self-reinforcement. d. delegation. e. experiential learning.
vicarious learning
A(n) _____ team uses computer technology and groupware so that geographically distant members can collaborate on projects and reach common goals.
virtual
Members of _____ teams remain in separate locations around the world and conduct their work electronically. A. intercultural B. international C. multinational D. virtual global E. distance
virtual global
Sylvia is a member of a team that uses e-mail, instant messaging, and blogging to communicate. Although she sees members of her team on breaks and at lunch, Sylvia does not interact with them face-to-face in a professional setting. Sylvia's team can best be described as a: A. project team. B. global team. C. focus group. D. virtual team. E. self-directed team.
virtual team.
In general, research has found a(n) _____ relationship between personal traits and leader
weak
Today, many virtual teams use _____ to facilitate regular collaboration and open information sharing. A. hand-written messages B. face-to-face communication C. brainstorming D. e-mail E. wikis
wikis
According to research, _____ typically score higher on social and emotional skills.
women
According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 15, when delegating leaders do all of the following EXCEPT:
work alone to accomplish important tasks.
45. All of the following are changes that are reshaping our workforce EXCEPT:
younger workforce.
______ is the degree to which a person is able to get along with others by being good-natured, cooperative, forgiving, understanding, and trusting.
Agreeableness
68. The frustration-regression principle is most closely related with _____. a. Maslow b. Herzberg c. McClelland d. Alderfer e. Adam
Alderfer
136. Donovan understands that perceived inequity creates tensions within individuals that motivate them to bring equity back into balance, and one of his production supervisors feels that she is underpaid. Which of the following is not a common method for reducing perceived inequity? a. Change in his inputs to the organization b. Change his outcomes from the organization c. Distort his perception d. Leave the job for a new one e. All are common methods
All are common methods
122. _____ influences the critical psychological state of experienced meaningfulness of work. a. Skill variety b. Task significance c. Task identity d. All of these e. Task significance and task identity only
All of these
59. In a family where both parents work, which of the following may be helpful to accommodate the parents' needs?
All of these
83. Kara and Simon are both middle managers at Gotcha International. Kara is dissatisfied because she knows that Simon makes more in salary even though, in Kara's opinion, she works longer hours than he does. If Kara wishes to reduce this perceived inequity, what should she do? a. She could reduce the number of hours she works. b. She could increase her level of absenteeism. c. She could ask for a raise. d. All of these. e. Only she could reduce the number of hours she works and she could ask for a raise.
All of these
91. _____ is(are) categories of sexual harassment.
All of these
Which of these is consistent with the role of the socioemotional role? A. Encourage B. Follow C. Compromise D. All of these E. Both encourage and follow
All of these
_____ increases team cohesiveness. A. External competition B. Shared goals C. Team success D. All of these E. Shared goals and team success
All of these
______ are judgments about what caused a person's behavior-something about the person or something about the situation.
Attributions
_____ leaders know and understand themselves, act consistently with high order ethical values, and empower and inspire others.
Authentic
______ is the belief that power and status differences should exist within the organization.
Authoritarianism
According to the Leadership Grid, which of the following occurs when efficiency in operations is the dominant orientation?
Authority-Compliance
100. Which of these is sometimes called negative reinforcement? a. Avoidance learning b. Punishment c. Positive reinforcement d. Extinction e. Neutral learning
Avoidance learning
104. Jeff and Rob have a difficult time getting along at work. Most days, Jeff spends a lot of time cracking jokes and goofing off, while Rob constantly nags him and tells him to act like a grownup. On days when Jeff is more reserved, Rob does not nag him, hoping that this will result in improved behavior down the road. This is an example of which form of behavior modification? a. Empowerment b. Extinction c. Punishment d. Avoidance learning e. Positive reinforcement
Avoidance learning
One of the most important things that a manager can do for the organization, according to the text, is to: a.talk to their employees. b.create a climate of trust and openness. c.listen to their employees. d.ensure that production remains high. e.none of these.
B
Stella, a systems manager for a large technology company, would like to get an understanding of her company's financial position with respect to assets and liabilities at the end of the fiscal year. Which financial statement should she refer to?
Balance sheet
Which of the following is a comprehensive management control system that balances traditional financial measures with operational measures relating to a company's critical success factors?
Balanced scorecard
64. Which need describes the desire to be accepted by one's peer, have friendships, be part of a group, and be loved? a. Self-actualization needs b. Physiological needs c. Esteem needs d. Belongingness needs e. Safety needs
Belongingness needs
Which of the following is the process of measuring your organizational process against the best in the industry?
Benchmarking
_____ and _____ proposed a two dimensional leadership theory called the Managerial Grid.
Blake; Mouton
Which of the following brings norms into the team from outside? A. Critical events B. Primacy C. Carryover behaviors D. Explicit statements E. Recency
Carryover behaviors
Which of these is a financial budget that estimates cash flows on a daily basis or weekly basis to ensure that the company can meet its obligations?
Cash budget
84. Which of the following is NOT a common method for reducing a perceived inequity? a. Change inputs b. Change outcomes c. Distorts perception d. Leave the job e. Change equity
Change equity
87. Yolanda recently learned that Sue, who works in the same position as she and has been with the company for the same amount of time, earns about ten percent more than she does. As a result, Yolanda feels that she should not work as hard, so she starts coming in late and taking more days off. This is an example of which method for reducing perceived equity? a. Working harder, not smarter b. Changing outcomes c. Changing work effort d. Changing perceptions e. Leaving the job
Changing work effort
Which of the following types of leader is one who has the ability to motivate subordinates to transcend their expected performance?
Charismatic
Which of the following types of power is vested in the manager's ability to punish employees?
Coercive
Beth, a middle manager at Heather's Handbags, uses threats and punishments as ways of influencing the behavior of his subordinates. Which of the following sources of power is Beth relying on?
Coercive power
_____ is the extent to which team members are attracted to the team and motivated to remain in it. A. Norming B. Commitment C. Caring D. Cohesiveness E. Leadership.
Cohesiveness
61. Which of the following is NOT a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory? a. Safety needs b. Compensation needs c. Physiological needs d. Esteem needs e. Self-actualization needs
Compensation needs
Which of the following is a model of leadership that describes the relationship between leadership styles and specific organizational situations?
Contingency Approach
Which of the following is a model of leadership that describes the relationship between leadership styles and specific organizational situations?
Contingency approach
_____ refers to the steps taken to complete a company process.
Cycle time
49. _____ is defined as all the ways in which people differ.
Diversity
63. Which of the following refers to special training to help people identify their own cultural boundaries, prejudices, and stereotypes and to develop the skills for managing and working in a diverse workplace?
Diversity training
81. Which of the following is the most common diversity initiative, according to Fortune 1000 respondents?
Diversity-focused recruiting
Which of the following behaviors is NOT consistent with the socioemotional role? A. Encourage B. Energize C. Harmonize D. Compromise E. Follow
Energize
133. _____ is a situation in which employees enjoy their work, contribute enthusiastically to meeting goals, and feel a sense of belonging and commitment to the organization. a. Commitment b. Engagement c. Employee loyalty d. Employee assurance e. Employee guarantee
Engagement
Kendra is a manager at George's Goodies. On a regular basis Kendra and her subordinates set individual and organizational goals. This process is similar to which component of the control model?
Establishing performance standards
Ron meets with his company's accountant to discuss the budget of anticipated and actual expenses for each segment of the organization. This involves review of which type of budget?
Expense budget
102. Which of the following techniques reduces the likelihood that behavior will be repeated? a. Positive reinforcement b. Negative reinforcement c. Extinction d. Reward enhancement e. All of these
Extinction
105. Which of these refers to the withdrawal of a positive reward, meaning that behavior is no longer reinforced and hence is less likely to occur in the future? a. Avoidance learning b. Punishment c. Positive reinforcement d. Extinction e. None of these
Extinction
106. One of your fellow team members at work is continually disrupting the team's work with jokes and general horseplay. You hope that by ignoring him he will stop this senseless behavior. You are attempting to use which reinforcement tool? a. Extinction b. Positive reinforcement c. Negative reinforcement d. Avoidance learning e. Desired behavior is reinforced annually
Extinction
10. According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 16, a criticism of carrot-and-stick approaches is that extrinsic rewards assume people are driven by higher-level needs. a. True b. False
False
12. External and relatedness are the first two groups of needs in Aldefer's ERG theory. a. True b. False
False
14. Herzberg's two-factor theory divides work-related needs into two categories: hygiene factors and reward factors. a. True b. False
False
17. Hygiene factors are the same as satisfiers and are based on fulfillment of higher level needs including responsibility. a. True b. False
False
19. A need for power, a need for accomplishment and a need for superior power is proposed by David McClelland's acquired needs theory. a. True b. False
False
2. Two ways to classify rewards are extrinsic and monetary. a. True b. False
False
22. Expectancy theory is a process theory that focuses on individuals' perception of how fairly they are treated in comparison to other people. a. True b. False
False
25. Goal specificity, in goal-setting theory, refers to the difficulty level of goals. a. True b. False
False
28. Expectancy theory is based on the relationship among the individual's effort and performance and not on the desirability of outcomes. a. True b. False
False
3. Rewards given by another person are intrinsic rewards. a. True b. False
False
32. The expectancy theory attempts to define specific types of needs or rewards to establish that they exist and may be similar to other individuals. a. True b. False
False
35. The imposition of unpleasant outcomes on an employee is avoidance learning. a. True b. False
False
36. Punishment increases the likelihood that behavior will be repeated. a. True b. False
False
4. Extrinsic rewards refers to the satisfaction a person receives in the process of performing a particular action. a. True b. False
False
41. Job enlargement is a job design that incorporates achievement, recognition, and other high-level motivators into the work. a. True b. False
False
44. The job characteristic of autonomy influences the worker's experiencing meaningfulness of work. a. True b. False
False
46. Gain sharing rewards employees with part ownership of the organization based on achieving performance goals. a. True b. False
False
6. Process theories emphasize the needs that motivate people. a. True b. False
False
9. In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, freedom from violence is an example of physiological needs. a. True b. False
False
A change in behavior or performance that occurs as the result of experience refers to perception.
False
A common dysfunction of teams is to be results oriented. True False
False
A competing style to handle conflict involves a high degree of assertiveness and a high degree of cooperation. True False
False
A formal team composed of employees from different areas of expertise and from different levels in the organization's formal chain of command is called a vertical team. True False
False
A group and a team are interchangeable terms. True False
False
A multidomestic team is a work team made up of members of different nationalities whose activities span multiple countries. True False
False
A positive attitude toward one's job is called cognitive attitude.
False
A special purpose team is basically the same as a problem solving team. True False
False
An accommodating style to handle conflict involves a high degree of assertiveness and a low degree of cooperation. True False
False
An internal attribution says something about the situation has caused the person's behavior.
False
Attribution is the cognitive process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information.
False
During the norming stage of team development, individual personalities emerge causing conflict and disagreements. True False
False
From attributions viewpoint, if the behavior is distinctive, the perceiver probably will make an internal attribution.
False
Horizontal teams are created by the organization as part of the formal organization structure. True False
False
Individual personalities emerge during the performing stage. True False
False
Job satisfaction is work behavior that goes beyond job requirements and contributes as needed to the organization's success.
False
Negotiation is the process of using a third party to settle a dispute. True False
False
Productive output pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members. True False
False
Proximity is the tendency to group sensory data because they are alike in some way.
False
Recency supports the old truism that first impressions really do count.
False
Recent surveys indicate that the majority of working individuals strongly trust in their top management.
False
Satisficing is a team's ability to meet personal needs of its members and hence maintain their membership and commitment. True False
False
Teams run efficient meetings, whereas groups run meetings that encourage open-ended discussion. True False
False
The compromising style of conflict management reflects a high degree of cooperativeness and a low degree of assertiveness. True False
False
The five stages of team development are forming, storming, reforming, performing, and adjourning. True False
False
The four common ways in which norms develop for controlling and directing behavior are critical events, primacy, carryover behaviors, and implicit statements. True False
False
Which of the following is a formal team composed of a manager and his or her subordinates? A. Functional team B. Horizontal team C. Self-managed team D. Special-purpose team E. Social team
Functional team
44. Which workforce generation category is characterized as ambitious but lacking loyalty to the organization?
Generation Y
76. Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively of men. This demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers?
Glass ceiling
70. Highroller Casinos provides good salaries and benefits, including bonuses of up to 25 percent of annual salaries. However, the company has been criticized for not establishing an achievement or recognition program for its employees. Which of the following best describes the company in terms of the two-factor theory? a. Good motivators and inadequate hygiene factors b. Good hygiene factors and inadequate motivators c. Good hygiene factors and motivators d. Inadequate hygiene factors and motivators e. None of the above
Good hygiene factors and inadequate motivators
Amber is a member of a work team at Buchanon Dance, Inc. She often attempts to help disagreeing parties reach agreement. This is an example of which socioemotional role behavior? A. Compromise B. Follow C. Reduce tension D. Harmonize E. Summarize
Harmonize
77. Alden is a recent college graduate. He is unsure about his future. A counselor in his university's career resources office recently told Alden that he had a high need for achievement. Based on this, what type of career should Alden pursue? a. He should look for work as a project manager. b. He should think about starting his own business. c. He should look for work in "corporate America," he is sure to climb to the top. d. He should play the Lotto. e. None of these.
He should think about starting his own business
At LBK Industries, responsibility for quality control rests with a team of quality control inspectors and supervisors rather than with employees. LBK uses what type of organizational control?
Hierarchical control
57. Which motivation theory proposes that needs must be satisfied in sequence? a. Reinforcement theory b. ERG theory c. Hierarchy of needs theory d. Experiential learning theory e. Social learning theory
Hierarchy of needs theory
59. Which of the following is a content theory that proposes that people are motivated by physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs? a. Reinforcement theory b. Process theory c. Situational theory d. Hierarchy of needs theory e. Contingency theory
Hierarchy of needs theory
46. Which racial or ethnic category currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group?
Hispanic
48. Which of the following group is expected to grow the most in employment from 2008 to 2018?
Hispanic
_____ means being unpretentious and modest rather than arrogant and prideful.
Humility
_____ standards represent an international standard for quality management.
ISO 9000
Sally is a member of a work team at Beauty-R-Us Corporation. She often proposes new solutions to team problems. This is an example of which task specialist role? A. Harmonize B. Seek information C. Initiation D. Reduce tension E. Compromise
Initiation
Which of the following is NOT one of the four key strategies for achieving a win-win solution through negotiation? A. Separate the people from the problem B. Focus on interests C. Generate many alternatives for mutual gain D. Insist that results be based on objective standards E. Keep the demands at the center
Insist that results be based on objective standards
At work, Sue Ellen favors a consensual and collaborative process, where influence derives from relationships rather than positions of power and formal authority. As such, she can best be viewed as what type of leader?
Interactive
______ are stressors associated with relationships in the organization.
Interpersonal demands
Which of the following is NOT a valid component of authentic leadership?
Isolates Self From Others
Which of the following is NOT a valid component of authentic leadership?
Isolates self from others
Mistletoe Corporation has a detailed set of organizational goals and management information system that delivers timely and accurate information. Mistletoe still has control problems, however, because its managers refuse to act on the information they receive. Mistletoe's control process has flaws in which of the following areas?
Its ability to take corrective action when necessary
Focusing on how well resources and human capital are being managed for the company's future by showing an improvement trend over periods of time refers to which component of the balanced scorecard?
Learning and growth
Which of the following is the power coming from a formal management position in the organization?
Legitimate power
The leader who builds an enduring great organization through a combination of personal humility and professional resolve is a _____
Level 3
The leader who builds widespread commitment to a clear and compelling vision and stimulates people to high performance is a _____ leader
Level 4
Which of the following refers to funding activities with borrowed money?
Leverage
129. Ricky is a manager at InfoServices, where she rewards the top sales employee every month by giving him or her a high-definition TV or PC. This is an example of what employee motivation program? a. Pay for performance b. Lifestyle award c. Employee stock ownership plan d. Flexible work schedule e. Team-based compensation
Lifestyle award
Which financial control system measures the stock market's estimate of the value of a company's past and projected capital investment projects?
Market value-added
85. Which of the following refers to a higher ranking, senior organizational member who is committed to providing upward mobility and support to a protégé's professional career?
Mentor
_____ reflects a moderate amount of concern for both people and production.
Middle of the Road Management
_____ reflects a moderate amount of concern for both people and production.
Middle of the road management
Which of the following statements is true? A. Morale is higher in cohesive teams. B. Productivity is lower in cohesive teams. C. Satisfaction is lower in cohesive teams. D. Morale always suffers in cohesive teams. E. Absenteeism rates are substantially higher with cohesive teams.
Morale is higher in cohesive teams.
51. Which of the following is the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior? a. Commitment b. Motivation c. Satisfaction d. Rewarding behavior e. Behavior modification
Motivation
71. Which of the following are high-level needs, according to Herzberg, and include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and opportunity for growth? a. Hygiene factors b. Extrinsic factors c. Motivators d. Dissatisfiers e. All of these
Motivators
72. _____ have the greatest impact, according to Herzberg, on job satisfaction. a. Hygiene factors b. Reinforcers c. Motivators d. Dissatisfiers e. All of these
Motivators
Which of the following types of power stems from a leader's special knowledge?
None of these, reward power, referent power, legitimate power, coercive power.
Which of the following is a standard of conduct that is shared by team members and guides their behavior? A. Leadership B. Cohesiveness C. Norm D. Attitude E. None of these
Norm
Dale's work team is beginning to resolve its conflicts and consensus is developing on such things as members' roles. Dale's team is in which stage of team development? A. Norming B. Forming C. Storming D. Performing E. Reforming
Norming
During which stage of team development does team unity emerge? A. Forming B. Storming C. Performing D. Norming E. Adjourning
Norming
During which stage of team development should the team leader help clarify team roles, norms, and values? A. Adjourning B. Storming C. Forming D. Performing E. Norming
Norming
75. _____ implies that women's commitment to their children limits their commitment to the company or their ability to handle the rigors of corporate management.
Opt-out trend
77. Riya was a highly successful manager at Optics International. After ten years with the company, she decided to leave and become a fulltime mother and caregiver to her ailing father. This example demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers?
Opt-out trend
Which of the following is the systematic process through which managers regulate organizational activities?
Organizational control
_____ refer(s) to the difference between assets and liabilities and is the company's net worth in stock and retained earnings.
Owners' equity
Use of the balanced scorecard can hinder or decrease organizational performance if it is implemented using which type of orientation?
Performance measurement orientation
_____ power comes from personal sources that are not as invested in the organization, such as personal interests, goals, and values.
Personal
Referent power depends on the leader's:
Personal Characteristics
Self-confidence, honesty and integrity, and the desire to lead, are all components of which personal characteristic of leaders?
Personality
69. Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures?
Pluralism
_____ power comes from organizational structure and promotes stability, order, and problem solving within the structure.
Position
97. Which of the following is the administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior? a. Avoidance learning b. Punishment c. Positive reinforcement d. Extinction e. Suspension
Positive reinforcement
Which of these is the potential ability to influence the behavior of others?
Power
_____ means that the first behaviors that occur in a team often set a precedent for later team expectations. A. Critical events B. Primacy C. Carryover behaviors D. Explicit statements E. Recency
Primacy
93. Which of the following theories concern the thought processes that influence behavior? a. Process b. Reinforcement c. Content d. Needs e. Maslow's
Process
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of team structure and context influence cohesiveness? A. Personal attraction to the team B. Productivity expectations C. Shared goals D. Team interaction E. All of these are components
Productivity expectations
All of the following are major approaches to leadership EXCEPT:
Progressive leadership
101. _____ is the imposition of unpleasant outcomes on an employee. a. Avoidance learning b. Punishment c. Positive reinforcement d. Extinction e. Avoiding punishment
Punishment
103. One of your fellow students is continually late to class. The professor has tried numerous verbal warnings and recently took points away from the student's grade. Based on the above, the professor's actions are consistent with which of the following reinforcement techniques? a. Negative reinforcement b. Punishment c. Positive reinforcement d. Avoidance learning e. Rewards enhancement
Punishment
_____ is(are) most beneficial when employees have challenging jobs.
Quality circles
Which of the following behaviors is consistent with the socioemotional role? A. Reduce tension B. Give opinions C. Seek information D. Summarize E. Energize
Reduce tension
58. Smileline Inc. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees fulltime daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which dividend of workplace diversity?
Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits
60. _____ focus on employee learning of desired work behaviors. a. Contingency theories b. Situational theories c. Content theories d. Process theories e. Reinforcement theories
Reinforcement theories
96. Which of the following theories places an emphasis on behavior and its consequences? a. Two-factor theory b. Need hierarchy theory c. Reinforcement theory d. ERG theory e. Equity theory
Reinforcement theory
_____ pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members.
Satisfaction
Which of the following statements is true? A. Self-managed teams are empowered with decision-making authority. B. Self-managed teams still rely heavily on their manager. C. Self-managed teams have little access to resources. D. Self-managed teams will eventually develop into problem-solving teams. E. None of these
Self-managed teams are empowered with decision-making authority.
130. On the continuum of empowerment, what is the highest level of empowerment that requires the most complex skills? a. Self-management b. Suggestion programs c. Participation groups d. Cross-functional teams e. Periodic briefings
Self-management
_____ works best for employees with moderate readiness, according to Hersey and Blanchard.
Selling and participating
A(n)_____ leader works to fulfill subordinated needs and goals as well as to achieve the organization's larger mission.
Servant
Jerome, a manager at Welford Nonprofit Group, is known for his selflessness and willingness to give to others. He likes working in the nonprofit sector because he wants to apply his skills and abilities to serve others who are less fortunate. Based on this information, which type of leader best describes Jerome?
Servant leader
92. Which is the highest level of sexual harassment?
Sexual crimes
Tiffany recently discovered that the reject rate for her department has exceeded the standard for performance in this area. What should Tiffany do to exercise effective control?
She should investigate and discover the cause of the problem.
Hersey and Blanchard are responsible for which theory?
Situational Theory
Which of the following is a quality control approach that emphasizes a relentless pursuit of higher quality and lower costs?
Six Sigma
Which quality control technique uses a five-step methodology to define, measure, analyze, improve, and control processes, otherwise referred to as DMAIC?
Six Sigma
_____ refers to the tendency for the presence of others to enhance an individual's motivation and performance.
Social facilitation
_____ refers to the tendency for the presence of others to enhance one's motivation and performance. A. Public praise B. Social facilitation C. Community motivation D. Social performance E. Societal inspiration
Social facilitation
107. Which theory proposes that an individual's motivation can result not just from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from the person's thoughts and beliefs and his or her observations of other people's behavior? a. Reinforcement theory b. Hierarchy of needs theory c. ERG theory d. Experiential learning theory e. Social learning theory
Social learning theory
124. Daisy tried to apply the job characteristics model to her workforce, but it only worked for some of her employees. Which of the following may be a reason why it did not work for everyone? a. Some of her employees are lazy. b. Some of her employees are low in growth-need strength. c. Some of her employees have a low need for power. d. All of her employees have high growth-needs. e. Some of her employees have low affiliation needs.
Some of her employees are low in growth-need strength
Which of the following teams are created outside the formal organization structure to undertake a project of special importance or creativity? A. Vertical B. Command C. Special-purpose D. Cross-functional E. Functional
Special-purpose
______ is the tendency to assign an individual to a group or broad category and then attribute generalizations about the group to the individual.
Stereotyping
A physiological and emotional response to stimuli that place physical or psychological demands on an individual is called ______.
Stress
_____ are goals that cannot be attained by a single party. A. Conflict goals B. Mission-driven goals C. Superordinate goals D. Competitive goals E. Extraordinary goals
Superordinate goals
120. Which of the following refers to the degree to which an employee performs a total job with a recognizable beginning and ending? a. Task complexity b. Task identity c. Task significance d. Task structure e. None of these
Task Identity
______ are stressors arising from the tasks required of a person holding a particular job.
Task demands
Which of the following is consistent with initiating structure?
Task oriented behavior
A(n) _____ is a unit of two or more people who interact and coordinate their work to accomplish a specific goal.
Team
_____, _____, and _____ are the three characteristics of team structure and context influence cohesiveness.
Team interaction; shared goals; personal attraction to the team
Which of the following does NOT pertain to teams? A. Teams have a designated strong leader B. Teams have individual and mutual accountability C. Specific team vision or purpose D. Collective work products E. All of these pertain to teams
Teams have a designated strong leader
According to the situational theory of Hersey and Blanchard, which of the following leader styles matches up best with low readiness subordinates?
Telling Style
According to the situational theory of Hersey and Blanchard, which of the following leader styles matches up best with low readiness subordinates?
Telling style
Sandra views herself as a tough but fair supervisor. She gives explicit directions to her subordinates about how tasks should be accomplished, but is not always approachable when they come to her with questions. Her employees sometimes feel that she is too gruff and impersonal. Which category on the situational leadership grid does Sandra fit into?
Telling style
Explain the Big Five personality factors. Are these applicable in an international context?
The Big Five personality factors describe an individual's extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Research has been limited to subjects in the United States, so it is difficult to apply in an international context.
Charlie, a manager at a textile company, is bothered by a lack in quality of products manufactured by his company. Charlie hopes to infuse quality into the company through continuous improvement by involving everyone who works there. This describes which control philosophy?
Total quality management
Which of the following is a philosophy of organization-wide commitment to continuous improvement, focusing on teamwork, customer satisfaction, and lowering costs?
Total quality management
55. Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age, and disability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which model of corporate diversity?
Traditional model
Andy's subordinates say that they love working for Andy because he inspires them to not only believe in the organization but to believe in their own potential as well. Based on this example, Andy can best be described as what type of leader?
Transformational
13. Many companies are finding that creating a humane work environment that allows people to achieve a balance between work and personal life is also a great high-level motivator. a. True b. False
True
15. Factors that influence job satisfaction based on fulfillment of high-level needs such as achievement, recognition, and opportunity for growth are called motivators. a. True b. False
True
16. Hygiene factors are the same as dissatisfiers and include company policies and procedures. a. True b. False
True
18. The implication of the two-factor theory for managers is clear. Providing hygiene factors will eliminate employee dissatisfaction but will not motivate workers to high achievement levels. a. True b. False
True
21. The group of theories that explain how employees meet their needs and determine their success are called process theories. a. True b. False
True
23. Goal acceptance, in goal-setting theory, means that employees have to "buy into" the goals and be committed to them. a. True b. False
True
24. Goal-setting theory proposes that managers can increase motivation by setting specific, challenging goals that are accepted as valid by subordinates, then helping people track their progress toward goal achievement by providing timely feedback. a. True b. False
True
27. The equity theory, by J. Stacy Adams, states that equity exists when the ratio of outcomes to inputs for one person is equal to the same ratio for another person. a. True b. False
True
29. Motivation increases, according to the expectancy theory, when the worker believes that the successful performance will result by putting effort into a given task. This is called E-P expectancy. a. True b. False
True
30. According to expectancy theory, for an employee to be highly motivated, E-P expectancy and valence must be maximized. a. True b. False
True
33. Behavior that is positively reinforced tends to be repeated, and behavior that is not reinforced tends not to be repeated, as stated in the Law of Effect. a. True b. False
True
37. Punishment is the imposition of an unpleasant outcome following undesirable behavior. a. True b. False
True
39. Extinction is defined as the withdrawal of positive reward. a. True b. False
True
40. Job rotation systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job. a. True b. False
True
50. Employee engagement means that people enjoy their jobs and are satisfied with their work conditions, contribute enthusiastically to meeting team and organizational goals, and feel a sense of belonging and commitment to the organization. a. True b. False
True
7. Three categories of motivation theories are content theories, process theories, and reinforcement theories. a. True b. False
True
8. Physiological needs are the most basic human physical needs, which are reflected in the workplace as needs for adequate heat, air, and base salary to ensure survival. a. True b. False
True
A collaborative approach to negotiation that is based on a win-win assumption, whereby the parties want to come up with a creative solution that benefits both sides of the conflict is called integrative negotiation. True False
True
A common cause of conflict includes scarce resources. True False
True
A competitive and adversarial negotiation approach in which each party strives to get as much as it can, usually at the expense of the other party is called distributive negotiation. True False
True
A halo blinds the perceiver to other attributes that should be used in generating a more complete assessment.
True
A task force or a crossfunctional team is a group of employees from different departments formed to deal with a specific activity and existing only until the task is completed. True False
True
A team is defined as a group of two or more people who interact and coordinate their work to accomplish a specific objective. True False
True
A team shares or rotates leadership roles while a group has a designated strong leader. True False
True
An avoiding style to handle conflict involves a low degree of assertiveness and a low degree of cooperation. True False
True
As a general rule, changing one component of an attitude can contribute to an overall change in attitude.
True
As a general rule, large teams make need satisfaction for individuals more difficult. True False
True
Global teams can pose a problem for team leaders with regards to language, technology, and belief differences. True False
True
In the adjourning stage of team development, task performance is not a priority. True False
True
Loyalty to and heavy involvement in one's organization refers to organizational commitment.
True
Organizing the selected data into patterns for interpretation and response is the last step in the perception process.
True
Self-directed teams are empowered with decision-making authority, allowing members to have the freedom to select new members, solve problems, spend money, monitor results, and plan for the future. True False
True
Self-directed teams consist of 5 to 20 multi-skilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product or service. True False
True
Self-serving bias is when people give themselves too much credit for what they do well and give external forces too much blame when they fail.
True
Social facilitation is the tendency for the presence of others to influence an individual's motivation and performance. True False
True
Team members take the responsibilities of scheduling work and vacations and ordering materials in a self-directed team. True False
True
Teresa is highly imaginative and an artistically sensitive individual who displays a high degree of creativity. According to the Big Five personality factors, these qualities describe her openness to experience.
True
The process of using a third party to settle a dispute is called mediation. True False
True
The storming stage of team development is marked by conflict and disagreement. True False
True
Virtual and global teams are particularly prone to communication breakdowns. True False
True
A quality circle is a group of _____ volunteer employees.
6 to 12
The recommended management style from the leadership grid is _____.
9,9
Which of the following refers to a formal team composed of employees from about the same hierarchical level but from different areas of expertise? A. A special-purpose team B. A cross-functional team C. A self-managed team D. A vertical team E. A diagonal team
A cross-functional team
Which of the following is a component of a team? A. People in a team do not have to have regular interaction. B. Four or more people are required to form a team. C. A performance goal is shared between team members. D. Teams tend to be small groups, usually with less than 10 people. E. Each member tends to set his/her own goals for the team.
A performance goal is shared between team members.
_____ is a role in which the individual provides support for team members' emotional needs. A. A task specialist role B. A dual role C. A nonparticipator role D. A socioemotional role E. None of these
A socioemotional role
Which of the following refers to a unit of two or more people who interact and coordinate their work to accomplish a specific objective? A. An organization B. A team C. A committee D. A council E. Leadership
A team
The firm's financial position with respect to assets and liabilities at a specific point in time is shown by its:
balance sheet.
Pauline is an area manager at Ironman Gym. She anticipates her area's needs and formulates a proposed budget every quarter. She then sends this proposal to her manager. This is an example of:
bottom-up budgeting.
78. Pattie's Pancakes recently held a series of focus groups to gather information on employee perceptions of women and minorities in the workplace. In particular, Pattie's was interested in learning about the myths, values, and beliefs that currently exist in their organization. This is an example of:
building a corporate culture that values diversity.
A survey by the Conference Board found that _____ percentage of US workers are satisfied with their work. A. 25 B. 75 C. 45 D. 10 E. 95
c
An example of non-verbal communication is all of these except: a. voice b. body language c. written memo d. posture e. facial expression
c
An individual's strong belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome is referred to as: A. locus of control. B. self- confidence. C. self-efficacy. D. perceptual selectivity. E. cognitive dissonance.
c
Maliah bases her judgments on impersonal analysis. To resolve problems at work, she uses reason and logic rather than personal values or emotional aspects of the situation. In gathering information, Maliah prefers routine and order. Based on this information, Maliah ranks highly in which Myers- Briggs category? A. Judging-Perceiving B. Intuitive-Thinking C. Sensation-Thinking D. Sensation-Feeling E. Intuitive-Feeling
c
Managers' communication is _____-directed, in that it directs everyone's attention toward the vision, values, and desired goals of the team or organization and influences people to act in a way to achieve the goals. a.image b.idea c.purpose d.need e.communication
c
Non-verbal communication has the biggest impact when using _____. a.formal letter b.telephone c.face to face communication d.video conference e.newspaper article
c
_____ refers to a team communication structure in which team members freely communicate with one another and arrive at decisions. a.Circular network b.Linear network c.Decentralized network d.Centralized network e.Gossip structure
c
_____ refers to the amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode. a.Upward communication b.Electronic mail c.Channel richness d.Feedback e.Encoding
c
_____is defined as a positive attitude toward one's job. A. Occupation approval B. Career fulfillment C. Job satisfaction D. Organizational happiness E. Organizational commitment
c
A competitive and adversarial negotiation approach in which each party strives to get as much as it can, usually at the expense of the other party, is called: A. BATNA. B. a bargaining zone. C. mediation. D. integrative negotiation. E. distributive negotiation.
distributive negotiation.
95. Research has shown that:
diverse groups are more creative than homogeneous groups.
A high degree of _____means you can accurately assess your own strengths and limitations and have a healthy sense of self-confidence. A. self-management B. social cohesiveness C. social awareness D. relationship management E. self-awareness
e
According to the text, all of the following are ways managers can improve their writing skills EXCEPT: a.respecting the reader. b.getting a second opinion. c.writing clearly rather than impressively. d.knowing your point and get to it. e.writing lengthy explanations.
e
Messages that convey data or statistics or simply put into words what managers already agree on and understand are referred to as: a.qualitative messages. b.instant messages. c.non-routine messages. d.grapevine messages. e.routine messages.
e
Stress can be caused by: A. task demands. B. role demands. C. interpersonal demands. D. physical demands. E. all of these.
e
Which of these is used for solving intradepartmental problems, interdepartmental coordination, and change initiatives and improvements? a.Informal communication b.Vertical communication c.Upward communication d.Downward communication e.Horizontal communication
e
53. A(n)_____ is an example of an intrinsic reward. a. employee's feelings of self-worth b. pat on the back from your boss c. pay raise d. promotion e. bonus
employee's feelings of self-worth
127. The delegation of power and authority to subordinates is referred to as: a. need for power. b. need for achievement. c. empowerment. d. passing the buck. e. need of affiliation.
empowerment
134. Carla's subordinates view her as a great manager. Not only does she get the job done, but she organizes the workplace in such a way that employees experience a sense of meaningfulness, connection, and growth. This is an example of employee: a. pay-for-performance. b. delegation. c. empathy. d. apathy. e. engagement.
engagement
Once a month, the top managers at George's Greenhouse make a point of meeting with the work teams in their respective divisions in order to communicate to them the organization's priorities, goals, and needs. This is an example of top management attempting to influence team norms through: A. explicit statements. B. primacy. C. carryover behaviors. D. critical events. E. all of these.
explicit statements.
52. A(n)_____ refers to a reward given by another person. a. intrinsic reward b. internal reward c. extrinsic reward d. valued reward e. charity
extrinsic reward
All well-designed control systems involve the use of _____ to determine whether performance meets established standards.
feedback
The ideal size of work teams is often thought to be _____.
five
The _____ stage of development is a period of orientation and getting acquainted.
forming
A(n) _____ is a person who benefits from team membership but does not make a proportionate contribution to the team's work. A. "yes" man B. social worker C. work surfer D. free rider E. groupthink
free rider
A(n) _____ is a team member who attains benefits from team membership but does not actively participate in and contribute to the team's work.
free rider
The term _____ refers to a team member who attains benefit from team membership but does not do a proportionate share of the work.
free rider
Randy is a team leader at Welldrilling.net. His team is made up of fifteen co-workers. Recently, he has noticed a tendency for some team members to participate much less than others. They seem uninterested and content to let others do the work. This is called: A. free riding. B. reduced commitment. C. power realignment. D. the costs of coordination. E. self-directed team.
free riding
A(n) _____ team is composed of employees from about the same hierarchical level but from different areas of expertise.
functional
Tamika is a manager at Sleeveless Clothes, Inc. Recently, she was assigned a work team. She is in charge of the team and it consists of the subordinates under her authority. This is an example of a _____ team. A. horizontal B. functional C. self-managed D. special-purpose E. social
functional
80. Paying a woman less than a man for the same work is an example of::
gender discrimination
All of the following are key steps of setting up feedback control systems EXCEPT:
getting employee opinions.
Total quality management:
gives all employees the responsibility for achieving quality goals.
At FEI Industries, teams of product developers coordinate their work electronically at the North American, European, and Asian sites to coincide with peak operating hours at each location. Such teams are referred to as a _____. A. project team B. committee C. focus group D. global team E. self-directed team
global team
Cross-border work teams made up of members of different nationalities whose activities span multiple countries are called: A. self-directed teams. B. project teams. C. multinational teams. D. long distance teams. E. global teams.
global teams.
79. In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the idea that employees have to "buy into" the goals. a. goal specificity b. goal difficulty c. goal acceptance d. feedback e. goal motivation
goal acceptance
95. In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the degree to which goals are concrete and unambiguous. a. goal specificity b. goal difficulty c. goal acceptance d. feedback e. goal motivation
goal specificity
The early research on leadership traits was referred to as the:
great man approach
The ______ occurs when the perceiver develops an overall impression of a person or situation based on one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable.
halo effect
The ______ occurs when the perceiver develops an overall impression of a person or situation based on one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable.
halo effect
The collaborating style of conflict resolution is based on a _____ degree of assertiveness and a _____ degree of cooperativeness. A. high, high B. high, low C. low, high D. low, low E. low, medium
high, high
The competing style of conflict resolution is based on a _____ degree of assertiveness and a _____ degree of cooperativeness. A. high, high B. high, low C. low, high D. low, low E. low, medium
high, low
Team _____ occurs when individuals and departments rely on other individuals and departments for information or resources to accomplish their work. A. accountability B. cohesiveness C. control D. interdependence E. independence
interdependence
______ are stressors associated with relationships in the organization.
interpersonal demands
55. Sally enjoys her job as a teacher, not because of the pay or benefits, but because she feels good about shaping the minds of tomorrow's leaders. Sally is motivated by: a. power factors. b. leadership factors. c. hygiene factors. d. extrinsic rewards. e. intrinsic rewards.
intrinsic rewards
100. Gloria has recognized that valuing diversity is good for her organization for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
it is mandated by ethical responsibility.
Leadership is reciprocal, according to your text. This means:
it occurs between people.
112. Larry is looking for ways to increase the number of different tasks that an employee performs without increasing task complexity. He should try: a. job simplification. b. job enlargement. c. job rotation. d. job enrichment. e. job lay-off.
job rotation
Which of the following refers to group atmosphere and members' attitude toward and acceptance of the leader?
leader-member relations
Charismatic leaders are often _____ than transactional leaders.
less predictable
The _____ ratio refers to the ability of the organization to meet its current debt obligation.
liquidity
The tendency to place the primary responsibility for one's success or failure either within oneself (internally) or on outside forces (externally) is called the ______.
locus of control
An advantage of the bottom-up budgeting process is:
lower managers are more involved.
Contingency factors that can influence the success of a TQM program in a positive way include all of the following EXCEPT:
managers wait for big, dramatic innovations.
Carmen's group found itself unable to handle a conflict. The group decides to bring in an outside consultant to discuss the conflict with both sides and work toward a resolution. The group is using: A. BATNA. B. a bargaining zone. C. mediation. D. integrative negotiation. E. distributive negotiation.
mediation.
In situations of _____, according to Fiedler, relationship-oriented leaders are more effective.
moderate favorability
70. A culture that accepts only one way of doing things and one set of values and beliefs is referred to as a(n) _____.
monoculture
The _____ the team interacts, the _____ cohesive the team. A. less, more B. more, more C. more, less D. all of these E. none of these
more, more
Self-directed teams consist of 5 to 20 _____ workers. A. union B. non-union C. multiskilled D. low wage E. all of these
multiskilled
71. Most organizations _____ shift from a monoculture perspective to one of pluralism.
must make a conscious effort to
76. Denise has a desire to influence others, be responsible for them, and have authority over them. It can be described as her: a. need for power. b. need for achievement. c. need for affiliation. d. need for relatedness. e. none of these.
need for power
103. Gloria would like to form a women's leadership group to help other women at Sarah's Sharks advance within the company. Membership within the group will be voluntary and open to anyone. This group would best be described as a(n):
network group
99. Shortly after she landed a corporate-level job at InfoBasis, Tonya Kennel formed a women's leadership group to help women advance within the company. Membership within the group was voluntary and open to women with a desire to advance in the company. Tonya's group can best be described as a(n):
network group
Ahmad is a new manager at AJ Homes Company. He has absolutely no experience as a manager nor does he know the technology of his department well. These two factors prevent Ahmad from directing his workforce. This is an example of _____ impacting leadership styles and behaviors.
neutralizers
Malcolm Bagget has been working as a production employee for the last three years. His firm is currently undergoing a change in structure with a new management group and the production department is being restructured. Each production employee will be assigned to a small six-member production team. Malcolm is looking forward to the extensive cross training that has been promised and is looking forward to enjoying more power and discretion than he has had in the past. In addition to skill training, Malcolm is receiving management training in team building. When Malcolm's team encounters the establishment of order and cohesion with the leader helping to clarify team roles and values, then his team is in the developmental stage of team development of _____. a. forming b. storming c. norming d. performing e. adjourning
norming
Kristen, in her role as team leader, has recently switched her style from one of clarifying team roles to one of emphasizing task accomplishment. Her change was driven by a desire to keep pace with her team, which has evolved from the _____ stage to the _____ stage of team development. A. forming, storming B. storming, performing C. performing, adjourning D. norming, performing E. storming, reforming
norming, performing
Ophelia, the new CEO at Odyssey Inc., plans to implement a highly effective systematic process of regulating organizational activities to make them consistent with the expectations that are established by managers within the company. This is referred to as _____ control.
organizational
Work behavior that goes beyond job requirements and contributes as needed to the organization's success is referred to as ______.
organizational citizenship
The forming stage of team development is characterized by: A. the establishment of order and cohesion. B. cooperation. C. problem solving. D. orientation. E. conflict.
orientation.
69. According to Herzberg, _____ is an example of a hygiene factor. a. achievement b. recognition c. pay d. responsibility e. opportunity for growth
pay
The process people use to make sense of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information from the environment is referred to as ______.
perception
During the _____ stage of team development, the major emphasis is on task accomplishment. A. forming B. performing C. achieving D. norming E. storming
performing
Fiedler used all of the following to describe how leaders fit the situation EXCEPT:
personal power
Which of the following is NOT a manager quality?
personal power
98. Bruce publicly praises his employees when they have achieved their goals. Bruce hopes this will increase the likelihood of goal achievement in the future. This is an example of: a. extinction. b. negative reinforcement. c. avoidance learning. d. positive reinforcement. e. none of these.
positive reinforcement
75. A high need for _____ is associated with successful attainment of top levels in the organizational hierarchy, according to McClelland. a. power b. achievement c. affiliation d. success e. expertise
power
94. Theories that explain how employees select the behaviors that allow them to meet their needs are known as: a. content theories. b. contingency theories. c. process theories. d. need hierarchy theories. e. reinforcement theories.
process theories
Net income divided by sales is the correct formula for calculating:
profit margin on sales.
Tammy is a production manager at Eagle's Nest, Inc.. She is concerned that too much money is being wasted on inventory that is sitting in the warehouse too long. She should calculate a(n):
profitability ratio.
A group of 6 to 12 volunteer employees who meet regularly to discuss and solve problems affecting their common work activities is a _____.
quality circle
67. Frank is primarily driven by a need to establish close social relationships with other people. Alderfer would say he is motivated by: a. growth needs. b. existence needs. c. relatedness needs. d. self-actualization needs. e. physiological needs.
relatedness needs
Two leadership styles used by Fiedler in his contingency theory were:
relationship-oriented and task-oriented.
52. All of the following are traditional model dimensions of diversity EXCEPT:
religious beliefs.
Uncertainty about what behaviors are expected of a person in a particular role is referred to as ______.
role ambiguity
Uncertainty about what behaviors are expected of a person in a particular role is referred to as ______.
role ambiguity
Work team effectiveness is based on three outcomes: productive output, capacity to adapt and learn, and _____. A. cohesiveness B. satisfaction C. commitment D. leadership E. norms
satisfaction
Effective virtual team leaders use technology to build relationships through all of the following ways EXCEPT: A. bring attention to and appreciate divers skills and opinions. B. scrutinize electronic communication patterns. C. use technology to enhance communication and trust. D. ensure timely responses online. E. manage online socialization.
scrutinize electronic communication patterns.
In a(n) _____ team, team members take over managerial duties.
self-directed
Carolyn is a member of a work team at Creepy Clown's Company. She and her teammates possess several different skills and are able to perform a major organizational task with little or no oversight from management. Carolyn is a member of a(n): A. union. B. self-directed team. C. project team. D. special-purpose team. E. bureaucratic team.
self-directed team.
A(n)_____ leader works to fulfill subordinated needs and goals as well as to achieve the organization's larger mission.
servant
111. While job ____ can lead to greater task efficiencies, it has failed as a motivational technique. a. rotation b. enlargement c. simplification d. characteristics e. enrichment
simplification
119. The core dimension of Hackman and Oldham's model of job characteristics that is based on the number of diverse activities that make up a job is known as: a. autonomy. b. job enlargement. c. skill variety. d. task identity. e. feedback.
skill variety
A role in which the individual provides support for team members' emotional needs and social unity is called a(n) _____ role
socioemotional
A team created outside the formal organization to undertake a project of special importance or creativity is known as a(n) _____.
special purpose team
To reduce the organization's cycle time is to reduce the number of:
steps in an organizational process.
During the _____ stage of team development, individual personalities emerge. People become more assertive in clarifying their roles and what is expected of them.
storming
During the _____ stage, the team leader should encourage participation by each team member. A. forming B. storming C. norming D. adjourning E. performing
storming
physiological and emotional response to stimuli that place physical or psychological demands on an individual is called ______.
stress
All of the following are leadership qualities EXCEPT :a. visionary. b. innovative. c. promotes change. d. structured. e. nurtures.
structured
A _____ is a situational variable that makes a leadership style unnecessary or redundant.
substitute
A goal that cannot be reached by a single party is called a(n) _____.
superordinate goal
54. Inclusive dimensions of diversity:
can change throughout one's lifetime.
Madison has been assigned to work on the development of a budget that plans future investments in major assets such as buildings and heavy machinery. Madison is working on a(n) _____ budget.
capital
The _____ plans future investments in major assets to be depreciated over several years.
capital budget
93. Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her if she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would be categorized as:
coercion with threat of punishment.
A condition in which two attitudes or a behavior and an attitude conflict is called ______.
cognitive dissonance
A functional team is also referred to as a(n) _____. A. command team B. task force C. special purpose team D. horizontal team E. interorganizational team
command team
A long-lasting, sometimes permanent team in the organization structure created to deal with tasks that recur regularly is called a(n) _____.
committee
Wyatt has recently been appointed by his boss to a group that has been meeting since the company he works for was founded. The purpose of this group is to make budgetary decisions on an ongoing basis. Wyatt's group can best be defined as a _____. A. committee B. global team C. focus group D. virtual team E. self-directed team
committee
Nancy belongs to a horizontal team in her organization. She was selected on the basis of her title, not her expertise. The type of horizontal team she belongs to is likely a(n): A. self-managed work team. B. task force. C. cross-functional team. D. committee. E. ad-hoc committee.
committee.
All of the following are major perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard EXCEPT _____.
competitors
All of these behaviors are consistent with the role of a task specialist EXCEPT: A. seek information. B. initiation. C. summarize. D. compromise. E. energize.
compromise.
The _____ style to handle conflict involves a moderate degree of assertiveness and a moderate degree of cooperation.
compromising
The Leadership Grid uses two leader behaviors, known as:
concern for people and concern for production.
Managing team _____ is the most important skill required for effective team management. A. norms B. cohesiveness C. conflict D. membership E. none of these
conflict
Researchers at the Ohio State University identified two major behaviors called:
consideration and initiating structure
It seems that once a year the managers of Stone Construction, Inc. attempt a major organization intervention, such as management-by-objectives. They never seem to be satisfied with the performance of Stone Construction and, sure enough, 12 months later, along comes another major intervention. By implementing organizational change in this way, Stone Construction's management may well be violating the principle of:
continuous improvement.
The _____ is purchase orders divided by customer inquiries.
conversion ratio
A task force is sometimes called a(n): A. vertical team. B. cross-functional team. C. command team. D. special-purpose team. E. executive team.
cross-functional team.
83. TickTock Clock Corporation is attempting to develop a truly diverse workplace. TickTock's president assigned the human resources department the task of determining the demographics of the local area labor market. This is an attempt to change existing _____ within the organization.
cultures
A manager might use _____ as a type of communication a. meetings b. telephone conversations c. talking informally d. all of these e. meetings and telephone conversations
d
Which of the following is the uncertainty about what behaviors are expected of a person in a particular role? A. Role conflict B. Task overload C. Nonprogrammed decisions D. Role ambiguity E. Task underload
d
Which of the following, in the communication process, has the responsibility to decode the symbols and interpret the meaning of the message? a.Middleman b.Channel c.Sender d.Receiver e.Filter
d
Which of these is the richest medium for communication? a.Voice mail b.Telephone conversations c.Electronic media d.Face-to-face contact e.Written media
d
Which of these styles would likely be appropriate for a counseling job? A. Intuitive-feeling B. Sensation-thinking C. Intuitive-thinking D. Sensation-feeling E. None of these.
d
_____ channels are channels that exist outside the formally authorized channels without regard for the organization's hierarchy of authority. a.Downward communication b.Horizontal communication c.Management by wandering around d.Personal communication e.Upward communication
d
_____ refers to dialogue across boundaries and hierarchical levels about the team or organization's vision, critical strategic themes, and values that help achieve important goals. a.Deliberate talk b.Intentional chat c.Calculated exchange d.Strategic conversation e.Tactical discussion
d
_________ is defined as communication transmitted through actions and behaviors rather than through words. a. Verbal communication b. written communication c. electronic mail d. nonverbal communication e. oral communication
d
_____refers to loyalty to the heavy involvement in the organization. A. Organization citizenship B. Job satisfaction C. Dissonance D. Organizational commitment E. Job involvement
d
_____type people, according to Jung, would rather work with known facts and hard data and prefer routine and order in gathering information. A. Feeling B. Gut-feel C. Intuitive D. Sensation E. Affective
d
Zachary, a manager at ExecuComp, receives quarterly reports, which track his department's production statistics. However, these reports lack key information regarding reject rates. Which of the following components of the control model need improvement?
Measuring actual performance
94. Which of these actions did the U.S. Supreme Court take?
Broadened the definition of sexual harassment to include same sex harassment and harassment of men by female coworkers.
_____ control is the process of setting targets for an organizations expenditures.
Budgetary
_____ indicators focus on production and operating statistics.
Business process
Listening is ____ of effective communication. a. 25 percent b. 40 percent c. 75 percent d. 10 percent e. 50 percent
C
Which of the following is considered a leverage ratio?
Debt ratio
At RWI Distilleries, rules and procedures are used only when necessary. Instead, shared goals and values guide employee behavior. RWI uses what type of organizational control?
Decentralized control
Ryan is a manager at Steve's Stoneworks, Inc. Hersey and Blanchard would consider most of his subordinates highly ready. Based on this, which of the following leadership styles is best for Ryan?
Delegating
______ is the tendency to direct much of one's behavior toward the acquisition of power and the manipulation of others for personal gain.
Machiavellianism
______ is the tendency to direct much of one's behavior toward the acquisition of power and the manipulation of others for personal gain.
Machiavellianism
60. _____ means creating a climate in which the potential advantages of diversity for organizational or group performance are maximized while the potential disadvantages are minimized.
Managing diversity