MGNT- 3013 OSU Ch 11

Which statements regarding workforce trends in the United States are true? (Choose all that apply.)

-The Hispanic population is expanding far more rapidly than any other race. -Asians earn a higher median income than any other race. -The Caucasian population is expected to decrease to about 69% by 2060.

Attitudes are

-directed toward specific objects, people, or events -learned

Emotional intelligence reflects the ability to: (select all that apply)

-monitor your and others' feelings and to use this information to guide your thinking and actions -use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought -carry out accurate reasoning about emotions

Place the steps in the perceptual process in the correct order, with the first step listed at the top and the last step listed at the bottom. Instructions

1. Selective attention 2. interpretation and evaluation 3. Storing in memory 4. Retrieving from memory to make judgments and decisions

People who are involved in a chronic, determined struggle to accomplish more in less time have a Type _____ behavior pattern.

A

Which situational factors can reduce employee engagement?

A job that offers little variety The presence of stressors

The extent to which a person is trusting, cooperative, and good-natured

Agreeableness

What legislation prohibits discrimination against the disabled and requires organizations to provide reasonable accommodation for an individual's disabilities?

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

The extent to which a person is dependable, reliable and responsible

Conscientiousness

Sudden occasions of terror, such as a tornado or fire

Crises

What are reasons for the pay gap between women and men?

Discrimination against women Women's care for children and family members

Negative stress that can cause anxiety and illness

Distress

_____ represents all the ways people are unlike and alike - the differences and similarities in age, gender, race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, capabilities, and socioeconomic background.

Diversity

The extent to which a person is relaxed, secure and unworried

Emotional stability

Which traits are elements of an individual's core self-evaluation?

Emotional stability Self-efficacy Self-esteem Locus of control

_____ is defined as an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work.

Employee engagement

What tend to happen in a positive diversity climate?

Employees have a sense of psychological safety. The organization performs well. Employees are loyal to the organization.

_____ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, and/or behavior are superior to those of another culture.

Ethnocentrism

Positive stress that can stimulate better coping and adaptation

Eustress

The extent to which a person is outgoing, sociable and assertive

Extroversion

Someone who is ethnocentric believes that his or her native country, culture, language, abilities, or behavior is inferior to those of another culture.

False

True of false: Diversity is the same as difference

False

People attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to situational factors

Fundamental attribution bias

What is the term for the way individuals perceive their ability to perform across a variety of different situations?

Generalized self-efficacy

Simple irritants, such as misplacing things or being overworked

Hassles

People with high rates of self-efficacy, including generalized self-efficacy, tend to have what characteristics?

Higher rates of motivation High job performance

What is the term for the attitudes or beliefs that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner?

Implicit bias

Which of the following is true of racial and ethnic populations in American business?

Minorities tend to have a lower median household income than whites.

Which of the following are common ways that employees express burnout?

Missed deadlines Showing indifference to performance Taking longer lunch breaks

According to the Pew Research Center, which statement is accurate regarding predicted trends in the United States during the next few decades?

More women will continue to be hired for top leadership jobs.

Which statement about older workers is true?

Older workers are staying in the workforce longer.

The extent to which a person is imaginative, curious and broad-minded

Openness to experience

What interdisciplinary field is dedicated to understanding and management of people at work?

Organizational behavior

______ is characterized by value-adding behaviors such as making constructive statements about the department, taking a personal interest in the work of others, making suggestions for improvements, and mentoring new employees.

Organizational citizenship

What are the types of employee behavior that managers can influence?

Organizational citizenship behavior Counterproductive work behaviors Performance and productivity Turnover and absenteeism

Which groups are often incorrectly perceived as having low organizational commitment?

Pregnant women Mothers

The self-fulfilling prophecy is also known as the ______________ effect.

Pygmalion

Which of the following are included in the internal dimensions of diversity?

Race Ethnicity Age

This is the ability to communicate clearly and convincingly, disarm conflicts, and build strong personal bonds.

Relationship management

Source of stress that occurs when one feels torn by the different expectations of important people in one's life

Role conflict

Source of stress that occurs when others' expectations exceed one's ability

Role overload

According to psychologist Daniel Goleman, what is the most essential trait of emotional intelligence?

Self-awareness

Jordan realized that his bad mood was causing other people in his work group to feel negatively about the project. Which aspect of emotional intelligence is Jordan displaying?

Self-awareness

Learned helplessness is associated with which facet of a core self-evaluation?

Self-efficacy

_____ occurs when people's expectations of themselves lead them to behave in ways that make those expectations come true.

Self-fulfilling prophecy

This is the ability to control your own emotions.

Self-management

According to Daniel Goleman, which traits make up emotional intelligence?

Self-management Relationship management Self-awareness Social awareness

What is the term for taking more personal responsibility for success than for failure?

Self-serving bias

This trait correlates with empathy.

Social awareness

_________ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.

Stress

Situations that can dramatically strain a person's ability to adapt, such as frequent migraine headaches

Strong stressors

What is organizational commitment?

The extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals

A positive diversity climate enhances which of the following for employees?

Their psychological safety

Why is it important to manage employees as individuals who have different personalities and circumstances?

To influence the way employees behave

True or false: High-level jobs are often less stressful than low-level jobs because people with low-level jobs have less control over their lives.

True

What term describes retired workers' choice to return to the workforce?

Unretirement

Which assumption about the U.S. workforce is true?

Young college graduates are earning less than they used to.

Employee engagement is defined as

a mental state in which a person performing a work activity is fully immersed in the activity, feeling full of energy and enthusiasm for the work.

The Americans with Disabilities Act requires organizations to provide a reasonable _____ for individuals with disabilities in the workplace.

accommodation

A learned predisposition toward a given object is an

attitude

Implicit bias is characterized by the

attitudes and beliefs that we unconsciously hold about groups of people

The activity of inferring causes for observed behavior is known as causal _______.

attribution

Self-_____ is the ability to read your own emotions and accurately assess your moods so that you know how you are affecting others.

awareness

People's values and attitudes affect their workplace _____, which includes their actions and judgments.

behavior

When an individual reaches a state of emotional, mental, or even physical exhaustion, it is called _____.

burnout

Employees who frequently praise their co-workers, show up for work on time, offer helpful suggestions, and take good care of the company's equipment are demonstrating organizational ______.

citizenship

People who feel greater job satisfaction are also likely to experience greater ______.

commitment to the organization motivation life satisfaction

Self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and emotional stability are traits that make up an individual's ______.

core self-evaluation

An organization's ______ climate is the employees' aggregate "perceptions about the organization's diversity-related formal structure characteristics and informal values."

diversity

The ability to monitor your own feelings and those of others and to use this information to guide your thinking and actions is referred to as _____.

emotional intelligence

Self- _______ is defined as the extent to which people like or dislike themselves, or their overall self-evaluation.

esteem

Locus of control, or the extent to which people believe they control their fate through their own efforts, can be characterized as:

external internal

The halo effect exists when we

form an impression of an individual based on a single trait.

The ____________ bias is characterized by the tendency to attribute another person's behavior to their personal characteristics rather than to situational factors.

fundamental attribution

The ______ ceiling is a metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs.

glass

Causal attribution is the act of

inferring causes for observed behavior

Age, gender, and race are ______ dimensions of diversity.

internal

Behavior is defined as the combination of which two elements?

judgments actions

The debilitating lack of faith in your ability to control your environment is referred to as ______.

learned helplessness

The extent to which people believe that they control their fate through their own efforts is called _____.

locus of control

After William's boss asked him to compile sales figures for the past three years, William pulled together the information and turned it over to his boss. After several days of not getting any feedback from his boss, William worried that he hadn't done a good job in presenting the information. William is demonstrating _____.

low self-esteem

The process of interpreting and understanding one's environment is called ______.

perception

In the fundamental attribution bias, a person attributes the behavior of another person to _____.

personal characteristics

Matt is one of those consistently upbeat, optimistic people. He always looks on the bright side of things and sees the glass as half-full rather than half-empty. These characteristics describe Matt's _____.

personality

Organizational behavior is a field of study that explains and ______ behavior.

predicts

The _____ effect is the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information.

recency

The recency effect is defined as the tendency to

remember recent information better than earlier information.

Psychological ______ reflects the extent to which people feel free to express their ideas and beliefs without fear of negative consequences.

safety

The extent to which you feel positive or negative about the various aspects of your work is called job ______.

satisfaction

Even though she had never instructed anyone on how to use the new software, Millicent accepted the responsibility of instructing Sherri because she knew she was capable of doing the job. Which aspect of a core self-evaluation does Millicent's belief represent?

self-efficacy

The belief in one's ability to complete a task is called __.

self-efficacy

The tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics you believe are typical of the group to which that individual belongs is known as _____.

stereotyping

A(n) ______ is an environmental characteristic that causes stress.

stressor

Stress is the feeling of tension and pressure; the source of that stress is known as a(n) _____.

stressor

The self-serving bias is characterized by the tendency to

take more personal responsibility for success than for failure.

Stereotyping is defined as the

tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs.

The personality dimensions of extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience are referred to as _____.

the Big Five personality dimensions

Forming a positive impression of an individual based on a single trait is called _____.

the halo effect

Abstract ideals that guide a person's thinking and behavior in all situations are called ______.

values