MGT 310- Ch 12

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A leader's influence is greater when ______.

the number of followers is large

The behavioral approach to leadership attempts to identify Blank______.

what behaviors effective leaders exhibit

The focus of behavioral leadership is on

what good leaders do

Task performance behaviors focuses on Blank______. (Check all that apply.)

work speed and quality quantity of output rule following

Which of the following is the leader's job?

create a vision

The two key situational factors in path-goal theory are personal characteristics of Blank______ and the environmental pressures and demands they must cope with.

followers

The best visions are ideal and unique such that the vision

communicates a clear choice of positive values communicates a standard of excellence communicates pride in being different from other organizations

Participative leadership behaviors are most appropriate when people

have an internal locus of control

Directive leadership is most appropriate when followers Blank______ (Check all that apply.)

have low abilities are highly authoritarian

Leader behaviors performed by managers that involve their employees in decision making are called

participative decision making

Leader behaviors performed by managers that involve their employees in decision making are called Blank______.

participative decision making

The belief that leaders influence their followers' perceptions of their work goals and their path in attaining them is known as Blank______ theory.

path-goal

The most comprehensive and generally useful situational model of leadership effectiveness is the Blank______.

path-goal theory

Group maintenance behaviors focus on Blank______. (Check all that apply)

people's feelings and comfort stress reduction

In path-goal theory, the most appropriate leadership behaviors are determined by which of the following factors? (Check all that apply.)

personal characteristics of followers environmental pressures and demands that followers face

When leaders vary their behavior to meet the needs of the specific matter at hand, they are practicing the Blank______ approach to leadership.

situational

According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt model of situational leadership, what are the three factors managers should consider before deciding how to lead members of their organization?

subordinates situation managers

Actions taken to ensure that the work group or organization reaches its goals are called

Task Performance

According to Fiedler, what determines the favorability of a situation? (Check all that apply.)

Task structure Leader-member relations Position power

Leadership that emphasizes completion of assignments or jobs is called Blank______ leadership in Fiedler's contingency model.

Task-Motivated

______ is necessary for effective leadership.

Vision

Which is the best example of legitimate power?

A supervisor tells a subordinate to wear safety goggles.

What do outstanding leaders have that provides direction and the inspiration to move the organization toward it?

A Vision

According to path-goal theory, which of the following statements regarding the importance of follower characteristics are true? (Check all that apply)

Ability is people's beliefs about their abilities to perform their jobs. Locus of control is the extent to which people believe they can affect their environment. Authoritarianism is the degree to which individuals defer to authority.

A style in which the leader is true to himself or herself is called Blank______ leadership.

Authentic

A leader who exhibits a(n) Blank______ style will make decisions alone, without participation by the group.

Autocratic

______ leadership involves making decisions on one's own and announcing them to the group.

Autocratic

Recently, Amber was given the ability to punish employees when they are repeatedly late for work. This is an example of an increase in Amber's___power

Coercive

In Blank______ leadership, input is solicited by leaders from others.

Democratic

______ leadership seeks information, opinions, and preferences to make a decision.

Democratic

Marco is the owner of Digital Now. His employees say he is an ambitious owner who constantly strives for performance improvement even when conditions in the competitive environment seem almost insurmountable. Based on this description, one can infer that Marco exhibits which leadership attribute?

Drive

True or false: A leader must behave in ways that emphasize both the performance and maintenance dimensions of leadership.

False

True or false: An organization's success is based on a manager's ability to lead, not on whether or not the manager's employees follow.

False

Which of the following is a situational approach to leadership that postulates that effectiveness depends on the personal style of the leader and the degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control, and influence over the situation?

Fiedler's contingency model

Match the force in Tannenbaum and Schmidt's model of situational leadership with the appropriate descriptions

Forces in the manager-Feelings of security, personal values, confidence in employees Forces in the situation-Type of leadership style the organization values, type of information needed to solve the problem Forces in the subordinate-Understanding and acceptance of organization's goals, readiness to assume responsibility, interest in the task or problem

Actions taken to ensure the satisfaction of group members are Blank______ behaviors.

Group Maintenance

A leader is someone who ______ others in attaining goals.

Influences

When a situation is unfavorable for leading, how does this impact the manager's job?

It becomes difficult to maintain situational control.

Which of the following statements about a leader's vision are true?

It is necessary for effective leadership. It works best when it conveys an ideal. It can be developed across the organization.

Which statement about laissez-faire leadership style is true?

It results in more negative attitudes and lower performance.

In which leadership theory do leadership behaviors (including open communication, mutual respect, and mutual loyalty) all work to improve relationships?

Leader-member exchange

Blank______ highlights the importance of leader behaviors not just toward the group as a whole but toward individuals on a personal basis.

Leader-member exchange theory

______ highlights the importance of leader behaviors not just toward the group as a whole but toward individuals on a personal basis.

Leader-member exchange theory

A preference to be in leadership rather than follower positions is indicative of which leader trait?

Leadership motivation

When a leader has the right or authority to tell others what to do, the leader has___power

Legitimate

Match the source of leadership power with the appropriate definition.

Legitimate- Authority to tell others what to do Expert- Has certain knowledge Coercive- Has control over punishments Reward- Authority to dole out raises or bonuses Referent- Personal characteristics that appeal to others

A combination of strong professional will and humility that builds enduring greatness describes

Level 5

External locus of control means that whatever happens is a result of Blank______.

Luck or Fate

Job Blank______ is defined as the level of the employee's skills and technical knowledge relative to the task being performed.

Maturity

In situational theory, Hersey and Blanchard identify the ______ as the key situational factor.

Maturity of followers

Maintenance behaviors are most important for followers with _______ levels of maturity.

Moderate

Which of the following statements about organizational success are accurate? (Check all that apply.)

Organizational success rests on the quality of leadership. Organizational success rests on the ability of followers to follow.

The most comprehensive and generally useful situational model of leadership effectiveness is the

Path-Goal Theory

The capacity to influence other people despite resistance is referred to as

Power

The five bases of Blank______ are legitimate, reward, referent, expert, and coercive.

Power

When a leader is able to get things done or accomplish goals even when others resist, the leader has

Power

______ is defined as an employee's self-confidence and self-respect.

Psychological maturity

A manager's ability to control such desirable things as pay raises or bonuses is using Blank______ power.

Reward

Greta, the manager of a local bank, needs to be able to better motivate her employees. She has asked her supervisor for the authority to give and withhold incentives. Greta is asking for an increase in her

Reward

"Look before you lead" corresponds to the Blank______ approach to leadership.

Situational

______ theory proposes that the more mature the followers are, the less the leader needs to engage in task performance behaviors.

Situational

A democratic decision may not be appropriate when ______ or decisiveness is of the essence.

Speed

Which of the following are true about managers and leaders? (Check all that apply.)

The same person can be both a manager and a leader. Leaders are responsible for different processes than managers. Both are important to an organization.

It may be counterproductive to use directive leadership when which of the following conditions exist?

The subordinate is an independent thinker. The subordinate works best when left alone. The subordinate is highly skilled at completing assigned tasks.

The oldest leadership perspective is the Blank______ approach; this approach focuses on individual leaders and attempts to determine the personal characteristics that great leaders share.

Trait

______ approach assumes that a leadership personality exists and that leaders are born, not made.

Trait

Blank______ leaders view management as a series of steps in which they use their powers in a dispassionate manner to get work done.

Transactional

A leader who is able to generate excitement and revitalize an organization is a

Transformational

True or false: Fiedler's contingency model suggests certain kinds of managers are likely to be effective in particular situations.

True

A______ is a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the organization.

Vision

The Blank______ model of leadership focuses on the participative dimension of leadership and how leaders go about making decisions.

Vroom

The leadership model that emphasizes how leaders go about making decisions based on attributes of the problem at hand is called the ______ model.

Vroom

Which type of leader is most likely to motivate people to transcend their personal interests for the sake of the organization?

a transformational leader

Managers and leaders are not the same thing. What makes managers different from leaders is that managers have the responsibility to___while leaders do not.

address day-to-day complexities

Which of the following are part of the personality characteristic of a leader with drive? (Check all that apply)

ambition high levels of energy high need for achievement persistence in the face of adversity

What are the three key follower characteristics in the path-goal theory?

authoritarianism ability locus of control

A leader who has a vision, a strong conviction in the moral righteousness of his or her beliefs, and the ability to communicate it to others exemplifies the essence of Blank______.

charisma

Leaders who are dominant, self-confident, and able to communicate their vision to subordinates are ______ leaders.

charismatic

According to path-goal theory, when a subordinate is not sure how to complete an assigned task, Blank______ leadership is beneficial.

directive

Of the four leadership behaviors in path-goal theory, Blank______ leadership is a form of task performance-oriented behavior.

directive

The performance and maintenance behaviors of leadership are Blank______ each other.

independent of

PJ is the founder of a nonprofit organization that provides support services to members of the armed services suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Volunteers often characterize PJ as honest, credible, and as a man who says what he means and means what he says. PJ is the classic leader with Blank______.

integrity

When a manager's actions correspond with what the manager says, that manager is exhibiting which leader trait?

integrity

The absence of managerial decision making is known as Blank______ leadership.

laissez-faire

It is important for leaders to possess self-confidence in order to Blank______ (Check all that apply)

make decisions despite uncertainty instill confidence in others overcome obstacles

Which are part of the leader trait known as leadership motivation? (Check all that apply.)

need for power desire to lead

Autocratic leadership and democratic leadership represent two positions along the dimension of leadership behavior called Blank______.

participation in decision making

According to path-goal theory, which leadership style would be most appropriate when an employee has an internal locus of control?

participative

According to the path-goal theory, the four pertinent leadership behaviors are Blank______ leadership. (Check all that apply.)

participative achievement-oriented supportive directive

A Blank______ leader is one who ignores the needs of his followers and puts his own self-interests first.

pseudotransformational

Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory states that before deciding whether task performance or maintenance behaviors are more important, managers should consider an employee's ______. (Check all that apply.)

psychological maturity job maturity

What are the basic leadership styles described by Fred E. Fiedler? (Check all that apply.)

relationship-oriented task-oriented

People ask a lot from leaders of their organization, including which of the following? (Check all that apply.)

respectful and fair treatment competence and proper management support for personal development

Which leader trait can become a setback if taken too far, resulting in arrogance and cockiness?

self-confidence

People with an internal locus of control Blank______ for their own actions.

take responsibility

The appropriateness of democratic leadership depends on the characteristics of the leaders, the followers, and

the situation

The appropriateness of democratic leadership depends on the characteristics of the leaders, the followers, and Blank______.

the situation

When managers use coercive power, they would respond to employees who are slow to complete a task by

threatening to dock their pay or reduce their working hours if they don't shape up

A _______leader is someone who uses his or her legitimate power to give commands and exchange rewards for services rendered.

transactional

Employees want their leaders to ______.

trust their judgment


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