MICRO CONNECT 1

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are about how many infections of all types across the world every year?

10 billion

Prokaryotic organisms have been around for about how long?

3.5 billion years ago

Who developed the first single-lens microscope?

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Which of the following bacteria is spread by water and food contaminated with cattle feces?

E- coli

Which scientist discovered heat-resistant endospores?

Ferdinand Cohn

In the deductive process, the statement "If the ______ is valid, then certain specific ______ can be expected to occur."

HYPOTHESIS / EVENTS

Who first promoted the use of disinfecting agents in surgical operating rooms?

Lister

what is a helminth?

Parasitic Worm

Which is the appropriate binomial abbreviation of Staphylococcus aureus?

S. aureus

MRSA is a drug-resistant strain of which of the following bacteria?

Staphylococcus aureus

which is the correct regarding the writing or an organisms name?

Staphylococcus aureus

Which is true regarding evolutionary theory?

Those traits that favor survival are passed on

When people travel disease can spread. Which is the current mode of travel that is likely to be a big factor in the next pandemic?

airplane

The major types of microorganisms or agents include which of the following?

algae, bacteria, protozoa, viruses, fungi

Robert Koch demonstrated in 1875 that _______ , _________ is the causative agent of anthrax

bacillus, anthracis

Which of the following microorganisms represent prokaryotic cell types?

bacteria

_______ and ______ are microbes that live in complex associations with plants to assist them in obtaining water and nutrients.

bacteria and fungi

The study of small, single-celled prokaryotic organisms is called

bacteriology

Which of the following are major branches of study in microbiology?

bacteriology, virology, mycology

In the ____________ system of nomenclature, organisms are assigned and identified by a two-word name representing the genus and species names.

binomial

The formal system of organizing, classifying, and naming living things was started by which of the following scientists?

carl Linnaeus

Which of the following are criteria for the Whittaker system to classify organisms?

cell type, structure, body organization, nutritional type

Which of the following diseases are spread by the Aedes mosquito?

chikungunya, zika, dengue

Humans belong to the Phylum _______ and Class _____

chordate and mammalia

Which event helped establish the science of microbiology?

development of microscope

In the Woese-Fox system of classification, which is the most general category in which an organism is assigned?

domain

A(n) _______ diseases, such as SARS or viral encephalitis, is a newly identified infectious disease that is becoming more prominent.

emerging

______ diseases are those which are newly identified and becoming more prominent.

emerging

Which cell type is generally larger in size?

eukaryotic cells

The theory of _________ states that living things change gradually over time through natural selection.

evolution

True or false: According to evolutionary theory, the environment changes the genes of an individual organism to help it adapt.

false

Chlamydia infections has been linked to which of the following conditions?

female infertility

_________ are heterotrophic unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic organisms including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.

fungi

Which were some of the first organisms genetically engineered?

fungi, bacteria

What technology involves the deliberate modification of the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products?

genetic engineering

_______ and ______ are the last two, the most specific, levels of classification

genus, species

Work by Robert Koch and other scientists to show that human diseases could arise from infection led to the _____ theory of disease.

germ

which terms are. used to describe microscopic organisms?

germs, microorgansisms, microbes, bugs

Which of the following genera of microbes has been associated with gastric ulcers?

helicobacter

The term _____ refers to a parasitic invertebrate such as a worm.

helminth

Which group of microorganisms includes the parasitic worms?

helminths

Microbiology involves the study of microscopic organisms or agents, including which of the following?

helminths, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, viruses

Humans and apes belong to the Family

hominoidea

A(n) is a tentative explanation of an observation.

hypothesis

Before a(n)_________ may be tested using the deductive approach of the scientific method, events that will happen must be predicted by the scientist.

hypothesis

With ________ reasoning, one applies specific observations to develop a general explanation.

inductive

It is observed that several family members have a blood condition called hemophilia. This may lead to the general idea that this condition is inheritable. This is an example of which of the following?

inductive reasoning

diseases, caused by microorganisms, are among the most common causes of death in much of the world's population.

infectious

virology

is the study of viruses

Which describes a good hypothesis?

it must be able to be supported or rejected by experimentation

All members of a family belong to which of the following levels of classification?

kingdom

List these levels in the hierarchy of classification from most general to most specific, starting with most general at the top.

kingdom, class, family, genus, species

In the Whittaker system, organisms were divided into one of five ______.

kingdoms

_____ is a specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification.

microbiology

The unit of measurement for most bacterial cells is ______ and most viruses is ______.

micrometers, nanometers

The germ theory of disease stated which of the following?

microorganisms could cause infection and diseased

A prokaryotic microorganism in which of the following kingdoms using the Whittaker system of classification?

monera

the five kingdoms of the Whittaker classification are :

monera, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia

is the study of fungi

mycology

A(n) ___________ is any small, membrane-bound component found inside of an eukaryotic cell.

organelle

Small, membrane-bound components found inside of a eukaryotic cell, such as mitochondria and lysosomes, are referred to as which of the following?

organelles

A microbial pathogen is considered a(n) because it derives benefits from its host and harms its host in the process.

parasite

Which of the following derives benefits from its host and harms its host in the process.

parasite

microbiology has many branches of study, including ____ which is the study of pathogenic protozoa, helminth worms, and certain insects.

parasitology

A(n) ________ is the term used for any infectious agent that causes disease, such as parasites, bacteria, and viruses.

pathogen

In general, disease-causing organisms are referred to as which of the following?

pathogens

Joseph Lister typically used the disinfectant, _________, prior to performing surgery.

phenol or carbolic acid

Microorganisms account for about 50% of the earth's, ____________ which is the process that converts light energy from the sun into organic molecules for food.

photosynthesis

Which process uses the sun's energy to produce organic compounds accompanied by the formation of oxygen?

photosynthesis

Which of the following human diseases has almost been eradicated?

polio

Koch's _________ are a series of proofs that establish whether is pathogenic and which disease it causes.

postulates

Which microbial agents are not classified under the Woese system?

prions, viruses

Which type of microorganism lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and most membrane-bound organelles?

prokaryotic

Which type of cell does not contain organelles, such as mitochondria or a nucleus?

prokaryotic cells

_____ are the group of single celled eukaryotic organisms that lack a cell wall.

protozoa

is the study of protozoa.

protozoology

_______ DNA technology is used to switch genetic material from one organism to another in order to produce desirable proteins.

recombinant

A disease that has been known for hundreds of years and that is increasing in occurrence is known as which type of disease?

reemerging

Tuberculosis, influenza and malaria are older diseases that have been known for a long time, but they are now increasing in occurrence; diseases with this pattern of occurrence are specifically referred to as diseases.

reemerging diseases

Charles Darwin labeled the process of evolution as natural ______

selection

Viral particles are usually (larger/smaller) than prokaryotic cells.

smaller

Which of the following human diseases has been eradicated?

smallpox

A __________ environment is free of actively growing cells, microorganisms, viruses, or endospores.

sterile

Some strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to so many antibiotics that it has become known as a(n) "

superbug

________ is the science of organizing, classifying and naming living things

taxonomy

A scientific ______ is a collection of statements, propositions, or concepts developed through experimentation that explain or account for a natural event

theory

Which of the following is an explanation of the natural world that has been repeatedly tested and verified using the scientific method?

theory

True or false: If two microbes are in the same genus, they must be in the same class.

true

True or false: Microorganisms are found in all natural habitats, such as deep beneath the polar ice caps and hot springs, as well as, in most artificial habitats including toxic waste dumps.

true

True or false: When writing a binomial name, the initial letter of the genus is capitalized and the species is in lower case.

true

Microbes can be found in the Antarctic.

true.. they are ubiquitous

The common cold and AIDS are caused by which type of microorganism?

viruses

What microbe is not cellular (acellular) and is composed of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat? Multiple choice question.

viruses

Which of the following is not able to replicate on its own?

viruses