micro sbm chapter 1
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are about how many infections of all types across the world every year?
10 billion
Prokaryotic organisms have been around for about how long?
3.5 billion years
Which of the following could be considered nomenclature?
Assigning a name to a new isolate of Salmonella based on its geography, Salmonella arizona.
Which bacteria is spread by water and food contaminated with cattle feces?
Escherichia coli
Which of the following bacteria is spread by water and food contaminated with cattle feces?
Escherichia coli 0157:57
What technology involves the deliberate modification of the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products?
Genetic engineering
Which of the following genera of microbes has been associated with gastric ulcers?
Helicobacter
It is observed that several family members have a blood condition called hemophilia. This may lead to the general idea that this condition is inheritable. This is an example of which of the following?
Inductive reasoning
Which describes a good hypothesis?
It must be able to be supported or rejected by experimentation.
is the study of protozoa.
Protozoology
Which of the following is an explanation of the natural world that has been repeatedly tested and verified using the scientific method?
Theory
Which is true regarding evolutionary theory?
Those traits that favor survival are passed on.
Within microbiology, the study of small, single-celled prokaryotic organisms that does not include the Archaea is called
bacteriology
A___________ is a complex network of microbes and their secretions that form in most natural environments.
biofilm
is a complex network of microbes and their secretions that form in most natural environments.
biofilm
Which of the following is the orderly arrangement of organisms into groups that indicate evolutionary relationships and history?
classification
The theory of _______________states that living things change gradually over time through natural selection.
evolution
Which type of organism can derive all of the nutrients and factors it requires from the environment in order to reproduce?
free-living organism
are heterotrophic unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic organisms including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.
fungi
Parasitology traditionally includes the study of:
helminth
The term __________ refers to a parasitic invertebrate such as a worm.
helminth
The term ____________ refers to a parasitic invertebrate such as a worm.
helminth
Which term defines the organism in/on which smaller organisms (or viruses) live, feed, and reproduce?
host
is a tentative explanation of an observation.
hypothesis
With ____________ reasoning, one applies specific observations to develop a general explanation.
inductive
with _________ reasoning, one applies specific observations to develop a general explanation.
inductive
____________ diseases, caused by microorganisms, are among the most common causes of death in much of the world's population
infectious
Who first promoted the use of disinfecting agents in surgical operating rooms?
lister
____________ is a specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification.
microbiology
The unit of measurement for most bacterial cells is ______ and most viruses is ______.
micrometers; nanometers
Describing the shape of cells and their arrangement would be part of which of the following?
morphology
is the study of fungi
mycology
A microbial pathogen is considered a(n) _____________ because it derives benefits from its host and harms its host in the process.
parasite
Joseph Lister typically used the disinfectant___________ prior to performing surgery.
phenol or carbolic acid
Describing the process of cell division in bacteria would be part of which of the following?
physiology
Which type of cell does not contain organelles, such as mitochondria or a nucleus?
prokaryotic
__________ are the group of single-celled eukaryotic organisms that lack a cell wall.
protozoa
are the group of single-celled eukaryotic organisms that lack a cell wall.
protozoa
___________ DNA technology is used to switch genetic material from one organism to another in order to produce desirable proteins.
recombinant DNA
Viral particles are usually _________ (larger/smaller) than prokaryotic cells.
smaller
Which of the following human diseases has been eradicated?
smallpox
A ____________ environment is free of actively growing cells, microorganisms, viruses or endospores.
sterile
Some strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to so many antibiotics that they have become known as ______________
superbugs
is the science of organizing, classifying and naming living things.
taxonomy
Which event helped establish the science of microbiology?
the development of a microscope
A scientific ___________ is a collection of statements, propositions, or concepts developed through experimentation that explain or account for a natural event.
theory
A scientific _____________ , is a collection of statements, propositions, or concepts developed through experimentation that explain or account for a natural event.
theory
A(n) _________ ,is a tentative explanation of an observation.
theory
Which of the following is an explanation of the natural world that has been repeatedly tested and verified using the scientific method?
theory
Microbes can be found in the Antarctic. (T/F)
true
Microorganisms are ____________, meaning they are found in all natural habitats as well as in most artificial habitats created by humans.
ubiquitous
What microbe is not cellular (acellular) and is composed of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat?
virus
The common cold and AIDS are caused by which type of microbe?
viruses
Which are the most common microbes on earth?
viruses
The major types of microorganisms or agents include which of the following?
viruses, algae, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa
