Microbiology chapter 1
Microbiology
A specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses.
Onesiums
Africa, prevented outbreak of smallpox in Boston.
Eukaryotic
Algae, Protozoa, mold, yeast, Arthropod, parasite worms
Prokaryotes
Bacteria and Archaea
Jospeh Lister
Began using disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery
Eukaryotic
Cell with a nucleus (surrounded by its own membrane) and other internal organelles.
Scientific Method
Develops rational hypothesis into theories that can be tested. Theories that can be repeated and tested overtime become LAWS.
order of taxonomy
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Prokaryotic cell are placed in
Domains - archaea + bacteria
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Dutch, Invented the microscope that can magnify 300X
John Tyndall
English, Found that microbes in the dust and air have high heat resistance
Louis Pasteur
French, father of microbiology. Fermentation-microbial in wine+ beer formation. Invented pasteurization and complete some of the first studies showing that human diseases could arise from infection.
Virus
Generic material wrapped in a protein, DNA or RNA , their job is to get into a host and make more of it.
Robert Koch
German, introduced Koch's postulates, a series of proofs that verified the germ theory and could establish whether an organism was pathogenic and which disease it caused.
Ignaz Semmelweis
Identified cause of childbed fever. Emphasized doctor cleanliness.
microorganism
Living organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye, bacteria, virus, fungi, Protozoa, algae helminths- parasite worms
5 major kingdoms
Monera, Fungi, protists , Plants, Animals
Organelle
Structures in cells bound by one or more membrane.
Taxonomy
The scientific study of how living things are classified. Primary concerns if taxonomy are classification, nomenclature and identification.
Ferdinand Cohn
a German botanist, clarified why heat resistant endospores weren't completely eliminated by heat
Prokaryotic
cells that do not have a nucleus
Dr. Jenner
invented first small pox vaccine, from cowpox virus
Pasteur's experiment
swan-necked flasks- proved that living things don't come from dead thing.
nomenclature
system of naming
spontaneous generation
the mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources