Midchapter quiz questions

Jacob is a summer camp counselor director who has decided to group his campers into one of three groups, each other these groups will be situated in separate areas of the camp. what is most likely outcome due to this situational context?

- the campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and may grow to hold very negative views of the other groups.

Of the following famous sayings, the one that MOST accurately describes the similarity-attraction relationship is ________.

Birds of a feather, flock together

the matching hypothesis would say

Charles is seeking a partner that is about as attractive as he is

Recently, researchers have found that if homophonic people get to know and interact with homosexuals, homophobic attitudes are reduced. this strategy for reducing prejudice is known as the _________

Contact hypothesis

which of the following scenarios best characterizes the concept of obedience?

David is pouring himself a cup of coffee when his boss shows up and says, "Pour me a cup" David pours the cup of coffee and gives it to his boss.

According to a research by Wilson and colleagues, why might introspecting about the reasons for an attitude decrease the association between the attitude and behavior?

Introspection misleads us about our "real" attitudes.

Jamal loves strawberry ice cream, whereas Maria does not feel strongly about strawberry ice cream. Which of them would have longer response latencies (e.g., would respond slower) to a question about his or her attitude toward strawberry ice cream?

Maria would have a longer response latency than Jamal.

Since newborns are predisposed to look toward faces in preference to other stimuli, this offers evidence that ________.

a neurobiological basis for the need to affiliate

which of the following is an example of a stereotype

a person thinks that all asians are good at math

The main difference between compliance and obedience is that obedience occurs in response to

a more powerful person or group

Dave has just been shown a composite face of 20 women. He will likely rate this face as ________ in attractiveness.

above average

When your feelings are negative about something in your environment, and another person just happens to be with you, you will tend to evaluate that person in negative terms, illustrating the impact of ________ on attraction.

associated effect

Karen and James are taking the same social psychology class. Karen happened to be standing next to James in the college post office when he received a letter from home that contained an unexpected $50.00. A short time later, James was asked to evaluate Karen as part of a class project. His evaluation of Karen is higher than it otherwise might have been because of ________.

associated effector emotions

Some experts have suggested that different types of prejudice may arise because of different emotional responses to the target group. From this perspective, prejudice arising from guilt may result in behaviors that try to

avoid contact with the outgroup

high need to affiliate. what do they do?

avoid making negative comments to fellow coworkers

Laureano has a strong preference for Honda over all other car brands. When it came time to buy a new car, there was a promotion on Nissans and Laureano elected to buy one, even though he likes Hondas better. According to the research described in the textbook, why would this scenario increase dissonance in the wake of Laureano's attitude-inconsistent behavior?

behavior was freely chosen

Molly knows the history of her home city Philadelphia. There are three landmarks downtown that she always shows to friends who visit. This knowledge of Philadelphia is the ________________ component of her attitude toward the city.

cognitive

Jeff believes in saving the environment but finds himself throwing away aluminum cans because his college campus does not recycle. He may experience an aversive emotional state due to the inconsistency between his attitudes and his behavior. This is an example of

cognitive dissonance theory

Lisa admired the dress that Shelly was wearing and told Shelly that she looked absolutely stunning in that dress. Shelly felt very positive feelings toward Lisa after that compliment and tended to like her in other circumstances. Lisa had ________ effect on the attraction Shelly felt for her.

direct

Suppose Jamie lives in an apartment building. She has the BEST chance to become acquainted with the person who lives ________.

directly across from her

Which of the following has been shown to reduce negative reactions among members of differing and competing groups

groups working together to reach superordinate goals

Luisa just made a dentist appointment. Although she feels terrified of the dentist, she thinks that maintaining a healthy smile is important. This example best illustrates that

if the components of an attitude are inconsistent, attitudes may not predict behavior

Mike harbors many prejudicial feelings toward homosexual people, in fact, whenever he encounters a gay man, he is likely to make more negative, cynical, and disgusted comments than he normally would (although none directly related to homosexuality or to the homosexual nature of the person he is talking to). This example illustrates that prejudice is often (______) in nature

implicit

which form of conditioning causes many children and young teens to hold political, religious, and social views that are very similar to those of their parents?

instrumental conditioning

in the march toward racial equality, whites may perceive black progress as a ________ while blacks perceive it as a _______________. If people generally tend to evaluate ____________________ more heavily than __________________, then white should see ___________ progress for blacks than (as) blacks see.

loss; gain; losses; gains; more

research on gender and conformity shows that compared with woman, men are

more likely to conform in stereotypically female domains (ex. child rearing)

Compared with people who grow up in independent cultures, people who grow up in interdependent cultures are ____________ susceptible to ___________________ social influence

more' informational and normative

Attraction toward another increases if ________ and decreases if ________ the other person.

produces positive effect; produces negative affect

Normative social influence often has a greater impact on _________- than on _________

public compliance; private acceptance

the proportion of similarity is predictive the degree of attraction between two people

regardless of the importance of the topics they discuss

Scott and Elizabeth grew up in the same small town. They attended the same school and went to the same college, where they took many of the same classes. At first, they were not particularly interested in each other romantically, but over time, they became increasingly attracted to each other and eventually married. This is best explained by the ________.

repeated exposure effect

MSNBC, on the internet, he only views popular liberal sites cut as The Nation, Salon, and Slate. When he's using Facebook, if any of his friends posts links with conservative viewpoints, he hides theses from his feed. Marlon is resisting persuasion through the use of

selective avoidance

Jason has been listening to a talk show concerning animal rights. this is an issue that he cares deeply about and he is very knowledgable about the topic. Jason is most likely to be persuaded by.

strong, convincing arguments from a speaker delivering a message.

Jessica has worked her way up in her organization and is now a mid-level manager. She has treated her subordinates the same way her male counterparts treat theirs. Recently, Jessica has been passed over for several promotions. The jobs went to male coworkers who were possibly not quite as well qualified as Jessica. This situation probably represents ________.

the glass ceiling effect

Arnold is a white christian. he raises his son, Charles, to think that muslims are morally and socially inferior to christians. As Charles grows, Arnold approaches whenever the boy expresses such views. Charles has learned prejudice through ________

the social learning view

Which of the following Is true about individuals with a dismissing attachment style

their self-esteem rises when they are accepted by others.

How do they explain why they are not racist:

they compare themselves to extreme bigots and feel that they don't match up

Juan, the head of human resources at a large company, has been instructed to make sure that about 2 percent of all newly hired managers are women in order to reduce the risk of discrimination lawsuit. This practice represents

tokenism