Midterm 2 Chpt. 5

The capacity of short-term memory was thought by George Miller to be:

7 (plus or minus 2) chunks of information.

Unattended information is stored briefly in:

sensory memory.

The main distinction between "short-term memory" and "working memory" hinges on:

the emphasis on static structure vs. active processing.

Which of the following is NOT a component of Baddeley's working memory model?

the icon

The term "anterograde amnesia" refers to

the loss of the ability to form new memories.

Repeating a phone number to yourself to hold it in memory while you dial it would use which component of working memory?

the phonological loop

You have just listened to a list of 20 words. When asked to recall these words in any order, you are LEAST LIKELY to recall the

10th word

The concept of fluid intelligence is highly related to:

working memory capacity.

One basic physiological mechanism for learning is the ____ rule, which states that if a synapse between two neurons is repeatedly activated at about the same time the postsynaptic neuron fires, the chemistry of the synapse changes.

Hebb

The icon is said to be characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

It lasts about 20 seconds.

Which of the following seems to be true of both echoes and icons?

They are modality specific, holding only one type of sensory information.

Brain surgery patient "H.M." suffered after surgery from:

an inability to form new memories of new events.

The central executive in working memory is hypothesized to have the function of:

directing the flow of information.

The suffix effect relates to which type of memory?

echoic

The recency effect is thought to result from participants' use of:

either sensory or short-term memory.

When information is first translated into a form that other cognitive processes can use, we say that _______ has occurred.

encoding

The surgery performed on patient "H.M." involved removal of most of the:

hippocampus

Information such as the name of the person who sat in front of you in the fifth grade is stored in:

long-term memory.

Information is held in _____ for 20 to 30 seconds.

short-term memory

Daydreams are a type of:

stimulus-independent thought (SIT).

PET scan studies:

support Baddeley's notion that verbal and spatial working memory are different systems.

Retrieval involves:

the calling to mind of previously stored information.

Damage to the frontal lobe of the brain often disrupts processing by:

the central executive.

The production of stimulus-independent thoughts (SITs), such as daydreams, depends upon:

the central executive.

Most studies of sensory memory have focused on memory for information from which sensory modalities?

vision and hearing