Midterm Review 2

Which one of the following features was NOT a feature of Fortran 77?

dynamic arrays

Sort this list of Functional Programming Languages by the order of the year of their appearance/release.

1. LISP 2. Scheme 3. ML 4. Miranda 5. Common LISP 6. Haskell 7. Scala 8. Clojure

Match each language with its primary designer(s)

Java - James Gosling Objective C - Brad Cox & Tom Love C++ - Bjarne Stroustrup Smalltalk - Alan Kay Prolog - Alain Colmerauer, Phillippe Roussel, and Robert Kowalski C - Dennis Ritchie Perl - Larry Wall Python - Guido van Rossum Ruby - Yukihiro Matsumoto LISP - Steve Russell, Timothy Hart, Mike Levin Go - Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, Ken Thompson Eiffel - Betrand Meyer PHP - Rasmus Lerdorf Fortran - John Backus Scheme - Guy L. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman

What language was the first to fully support object-oriented programming?

Smalltalk

One of the greatest single advances in computing came with the introduction of the IBM [a] in 1954, in large measure because its capabilities prompted the development of [b].

[a] = 704 [b] = Fortran

Between 1951 and 1953, a team led by [a] at UNIVAC developed a series of "compiling" systems named A-0, A-1, and A-2 that expanded a pseudo-code into machine code subprograms in the same way as macros are expanded into assembly language.

[a] = Grace Hopper

The first widely-used functional programming language (called [a]) was invented to provide language features for list processing, the need for which grew out of the first applications in the area of [b].

[a] = LISP [b] = artificial intelligence

Although never implemented, and not even published until 1972, the first high-level language, [a], was developed in Germnay between 1936 and 1945 by [b].

[a] = Plankalkul [b] = Konrad Zuse

What data structure(s) does Python use in place of arrays?

a. dictionaries b. lists c. tuples

PHP's array data structure is a combination of what two data structures from other languages?

b. Perl hashes c. Javascript arrays

What characteristic does Ruby share with Smalltalk?

pure object oriented language