Milady Chapter 9 Nail Structure and Growth
natural nail unit
Together, all of the main parts of the nail are referred to as the_____
free edge
part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe
nail plate
Hardened keratin plate that sits on and covers the natural nail bed. it is the most visible and functional part of the natural nail unit
4 to 6 months
How long does replacement of the natural fingernail take?
nine
How many main parts is the natural nail unit divided into?
Eponychium
Living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that covers the matrix area
general health
Nail plates protect the tips of the fingers and toes, and their appearance can reflect the _________ __________ of the body.
integumentary
Natural nails are appendages of the skin and part of the ______________ system, which is made up of the skin and its various organs.
nail bed
Portion of the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge.
Hyponychium
Slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the natural nail plate
Perionychium
The tissue bordering the root and sides of a fingernail or toenail.
flexibility
The water content of the natural nail directly affects the nail's _________
Bed epithelium
Thin layer of tissue that attaches the nail plate and the nail bed
9 to 12
Toenails take _____ months to be fully replaced
lunula
Visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin; the whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail
15% and 20%
a healthy nail may look dry and hard, but it's water content is actually between _____________ and varies according to the relative humidity of the surrounding environment.
natural nail
also known as onyx; the hard protective plate is composed mainly of keratin, same fibrous protein found in skin and hair.
onyx
another name for the natural nail
nail unit
composed of several major parts of the fingernail including the nail plate, nail bed, matrix, cuticle, eponychium, hyponychium, specialized ligaments, and nail fold.
cuticle
dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate
nail folds
folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail plate
nail groove
furrow on each side of the nail
1/10 to 1/8 inch per month
the average rate of nail plate growth in the normal adult is about:
Bed epithelium
the bed contains many nerves, and is attached to the nail plate by a thin layer of tissue called the ______
rigid
the lower the water content the more ______ rigid the nail becomes
porous
the nail plate is relatively ________ ave will allow water to pass through it much more easily than through normal skin of an equal thickness.
100
the nail plate is the most visible and functional part of the nail unit and is constructed of about _______ layers of nail cells.
keratin
the natural nail is composed mainly of a protein called ________
free edge
the part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the _____ ______
reflection of light
the whitish color of the lunula is caused by the _____________ of the surface of the visible part of the underlying matrix.
ligament
tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place
disease, injury or infection
what will cause an abnormal shapeor form of the nail?
nail malformation
when the nail is abnormal in shape or form
eponychium
which of the following is most likely to need a softener? cuticle or eponychium
sidewall
Also known as lateral nail fold; the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.
matrix
Area where the nail plate cells are formed; the area is composed of matrix cells that produce the nail plate