Mind Tap Flashcards Mod 3

FQDN (fully qualified domain name)

A host name plus domain name that uniquely identifies a computer or location on a network.

RS (router solicitation)

A message from a client to a router requesting network configuration information. RSSI (received

RA (router advertisement)

A message from a router in response to a client's solicitation and provides DHCP information.

MySQL Port

3306

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Port

5060 Creation of unencrypted connections for multimedia session 5061 Creation of encrypted connections for multimedia session

ping (Packet Internet Groper)

A TCP/IP troubleshooting utility that can verify TCP/IP is installed, bound to the NIC, configured correctly, and communicating with the network. Ping uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to send echo request and echo reply messages.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

A core protocol in the TCP/IP suite that notifies the sender when something has gone wrong in the transmission process and packets were not delivered.

TTL (Time to Live)

A field that indicates the maximum duration that an IPv4 packet can remain on the network before it is discarded, or a field in a DNS zone file that indicates how long the information can be considered valid in a DNS server's cache.

PAT (Port Address Translation)

A form of address translation that assigns a separate TCP port to each ongoing conversation, or session, between a local host and an Internet host.

Class C Private IPv6 Range

- 192.168.0.0/16: These IP addresses are normally used by smaller businesses or home users with 65 536 available IP addresses.

Class A Private IPv6 Range

- 10.0.0.0/8: This IP range is used by big organizations and has 16 777 216 available IP addresses.

Class B Private IPv6 Range

- 172.16.0.0/12: These IP addresses are normally used by medium businesses and have 1 048 576 available IP addresses.

IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)

A nonprofit, U.S. government-funded group that was established at the University of Southern California and charged with managing IP address allocation and the Domain Name System. The oversight for many of IANA's functions was given to ICANN in 1998; however, IANA continues to perform Internet addressing and Domain Name System administration.

SMB (Server Message Block)

A protocol for communications and resource access between systems, such as clients and servers.

APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)

A service available on Windows computers that automatically assigns the computer's NIC a link local IPv4 address in the range of 169.254.0.1 through 169.254.255.254.

NTP (Network Time Protocol)

A simple application layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite used to synchronize the clocks of computers on a network. NTP depends on UDP for transport layer services.

IPAM (IP address management)

A standalone product or application embedded in another product, such as Windows Server, that provides a way to plan, deploy, and monitor a network's IP address space.

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)

A standard for IP addressing that is gradually replacing the current IPv4. Most notably, IPv6 uses a newer, more efficient header in its packets and allows for 128-bit source and destination IP addresses, which are usually written as eight blocks of hexadecimal numbers, such as 2001:0DB8:0B80:00 00:0000:00D3:9C5A:00CC.

Syslog (system log)

A standard for generating, storing, and processing messages about events on a system.

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

A standard protocol for accessing network directories.

NAT (Network Address Translation)

A technique in which IP addresses used on a private network are assigned a public IP address by a gateway when accessing a public network.

URL (uniform resource locator)

An application layer addressing scheme that identifies where to find a particular resource on a network or across networks.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

An application layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite that manages the dynamic distribution of IP addresses on a network.

Which DNS record type is used to find an FQDN from a given IP address?

PTR (pointer) record

What is the functionality of a Multicast IP address?

Sends network communication to a specific set of hosts

Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) Port

TCP 110 Plaintext TCP 995 POP3 over SSL/TLS Incoming email messages (downloaded messages)

Internet Message Access Protocol 4 (IMAP4) Port

TCP 143 Plaintext TCP 993 IMAP over SSL or TLS Incoming email messages (messages stored on server)

Microsoft SQL Server

TCP 1433 Connections to installation of Microsoft SQL Server from other databases or applications

Oracle SQL Net Port

TCP 1521 Connections to installation of Oracle Database from other databases or applications

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Port

TCP 20 Data TCP 21 Control Authenticates, transfers files between systems

Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) Port

TCP 22 Encrypted file transfer using SSH

Secure Shell (SSH) Port

TCP 22 Encrypted/Secure communication link

Telnet Port

TCP 23 Unencrypted control of remote computers

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Port

TCP 25 Plaintext TCP 587 TLS Encryption Outgoing email messages

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Port

TCP 3389 Encrypted control of remote Windows computers

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) Port

TCP 443

Server Message Block (SMB) Port

TCP 445 Network file sharing

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Port

TCP or UDP 389 Access to network-based directories

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Secure (LDAPS) Port

TCP or UDP 636 Uses SSL to encrypt its communications

DNS Port

TCP/UDP 53 Converts names into IP addresses (Name Resolution)

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Port

TCP/UDP 80 Requests between web servers and web clients

IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4)

The Internet Protocol standard released in the 1980s and still commonly used on modern networks. It specifies 32-bit addresses composed of four octets.

Which part of a MAC address is unique to each manufacturer?

The OUI

TLD (top-level domain)

The last part of an FQDN and the highest-level category used to distinguish domain names—for example, .org, .com, and .net. A TLD is also known as the domain suffix.

Network Time Protocol (NTP) Port

UDP 123 Network Time Synchronization

Syslog Port

UDP 514 Manages and stores information about system events

DHCP Port

UDP 67 Distribution of IP addresses on a network—client to server messages UDP 68 Distribution of IP addresses on a network—server to client messages

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) Port

UDP 69 No authentication, simple file transfer Network devices, such as routers and switches, computers, commonly use it as they are booting up to request configuration files from a TFTP server on the local network.

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Port

UDP/TCP 161 UDP 162