MindTap Quiz 14

Which of the following is a perspective of Sigmund Freud on aggression?

He believed that aggression is a natural and instinctive reaction to the frustrations of daily life.

Which of the following statements is true in the context of the relationship between biological structures, chemistry, and aggression?

In humans, chemistry is involved in aggression, especially in the form of the male sex hormone testosterone.

Which of the components of Robert Sternberg's triangular model of love is characterized by the close acquaintance and familiarity of the partners as they share their innermost feelings with one another?

Intimacy

According to Sternberg's triangular model of love, which of the following statements is true of fatuous love?

It is a shallow relationship such as a whirlwind courtship.

Which of the following is a view that a woman's appeal is more strongly connected with her age and health, both of which are markers of reproductive capacity?

The parental investment model

The view that persuasive messages are evaluated on the basis of central and peripheral cues is called the _____.

elaboration likelihood model

Brenda is part of a discussion committee to determine the schedule of a volunteer-based tutoring program for at-risk students. If polled individually, most people in the committee would probably say that the program should start with one day a week. However, the group discussion leads to a more ambitious proposal of a five-day a week program. In the scenario, the more extreme position of the group illustrates the _____.

polarization effect

Reggie always watches a particular commentator who presents his political views each afternoon on TV. He does this because the commentator's views agree with his own about certain political issues. This is an example of _____.

selective exposure

In the context of social decision schemes, in _____, as more information is provided and opinions are discussed, the group comes to recognize that one approach is objectively correct.

the truth-wins scheme

Which of the following statements is true of attributions?

Attributions lead us to perceive others either as purposeful actors or as victims of circumstances.

Which of the following statements is true about changing attitudes through persuasion?

Audiences tend to believe arguments that appear to run counter to the vested interests of the communicator.

Which of the following is true of behavioral perspectives on aggression?

Learning of aggression is acquired through reinforcement.

Which of the following is a factor that increases the tendency to conform?

Low self-esteem and shyness

_____ is an attitude toward a group that leads people to evaluate members of that group negatively.

Prejudice

Which of the following statements is true of the "teacher-learner" shock experiment on obedience conducted by Yale University psychologist Stanley Milgram?

The "teachers" showed several signs of stress like trembling, stuttering, and biting lips when they had to administer shocks to the "learners."

Groupthink can be averted:

if group leaders encourage members to remain skeptical about options.

When we assume that a person's actions were determined by external factors such as circumstances, social influence, or socialization, we display _____.

situational attribution

Tiffany tends to view the students at her school as being either a member of her "cool, in-group" or a member of one of the various "out-groups," which she ignores and with whom she does not associate. In this scenario, the source of Tiffany's prejudice is _____.

social categorization

Over the last year, Martin has clocked good time during his practice runs for a marathon. On the day of the marathon, the streets were lined with well-wishers encouraging him as he ran by, and his performance at the actual marathon was significantly better than his practice runs. This scenario illustrates _____.

social facilitation

Daniel could not turn in an assignment on time. He believed it was not his fault as he also had to prepare for two other tests that were closing in, and his laptop was malfunctioning. Daniel's classmate, Philip, was also late in turning in his assignment. According to Daniel, Philip was late because he is generally lazy and takes studies very lightly. In this case, Daniel's attribution of these behaviors illustrates _____.

the actor-observer effect