mindtap quizzes
For young adults who have serious bacterial infections, doctors commonly prescribe 500 mg tablets of a particularly strong antibiotic. How much of this antibiotic should a doctor prescribe to an older adult with a similar infection? a. 250 mg b. 100 mg c. 750 mg d. 50 mg
a. 250 mg
Loretta was asked to perform complex cognitive tasks during a functional brain scan. Compared to an average control group, Loretta's scan indicated that the tasks engaged fewer areas of the brain and less activation of neurons. Based on the scan results, which of the following conclusions best fits Loretta? a. She has above-average intelligence. b. She is older than the control group. c. She is younger than the control group. d. She has below-average intelligence.
a. She has above-average intelligence.
How do neurophysiological changes in people with Alzheimer's disease compare to age-based normative changes? a. They are more extensive. b. They occur in different areas. c. They are easier to identify. d. They reflect distinct processes.
a. They are more extensive.
In social interactions, people often use which of the following as a shortcut to process information? a. stereotypes b. attributes c. standards d. memories
a. stereotypes
On average, a girl born today will live 79 years. If the girl lived to the point of maximum longevity, how much longer would she live beyond the average age of longevity? a. 25 years b. 40 years c. 30 years d. 55 years
b. 40 years
What segment of the population of older Americans is currently in a nursing home? a. 2 percent b. 5 percent c. 14 percent d. 17 percent
b. 5 percent
A group of ten retired women get together once a week to go shopping, have dinner, or visit a museum. About how many of these women are widows? a. 4 b. 6 c. 5 d. 3
b. 6
A residential facility provides care for 10 people diagnosed with dementia. About how many of these patients have Alzheimer's disease? a. 5 b. 7 c. 9 d. 4
b. 7
Which dual-income couple will experience the most work-family conflict? a. Yanni and Theresa, who have one child in middle school and one in high school b. Miyako and Rob, who have two children nearing kindergarten age c. Louise and Carl, whose last child is preparing to graduate from college d. Sanjay and Beth, who have two children in elementary school
b. Miyako and Rob, who have two children nearing kindergarten age
Phyllis describes a news item she read on Facebook to her husband, who expresses doubt over its validity. "But if it's on my Facebook news feed, it must be true!" she says. Which stage of reflective judgment is Phyllis demonstrating? a. Quasi-reflective reasoning b. Prereflective reasoning c. Logical reasoning d. Reflective reasoning
b. Prereflective reasoning
Jackie suffers from dementia; however, she can relate accurate memories from her childhood. This recall is an example of the power of which type of memory? a. prospective b. autobiographical c. false d. source
b. autobiographical
What is the most common family structure in the United States? a. single-parent b. nuclear c. extended d. blended
b. nuclear
Jeb is an 88-year-old with pancreatic cancer. When discussing his options with his doctor, he focused on the positive points the physician made to remain hopeful. When Jeb was with his daughter later, he couldn't remember the odds of living versus dying the physician gave him related to treatment options. Jeb's emotions may have interfered with his: a. grasp on reality b. social judgements c. motivation d. decision-making abilities
b. social judgements d. decision-making abilities
A woman who can't remember whether a doctor, neighbor, or TV commercial said to always eat food before taking her medication is having a problem with which of the following? a. false memory b. source memory c. prospective memory d. metamemory
b. source memory
Who is more likely to die from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? a. Esteban, a 71-year-old male nonsmoker b. Miyako, a 70-year-old female nonsmoker c. Colleen, a 75-year-old female smoker d. Barnard, a 72-year-old male smoker
c. Colleen, a 75-year old female smoker
Now that Sandeep has to use a walker, some aspects of his kitchen may prove to be a bit challenging for him. According to the stress and coping framework for person-environment interaction, how will Sandeep respond to this new situation? a. He will build his physical competence and learn to use the kitchen without the walker. b. He will recognize that he has little control over the environment and become docile. c. He will appraise the threat level of the kitchen environment and respond accordingly. d. He will exceed his maximum zone of comfort in the kitchen and make modifications.
c. He will appraise the threat level of the kitchen environment and respond accordingly.
Which of the following correctly pairs a condition with a risk factor? a. vascular dementia—plaques b. Parkinson's disease—virus c. Huntington's disease—genetics d. AIDS dementia complex—stroke
c. Huntington's disease—genetics
A person who retired in 2012 and earned an average salary of about $100,000 will receive how much in annual Social Security benefits? a. about $34,000 b. about $17,000 c. about $28,000 d. about $45,000
c. about $28,000
Margaret retired in 1940 and collected Social Security payments for 9 years. Her granddaughter Alice just retired in 2016. How long will Alice likely collect Social Security? a. 17 years b. 10 years c. 21 years d. 14 years
d. 14 years
Among community-dwelling older adults, roughly 60% of women and _____ of men have ever experienced urinary or bowel leakage. a. 60 percent b. 85 percent c. 70 percent d. 40 percent
d. 40 percent
Which of the following should a professional focus on when considering psychopathology in older people? a. emotion under stress b. physiology in scans c. cognition in tests d. behavior in context
d. behavior in context
Which of the following assessment methods offers mental health professionals primary-source data in the cognitive and emotional domains? a. self-reports b. psychophysiological tests c. family reports d. clinical interviews
d. clinical interviews
At the Center for Aging and Wellness, a researcher is examining the effects of exercise in postmenopausal women. Which of the following is the independent variable in the study? a. postmenopause b. researcher c. women d. exercise
d. exercise
Christine has a chronic autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis. Getting an acute influenza illness interrupts her daily exercise routine. This exercise routine is Christine's way of decreasing the impact of her rheumatoid arthritis. Christine is worried about which concepts related to her chronic illness: a. polypharmacy b. non-health-related quality of life c. functional health status d. risk factors
d. risk factors
In the stages of reflective judgement, which statement shows a progression from this quasi-reflective statement: "I would believe in climate change, if I could see proof. How do you know that researchers aren't making up data?" a. "I have heard reports of glaciers melting and the ocean temperature rising. I believe these are signs that there is climate change." b. "I Googled climate change and the first article that appeared said that climate change is not real, and the first article in a search is always correct." c. "There is evidence presented both for and against climate change, so I am just not sure I can make a decision about the truthfulness of claims of climate change." d. "The President of the United States says there is no climate change, so I believe there is no climate change."
a. "I have heard reports of glaciers melting and the ocean temperature rising. I believe these are signs that there is climate change."
Now that Larry recently turned 35, he's concerned about getting old. He heard that establishing a good aerobic exercise habit will help him age better. He bought some athletic shoes and is ready to run into a new healthy future. What running schedule should Larry follow to meet recommendations for aerobic exercise? a. 50 minutes 3 days a week b. 15 minutes 7 days a week c. 60 minutes 2 days a week d. 25 minutes 4 days a week
a. 50 minutes 3 days a week
Which of the following situations is an example of ageism? a. A waitress asks Robin what her father would like to order at a restaurant. b. John offers an elderly woman his arm outside the grocery because it is icy. c. Nancy delivers hot meals each day to several seniors who have limited mobility. d. Darnell mows the lawn and rakes leaves for his elder neighbor across the street.
a. A waitress asks Robin what her father would like to order at a restaurant.
Many adults experience some decline in cognitive function as they age. Which depression treatment should doctors avoid using with older patients due to its effect on cognitive function? a. ECT b. MAOI c. SSRI d. lithium
a. ECT
Why might Kubler-Ross's theory about how people approach dying be considered one-dimensional? a. It emphasizes human emotion. b. It discounts negative reactions. c. It focuses on social factors. d. It occurs in a linear process.
a. It emphasizes human emotion.
Which of the following displays items from the least likely to be remembered to the most likely to be remembered as a person ages? a. a cookie recipe, a holiday barbecue, a family wedding, an earthquake b. a holiday barbecue, a family wedding, an earthquake, a cookie recipe c. a holiday barbecue, a cookie recipe, a family wedding, an earthquake d. an earthquake, a holiday barbecue, a family wedding, a cookie recipe
a. a cookie recipe, a holiday barbecue, a family wedding, an earthquake
Madeleine is 78 years old. Which of the following is she most likely to remember? a. a son's wedding b. a cookie recipe c. a friend's funeral d. a phone number
a. a son's wedding
In 2015, the United States' total annual gross domestic product was $18 trillion. If the dollar amount of the GDP remained the same in 2030, how much would be devoted to Social Security and Medicare payments? a. about $2 trillion b. about $700 billion c. about $9 trillion d. about $4 trillion
a. about $2 trillion
According to the career construction theory, which of the following concepts plays a primary role in a person's career path? a. adaptation b. planning c. strategy d. education
a. adaptation
In the quest for a love relationship, the old adage that opposites attract doesn't hold true. In reality, people tend to choose partners based on how similar they are to each other. Formally, this is known as: a. assortative mating b. homogenous dating c. compatible selection d. mirror attraction
a. assortative mating
According to theories of person-environment interactions, this dynamic is directly related to which of the following? a. behavior b. adaptation c. efficacy d. health
a. behavior
Walter was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease about a year ago and is beginning to experience more notable effects. To avoid subjecting his family to a long, slow decline and to ensure his sense of dignity and self-determination, Walter wants to arrange for physician-assisted suicide. Clearly there are concerns about his current cognitive capacity to make this decision. How will Walter's capacity to seek physician-assisted suicide be determined? a. by a doctor who will make a clinical determination b. by a judge who will make a subjective determination c. by a judge who will make a clinical determination d. by a doctor who will make a subjective determination
a. by a doctor who will make a clinical determination
Weighing benefits and risks of each approach, which of the following lists depression treatments for older adults from the most suitable to the least suitable? a. cognitive-behavioral therapy, SSRIs, tricyclics, MAOIsinhibitors b. SSRIs, tricyclics, MAOIsinhibitors, cognitive-behavioral therapy c. SSRIs, tricyclics, cognitive-behavioral therapy, MAO inhibitors d. MAOIsinhibitors, tricyclics, cognitive-behavioral therapy, SSRIs
a. cognitive-behavioral therapy, SSRIs, tricyclics, MAOIsinhibitors
What would be the best approach to minimize inhibitory loss when telling an older person information that must be remembered? a. communicate the information in a plain, quiet room b. communicate the information on an outdoor walk c. communicate the information early in the day d. communicate the information while playing familiar music
a. communicate the information in a plain, quiet room
Which of the following would be least effective in combating employee alienation at a company? a. compensation b. involvement c. trust d. fairness
a. compensation
In which of the following areas can married people be dissimilar and still experience a high degree of marital success? a. contribution b. age c. culture d. values
a. contribution
From a logistical perspective, what drives the expansion of the outpatient hospice model? a. costs b. outcomes c. regulations d. families
a. costs
Linda is intrigued by her grandparents' marriage. They never share any words or signs of affection, and they rarely go on trips or do anything fun. They mostly sit on the porch and read, watch TV, and eat meals. Linda finds it a bit sad. Which of the following terms likely reflects this couple's relationship? a. detachment b. disillusionment c. stalemate d. ambivalence
a. detachment
Rashad got off on the wrong foot with his girlfriend's father Sunil, who took an immediate dislike to him. No matter how many of Rashad's positive characteristics his girlfriend describes, Sunil still doesn't think he's good enough for her. From Sunil's perspective, the positive stories about Rashad lack: a. diagnostic value b. immunizing mechanisms c. situational attribution d. impression formation
a. diagnostic value
Which of the following terms best characterizes the parieto-frontal integration theory (P-FIT)? a. distribution b. compensation c. segmentation d. lateralization
a. distribution
Maria works as a certified nursing assistant at a local Nursing Home. She genuinely cares about the elders in the home. Maria asks new elders how they would like to be addressed. What is Maria avoiding? a. elderspeak or infantilization b. not knowing the elder's name c. getting in trouble d. offending others
a. elderspeak or infantilization
After her husband died, Marlena's daughter Rosa insisted that she move in to her house. Things were fine for a few weeks, but conflicts have arisen over Marlena's desire to sit in the family room much of the time and watch TV. Rosa believes her mother should get out and be active, but Marlena often feels tired and prefers to just be quiet and comfortable. Which of the following is causing problems in this situation? a. environmental press b. docility c. adaptation level d. performance potential
a. environmental press
Darnell's father died of a heart attack last week. Even though he was almost 80, it still came as a surprise to everyone in the family. Which of the following is a component of Darnell's grief over the loss of his father? a. feeling guilt over things unsaid b. carrying his dad's pocket watch c. looking at old family photos d. wearing a black arm band
a. feeling guilt over things unsaid
According to Piaget, when a person is capable of testing hypotheses to solve a problem, they have reached the end of cognitive development. This occurs in which of Piaget's stages? a. formal operational b. concrete operational c. preoperational d. sensorimotor
a. formal operational
Which of the following terms accurately describes the primary nature of people's personal concerns? a. functional b. developmental c. static d. emotional
a. functional
Marissa Mayer was appointed as president and CEO of the Internet company Yahoo in 2012. At the time, Yahoo had been experiencing a substantial decline in advertising revenue and had lost both users and status to rivals such as Facebook. Mayer's role at Yahoo exemplifies which of the following? a. glass cliff b. glass ceiling c. gender discrimination d. gender inequity
a. glass cliff
As he enters middle age, Pablo is making an effort to be more conscientious, meet different types of people, and try new things. He understands that time passes quickly and wants to live his life at 110 percent. Pablo's approach reflects which aspect of personality change? a. growth b. crisis c. assimilation d. adjustment
a. growth
If a person aged strictly in accordance with a cellular theory based on cross-linking, which of the following would they likely experience? a. hardening of arteries b. oxidation of tissues c. slowing of metabolism d. shortening of telomeres
a. hardening of arteries
A person's body mass index (BMI) reflects the relationship of which factors? a. height and weight b. caloric intake and age c. weight and age d. height and caloric intake
a. height and weight
In social situations, Deena wrestles with feelings of shame. It's stronger with people she doesn't know, but the feeling is always there on some level. How would Deena be characterized on the five-factor model? a. high in neuroticism with strong self-consciousness b. low in neuroticism with low vulnerability c. high in extraversion with low assertiveness d. low in extraversion with strong attachment
a. high in neuroticism with strong self-consciousness
When Luther walked into the meeting, he couldn't hide his surprise that Mr. Sato was over six feet tall and built like a linebacker. Luther assumed he would be short and delicate like many Japanese people. What accounted for Luther's expectations about Mr. Sato? a. implicit stereotyping b. stereotype threat c. age-based double standard d. impression formation
a. implicit stereotyping
Sadie loves her grandson Zack. But since he started college, Sadie feels he's been a bit too strident and confident in his opinions. But she can't be too upset. Sadie knows Zack will eventually become more reasonable with time and maturity. According to Kegan's theory, Zack is in which stage of self-concept? a. institutional b. interindividual c. imperial d. incorporative
a. institutional
Several times a year, Lorena cooks a huge meal and invites all the children, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, and cousins to the big house. She makes sure her husband Phil picks up his mother and her dad at their adult care facilities so that everybody has an enjoyable day with family. Which of the following terms describes Lorena? a. kinkeeper b. facilitator c. anchor d. caregiver
a. kinkeeper
One research method that shows promise in helping understand personality is the: a. life narrative b. creating the self across adulthood c. adult personalities d. dynamic integration
a. life narrative
Retired older adults who live on a fixed income often have difficulty making ends meet when prices rise. This reflects which of the following? a. loss of primary control b. loss of secondary control c. inability to assimilate d. inability to accommodate
a. loss of primary control
At what stage of life would a person begin to be studied by a gerontologist? a. maturity b. retirement c. childhood d. adolescence
a. maturity
Lack of access to healthcare contributes to a disparity in numbers of people with: a. mental disorders b. bone disorders c. eating disorders d. substance use disorders
a. mental disorders
The information presented in this chapter will help readers to enhance their: a. metamemory b. encoding capacity c. cognitive reserve d. memory self-efficacy
a. metamemory
When Henry came out to the sun porch, his granddaughter asked him how he slept. "Like a baby," Henry replied. If this is true, which of the following did Henry experience? a. multiple short sleep cycles b. two-phase circadian rhythm c. an unbroken sleep cycle d. periods of sleep apnea
a. multiple short sleep cycles
What is the most basic structure of the human brain? a. neuron b. cerebral cortex c. synapse d. cerebellum
a. neuron
Hector has early-stage Alzheimer's disease. Recently he participated in a research study, completing a variety of verbal and memory tests. Hector's results were compared to the results of several men his age who had no brain pathology. Hector participated in research that follows what type of neuroscience perspective? a. neuropsychological approach b. compensatory behavior approach c. neurocorrelational approach d. activation imaging approach
a. neuropsychological approach
Rodrigo recently had to take a disability retirement from his job as an ironworker. On the retirement form required by his company, the doctor listed the reason as osteoarthritis. Which of the following symptoms is Rodrigo most likely experiencing? a. pain in the hands b. swelling of the fingers c. swelling of the ankles d. pain in the shoulders
a. pain in the hands
Which of the following drives our social knowledge? a. past experience b. learned stereotypes c. source judgment d. cognitive capacity
a. past experience
Which of the following serves to define a person's quality of life? a. perceptions b. functionality c. statistics d. genetics
a. perceptions
Considering the various factors that moderate intellectual change, from an information processing perspective, what is the primary cause of decline in both fluid and crystallized intelligence? a. perceptual speed b. information interference c. working memory d. self-efficacy
a. perceptual speed
Actions that avoid environmental stressors are called: a. preventive adaptations b. mediated adaptations c. corrective adaptations d. congruence adaptations
a. preventive adaptations
Which of the following terms refers to the normal, disease-free development that most people experience during adulthood? a. primary aging b. tertiary aging c. secondary aging d. stable aging
a. primary aging
Glenn has remarkable stamina for a man in his 70s. He will do a 10-mile bike ride in the morning and then mow the lawn in the afternoon. He claims that his good health is from taking vitamin E every day. What benefit is offered by Glenn's vitamin intake that seems to limit his aging process? a. protection from free-radical damage b. stimulation of telomerase production c. reduction of cross-linking proteins d. stabilization of testosterone levels
a. protection from free-radical damage
Jordan is brought to the emergency room claiming that aliens are controlling his thoughts. After a drug screen is negative for anything that causes psychosis, the doctor diagnoses Jordan with probable: a. psychotic disorder b. anxiety c. depression d. dementia
a. psychotic disorder
As she was walking down the street, a lovely hat in a store window caught Evelyn's eye. She noted the purple lilac print and yellow lace ribbon circling the wide, tipped brim. By the time she got to the next block, Evelyn had forgotten about the hat. Which of the following most likely played a role in this situation of forgetting? a. sensory memory b. inhibitory loss c. implicit memory d. divided attention
a. sensory memory
At Thanksgiving, Rosa asked her grandmother Celia to share some stories about her days as a dancer in Harlem. "Oh honey, nobody's interested in ancient history," Celia said. "Besides, I'm too old to remember that stuff." Rosa was disappointed and felt like her grandmother wouldn't even try to remember. Which of the following likely played a role in Celia's response? a. stereotype threat b. negativity bias c. source judgment d. age-based double standard
a. stereotype threat
As laws and societal acceptance changes, so does the information we learn about different types of relationships. This is evidenced by: a. the recent changes in same-sex marriage laws b. recent laws about sexting c. the advent of Internet dating d. the divorce rate of heterosexual couples
a. the recent changes in same-sex marriage laws
Which of the following lists the goals of Erikson's stages in correct order of psychosocial development? a. trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity, intimacy, generativity, integrity b. trust, identity, intimacy, initiative, industry, generativity, integrity, autonomy c. trust, identity, autonomy, integrity, initiative, industry, intimacy, generativity d. identity, autonomy, integrity, trust, initiative, intimacy, industry, generativity
a. trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity, intimacy, generativity, integrity
Ahmed used to love taking long walks around the lake near his home. Recently, the world seemed to be spinning around him on his walks—so now Ahmed sits in a chair and enjoys the scenery. Which of the following caused Ahmed to give up his lakeside walks? a. vertigo b. somasthesia c. presbycusis d. dizziness
a. vertigo
Which of the following groups is considered a cohort? a. Catholics b. Baby Boomers c. geologists d. dancers
b. Baby Boomers
Which of the following displays age cohorts from the smallest to the largest as a proportion of the U.S. population? a. Gen X, Boomers, Millennials b. Gen X, Millennials, Boomers c. Millennials, Gen X, Boomers d. Boomers, Gen X, Millennials
b. Gen X, Millennials, Boomers
Which of the following people has the highest risk for cardiovascular disease? a. Debbie, with an HDL score of 47 b. Justine, with an HDL score of 32 c. Albert, with an HDL score of 38 d. Henry, with an HDL score of 49
b. Justine, with an HDL score of 32
Which of the following people would be experiencing high growth for a particular component of pragmatic intelligence? a. Carlotta, age 34, perceptual speed b. Luis, age 29, problem solving c. Tracy, age 17, verbal knowledge d. Andy, age 15, spatial orientation
b. Luis, age 29, problem solving
A gerontologist who wants to examine structural details of the brain would use which of the following techniques? a. SPECT b. MRI c. fMRI d. PET
b. MRI
Which of the following government healthcare programs likely is most heavily used by retired adults? a. Medicare Part A b. Medicare Part B c. Medicaid Part D d. Medicaid
b. Medicare Part B
Which of the following has the highest risk factor for being the victim in an abusive relationship? a. Darla, an African American woman raised in a middle-class family who first married at 32 b. Rosario, a Puerto Rican woman raised by foster parents who had her first child at age 16 c. Marisol, a Mexican American woman raised by her father and married at 24 after college d. Steve, a European American high school dropout raised by his mother and married at 19
b. Rosario, a Puerto Rican woman raised by foster parents who had her first child at age 16
A sign of maturity in many cultures involves understanding that other people have beliefs, desires, ideas, feelings, intentions, and viewpoints that are different from our own. Which of the following encompasses this structural change to the brain? a. The aging brain b. Theory of Mind (ToM) c. Executive functioning d. Emotional IQ
b. Theory of Mind (ToM)
Sandra, a 65-year-old female, has severe nausea and a headache. While being seen at the emergency room, they find she is having a myocardial infarction. The family is confused as Sandra had no complaints of chest pain. What explanation is the physician likely to give the family? a. There is no explanation for Sandra's symptoms. b. Women are more likely to experience some of the other symptoms. c. Sandra likely described the chest pain incorrectly as nausea. d. In rare cases women do not experience chest pain.
b. Women are more likely to experience some of the other symptoms.
Which of the following life events has the strongest correlation to the lowest level of marital satisfaction for a couple? a. a mortgage being denied b. a child starting to date c. a spouse losing a job d. a relative moving in
b. a child starting to date
How many women in the United States participate in the labor force? a. about 56 percent b. about 58 percent c. about 47 percent d. about 63 percent
b. about 58 percent
For thousands of years, humankind believed that the world was flat. Then some intrepid explorers demonstrated that the world is round, causing a monumental change in human thinking that opened new possibilities. Piaget would say that this change is an example of: a. acclamation b. accommodation c. attribution d. assimilation
b. accommodation
Lori is considering living arrangements for her parents. She is wondering how long her parents will live without assistance. Lori is examining which concepts? a. dependent life expectancy b. active life expectancy c. compression of morbidity d. hierarchy of loss
b. active life expectancy
Leon recently drafted an advanced medical directive with his attorney. The document states that if Leon is medically incapacitated and cannot make decisions about his own care, his sister has the power to make such decisions. The directive states that Leon will accept passive euthanasia but not active euthanasia. If Leon were in a persistent vegetative state after an accident, which of the following would he oppose? a. filing of a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order b. administration of a sedative overdose c. cessation of intravenous fluids d. removal of his breathing apparatus
b. administration of a sedative overdose
When Lynn did a health assessment of Saul at the busy senior center, he entertained her with stories of his time in the Korean War. Lynn told his daughter Joan about the visit, saying that he's a colorful older gentleman with no serious health issues. Joan was upset because Saul never served in Korea—and requested that someone else conduct a further assessment. Which of the following likely impacted Lynn's assessment of Saul? a. noisy environment b. age stereotypes c. ethnic biases d. interview design
b. age stereotypes
Strategies that prevent or alleviate losses in domains that are personally relevant for self-esteem and identity are known as: a. accommodative activities b. assimilative activities c. defense mechanisms d. immunizing mechanisms
b. assimilative activities
Recently Pete has been having trouble with his memory, such as forgetting he put a kettle on to boil and leaving his store without locking up and turning off the lights. His friends laugh and say it's just part of turning 40. But Pete's mother died from early-onset Alzheimer's disease before age 50. What type of factors support Pete's heightened concern over his memory problems? a. life cycle b. biological c. psychological d. sociocultural
b. biological
Landon recently moved to another city for a job. He wants to develop some friendships outside of work with good people to hang out and enjoy fun times. Which aspect of adult friendships does Landon value most at this time? a. loyalty b. compatibility c. commitment d. intimacy
b. compatibility
Which of the following conditions is most likely to be subject to age-based stereotyping? a. Alzheimer's disease b. depression c. Parkinson's disease d. delirium
b. depression
In today's work environment, most people are doing multiple activities at the same time: checking email on a phone while attending a meeting or eating lunch and jotting down notes for a proposal due the next day. Which of the following concepts is reflected by this type of activity? a. automatic processing b. divided attention c. working memory d. implicit memory
b. divided attention
Metabolic theories are focused on which of the following? a. genetics b. energy c. stress d. oxidation
b. energy
At age 90, Cicely Tyson starred on Broadway with James Earl Jones, age 84, in a revival of the play The Gin Game. Unlike many people in their age group, these actors managed to avoid a significant normative decline in their: a. working memory b. episodic memory c. semantic memory d. implicit memory
b. episodic memory
According to Jung, a person must balance which two aspects of ego orientation? a. intimacy and isolation b. extraversion and intraversion c. generativity and stagnation d. trust and mistrust
b. extraversion and intraversion
Knowing that a 15-minute delay of service on the subway at rush hour will mean the next train to arrive will be full is an example of: a. crystallized intelligence b. fluid intelligence c. spatial orientation d. sensorimotor processing
b. fluid intelligence
Gloria and her brother Caleb both enjoyed an active life well into their 80s and died in their early 90s. Which of the following likely had the greatest influence on their longevity? a. income b. genetics c. diet d. relationships
b. genetics
Some ethnic groups in the United States have lower average longevity than other ethnic groups. Which of the following factors is least likely to contribute to this difference among ethnic groups? a. socioeconomics b. genetics c. relationships d. health practices
b. genetics
After a long battle with cancer, Dr. Ortega explains that nothing more can be done for Gail and Ben's mother. He recommends that they set up hospice care so she can be comfortable in her final weeks. Ben agrees, but Gail refuses to consider the idea. What is the likely rationale for Gail's reaction? a. concern over the costs of hospice b. inability to face her mother's death c. lack of clarity over power of attorney d. desire to provide care on her own
b. inability to face her mother's death
Carmen has recently been struggling with generalized feelings of anxiety, so she made an appointment with Dr. Larsen at the senior center. How should the doctor consider contextual factors before making a determination of Carmen's mental health? a. schedule a psychophysiological test b. inquire about challenges in her life c. explore family links to her symptoms d. note that most seniors feel anxious
b. inquire about challenges in her life
Each July, researchers visit the Briarwood Retirement Community. They conduct tests of physical and cognitive functioning with residents, who have been participating in the research for the past 15 years. Which of the following are the researchers using? a. cross-sectional study b. longitudinal study c. meta-analysis d. sequential design
b. longitudinal study
Which of the following concepts best reflects new philosophical trends in nursing home care? a. compensatory training b. personal dignity c. cost containment d. advanced directives
b. personal dignity
The openness dimension of the five-factor model is closely related to occupational choice. A person who has strong openness would be best suited to which of the following jobs? a. farmer b. pilot c. salesperson d. machinist
b. pilot
In an fMRI, one region of a man's brain appeared activated during a particular test of verbal skills. Ten years later, the man had experienced some minor brain pathology but participated in training exercises to promote his cognitive function. In a recent fMRI, a different region of the brain appeared to be activated while he performed the original verbal skills test. The recent fMRI demonstrates which of the following concepts? a. executive function b. plasticity c. positivity d. lateralization
b. plasticity
Olga runs a series of exercise classes at a senior center. Before each class, she has the participants chant "Think young, feel young!" Over time, Olga has noticed that even the more passive and nervous participants show more energy and optimism. What strategy is Olga employing with her class? a. age-based double standard b. positive stereotypes c. patronizing behavior d. situational attribution
b. positive stereotypes
In accordance with a cellular theory of aging, the process of structural changes in the eye involving stiffening of the muscles may lead to which of the following vision-related changes? a. retinopathy b. presbyopia c. cataracts d. glaucoma
b. presbyopia
When Luisa's new boss Greg started working at her company, she found his arrogant behavior to be very upsetting. To lower her level of anger and frustration, she started going to the gym at lunchtime. Luisa found this helpful for a time. But then Greg started making rude, demeaning comments to her and other associates. Luisa realized that she needed to talk to the human resources (HR) manager about Greg. Which of the following lists Luisa's stress-related actions in the correct order? a. primary appraisal, emotion-focused coping, reappraisal, secondary appraisal, problem-focused coping b. primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, emotion-focused coping, reappraisal, problem-focused coping c. primary appraisal, problem-focused coping, secondary appraisal, emotion-focused coping, reappraisal d. primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, reappraisal
b. primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, emotion-focused coping, reappraisal, problem-focused coping
Darla wants to make sure her family lives longer and has a high quality of life. She decides to get everyone their immunizations and cooks healthy meals for all family gatherings. Darla's plan is to use: a. secondary prevention techniques b. primary prevention techniques c. rehabilitation techniques d. early intervention techniques
b. primary prevention techniques
A person who is studying the basic effects of aging on neurons should focus on which of the following? a. dopamine and hormones b. proteins and tangles c. axons and recesses d. synapses and dopamine
b. proteins and tangles
An activity that asks people to remember specific information without the use of hints requires participants to utilize which of the following? a. semantics b. recall c. recognition d. rehearsal
b. recall
Which of the following would be the highest priority for an older person? a. taking a dream vacation b. reconciling with a friend c. completing a big race d. learning a new recipe
b. reconciling with a friend
Which approach best describes the implementation of a school lunch program that replaces processed foods with fresh local fruits and vegetables? a. primary prevention b. salutogenesis c. self-regulation model d. self-efficacy model
b. salutogenesis
Once a week, Rashida takes a mobile health lab into low-income neighborhoods. Her staff provides residents with free blood pressure and cholesterol tests, prostate exams, skin cancer checks, and similar services. Which term describes the focus of Rashida's mobile program? a. quaternary prevention b. secondary prevention c. primary prevention d. tertiary prevention
b. secondary prevention
Deb is a teacher. She loves teaching because she feels she is giving back to the community. Deb is fearful of retiring and not being happy. It will be important for Deb to find _____ in retirement activities. a. new hobbies b. sense of fulfillment c. new relationships d. a way to continue teaching
b. sense of fulfillment
Before their spring vacation, Jennifer takes her college-age daughter Cleo shopping at a new, hip boutique downtown. Cleo holds up a short skirt and colorful top and says, "Mom, you'd look great in this!" Jennifer laughs and says, "Oh, no! I couldn't be seen wearing anything from this store. But it would be cute on you!" Which of the following is the cause of Jennifer's response to the outfit? a. biological age b. sociocultural age c. perceived age d. chronological age
b. sociocultural age
Since Isobel's son Vince was killed in a car crash 6 months ago, family members notice that she is drinking wine during the day. She sometimes sits on the porch alone, rocking gently, and claims that Vince is there, speaking softly to her. Which of the following best describes Isobel's experience of bereavement? a. emotional avoidance as part of grief work b. traumatic distress as part of complicated grief c. rumination as part of the dual-process model d. separation distress as part of prolonged grief
b. traumatic distress as part of complicated grief
A researcher studying neuroanatomy is likely to be familiar with which of the following? a. sociocultural b. white matter c. nephrology d. meteors
b. white matter
Judy remembers learning about budgeting from her grandfather. His stories of The Great Depression inspired her. Judy's grandfather displayed which of the following characteristics? a. optimism b. wisdom c. imagination d. creativity
b. wisdom
A group of older men are playing cards and laughing about how they often forget what to buy when their wives send them to the grocery store. Jose says that he always writes the items in a list so he can remember. Martin says that he makes up a little song about the items and sings it to himself to remember. Which of the following does Martin's strategy utilize? a. prospective memory b. working memory c. semantic memory d. sensory memory
b. working memory
In the context of the ecology of aging, why is it important for older people to maintain a sense of "home" where they live? a. It protects financial resources. b. It expands their socialization. c. It maintains their self-esteem. d. It controls environmental press.
c. It maintains their self-esteem.
A moderate earthquake occurred in a metropolitan area on a Friday afternoon, resulting in some loss of life and considerable damage. Over the weekend, the residents who were not seriously affected engaged in various leisure activities to help them cope with the stress and trauma. Which of the following correctly pairs a person with a likely coping strategy? a. Helena, age 23, does crochet b. Carol, age 59, runs for 10 miles c. Jason, age 34, hikes a trail d. Allen, age 19, visits a museum
c. Jason, age 34, hikes a trail
After a stressful workweek, Sarah and Jorge have a long weekend. But before they can enjoy the time, some things need to be done around the house. Which of the following scenarios will make Sarah happiest? a. Sarah cleans the kitchen and washes the floor b. Jorge scrapes and repaints the dining room c. Jorge washes, folds, and puts away the laundry d. Sarah and Jorge spend the same time on tasks
c. Jorge washes, folds, and puts away the laundry
Like most people, LaVonda wants to live a long life and avoid the burden of dealing with any chronic health conditions. As part of her strategy, she follows the government's guidelines for healthy eating and tries to get some exercise every day. LaVonda's actions will most likely lower her risk for which of the following conditions? a. cancer b. incontinence c. Type II diabetes d. Type I diabetes
c. Type II diabetes
It is important to Lynn that she continue to work as long as she is able. When she is offered a position that allows her to sit more than stand, she decides to take it because it will be less difficult with her arthritis. Which control strategy is Lynn employing? a. secondary control b. assimilation c. accommodation d. immunization
c. accomodation
When he turned 65, Montell met with a lawyer to document and certify his preferred approach to medical care if he ever loses cognitive competence. What did Montell's lawyer prepare for him? a. will b. legacy c. advance directive d. power of attorney
c. advance directive
The bar mitzvah ceremony in the Jewish religion occurs at the age of 13. This puts the bar mitzvah in which category of influence? a. normative history-graded b. normative age-graded c. both normative history-graded and normative age-graded d. nonnormative graded
c. both normative history-graded and normative age-graded
Which of the following activities would be executed by the default network of the brain? a. running b. reading c. breathing d. talking
c. breathing
Walter and Estelle recently celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary. Which of the following likely has the largest role in their relationship? a. intimacy b. passion c. commitment d. infatuation
c. commitment
Which of the following terms best characterizes people's responses to their own mortality? a. private b. distressing c. complex d. universal
c. complex
According to Stewart, a man in his 40s who examines his professional accomplishments and decides to obtain another college degree to pursue a different path is experiencing a midlife: a. failure b. transformation c. correction d. crisis
c. correction
Because older adults generally are more reflective about situations and making judgments, when considering someone's behavior they tend to avoid which of the following? a. situational attribution b. collaborative cognition c. correspondence bias d. negativity bias
c. correspondence bias
Chris has worked hard her entire life, and leisure time has been spent in activities with her family. Once the family was raised, she had to consider what she wanted to do with her leisure time. Chris should seek activities that are relaxing and: a. profitable b. provide exercise c. creative d. involve children
c. creative
The concept of aggressiveness reflects which aspect of personality? a. autonomy b. narrative c. disposition d. personal concern
c. disposition
A person who feels sad would be experiencing: a. psychosis b. delirium c. dysphoria d. depression
c. dysphoria
From a caretaker's perspective, what do adult day care services primarily offer? a. socialization b. affordability c. flexibility d. training
c. flexibility
Stanley is middle-aged. He decides to write his life history for his grandchildren to learn from his life. Stanley is developing a generative commitment that produces: a. a life story b. a positive self-concept c. generative actions d. a gift
c. generative actions
Juan just graduated from college and is entering the workforce. According to social cognitive career theory, which of the following will have a substantial role in Juan's occupational path? a. his response to the environment b. his unique set of personal traits c. his perceived level of ability d. his social knowledge of careers
c. his perceived level of ability
Retirement triggers significant changes in a person's life, both positive and negative. Which of the following losses due to retirement is generally the most difficult for people to handle? a. influence b. respect c. identity d. money
c. identity
From a cognitive perspective, a researcher who follows a psychometric approach is primarily interested in which of the following? a. logic b. brain function c. knowledge d. process
c. knowledge
As a person gets older, they will experience an increase in which of the following abilities? a. linking concepts b. inferring meaning c. making judgments d. thinking abstractly
c. making judgments
In today's dynamic economy, people need to continue gaining new knowledge and acquiring new skills to meet the needs of employers. Which of the following has the greatest influence on continued learning in adults? a. reward b. security c. motivation d. social acceptance
c. motivation
Which of the following phrases accurately describes the role of genetics and environment on human development? a. nurture or nature b. nurture over nature c. nature with nurture d. nature over nurture
c. nature with nurture
Serena works about 10 hours a day, often leaving before her kids go to school. She also brings work home on weekends. Serena has quickly climbed the ladder in her profession and makes a high salary. But her husband and kids wish she would spend more time with them. Vallerand's model would say that Serena's work is guided by which of the following? a. achievement b. generativity c. obsession d. harmony
c. obsession
A problem related to which of the following would cause a doctor to warn a patient about increased risk for angina pectoris? a. fat b. pressure c. oxygen d. clots
c. oxygen
Over the past 6 months, Walter has been getting sick more frequently. He attributes this to a high amount of stress in his life. Under the stress and coping paradigm, which of the following has determined Walter's stress level? a. physiology b. genetics c. perceptions d. environment
c. perceptions
Quality of life is determined by reviewing what type of criteria? a. clinical b. social c. personal d. medical
c. personal
Oliver was a runner when he was younger, winning many race awards on the amateur circuit. Arthritis in his knees forced him to give up running, so he learned to use a recumbent bike that he could propel by pedaling with his arms. This enables him to keep participating in the amateur athletic community. Which of the following features of the life-span perspective describes Oliver's experience? a. multiple causation b. multidirectionality c. plasticity d. historical context
c. plasticity
The hospital is establishing a psychoneuroimmunology interdisciplinary committee. Which disciplines are likely to be invited to participate on this committee? a. psychiatry, immunology, internal medicine b. internal medicine, neurology, hematology c. psychology, neurology, immunology d. psychology, social work, neurology
c. psychology, neurology, immunology
Gabe has noticed lately that his grandmother isn't as cheerful as she used to be. Even among family and friends, she tends to look sad. Her once epic appetite is gone too; she just tends to pick at her plate. Which of the following neurotransmitters may be causing these changes in Gabe's grandmother? a. dopamine b. cortisol c. serotonin d. acetylcholine
c. serotonin
On a family outing, young Sanjay got lost in a cornstalk maze and couldn't find his way out. Luckily, his older sister Prab went into the maze and easily led him to the exit. Which of the following primary mental abilities did Prab employ to rescue her brother? a. concrete operation b. deductive reasoning c. spatial orientation d. inductive reasoning
c. spatial orientation
Which of the following has been linked to the amount of beta-amyloid protein found in the central nervous system? a. memory b. executive functioning c. speed of processing d. coordination
c. speed of processing
Who will have the least connection to familism? a. the Ortegas, a Latino American family in Philadelphia b. the Leungs, a Chinese American family in San Francisco c. the Wallaces, a European American family in Chicago d. the Andersons, an African American family in Houston
c. the Wallaces, a European American family in Chicago
If memory processes in the brain were likened to a computer, which computer components would represent "storage"? a. the processor that retrieves information b. the screen that displays the information retrieved c. the disc or drive that holds and organizes information d. the keyboard (entering information)
c. the disc or drive that holds and organizes information
Correy and Michelle were married right after high school. Correy was devastated when Michelle died a year later during the birth of their first child. Developmentally, Correy's grief process is traumatic not only because of the loss itself, but also because: a. it involved the birth of their child b. it was his high school sweetheart c. the loss at this age is unexpected d. he is now left to parent a child alone
c. the loss at this age is unexpected
Within the five-factor model of personality, older people tend to decrease in neuroticism and increase in agreeableness and conscientiousness. What is the likely rationale for older people effecting these changes? a. to enhance physical health b. to build emotional integrity c. to improve social function d. to feel more happiness
c. to improve social function
Luther is driving to the shore, where his daughter rented a cottage for the summer. At which time does Luther use effortful processing during his trip? a. filling his tank with premium gas b. staying on the right side of the road c. turning off the highway at Exit 17 d. avoiding toll booths with red lights
c. turning off the highway at Exit 17
In one week, 100 women give birth at the maternity ward of Pinewood Hospital. When these babies celebrate their third birthday, roughly how many of these mothers will likely be working at a job? a. 77 b. 48 c. 89 d. 65
d. 65
Peachtree Senior Life is a day care facility that serves a total of 100 older adults. About how many of Peachtree's clients are women? a. 80 b. 35 c. 50 d. 65
d. 65
When the average adult retires in their 60s, how much has their aerobic capacity declined since they first began working in their 20s? a. 80 percent b. 50 percent c. 35 percent d. 65 percent
d. 65 percent
Which of the following statements regarding person-environment interactions is accurate? a. As competence increases, environmental press must increase. b. As environmental press decreases, competence must increase. c. As competence decreases, environmental press must increase. d. As environmental press increases, competence must increase.
d. As environmental press increases, competence must increase.
Which of the following is a member of the fastest growing segment of the population in the United States? a. Marcus, a 44-year-old man b. Elena, a 16-year-old girl c. Dorothy, a 75-year-old woman d. Harold, an 87-year-old man
d. Harold, an 87-year old man
According to socioemotional selectivity theory, which of the following people will seek out friendships that will support their emotional regulation? a. Latoya, a 24-year-old woman b. Violet, a 47-year-old woman c. James, a 35-year-old man d. Hector, a 62-year-old man
d. Hector, a 62-year old man
How does being anxious or fearful of death on a general level offer benefit to people? a. It strengthens family attachments. b. It leads them to embrace spirituality. c. It prepares them for the inevitable. d. It promotes a strong will to live fully.
d. It promotes a strong will to live fully.
Which of the following people is most likely to have completed the climacteric process? a. Jorge, a 66-year-old man b. Leila, a 42-year-old woman c. Davio, a 49-year-old man d. Laura, a 53-year-old woman
d. Laura, a 53-year old woman
Which of the following people will likely receive tertiary prevention services? a. Jorge, who is going deaf b. Kojika, who smokes c. Glen, who has cancer d. Lois, who has diabetes
d. Lois, who has diabetes
Which of the following people will experience the most negative psychological effects from losing a job? a. DeMarco, age 44, married with two children, employed in corporate accounting b. Amy, age 39, married with three children, employed in software development c. Mohammed, age 41, single with no children, employed in hospitality services d. Nate, age 46, married with two children, employed in commercial construction
d. Nate, age 46, married with two children, employed in commercial construction
Even though there are a few more weeks of warm summer weather, Cecile's doctor at the Senior Community Center has recommended that she get a vaccine to protect her health during the upcoming flu season. What cell-mediated component of Cecile's immune system relates to the doctor's recommendation? a. NK cells b. immunoglobulins c. B-lymphocytes d. T-lymphocytes
d. T-lymphocytes
A researcher asked a variety of people to complete tests that required the use of working memory while undergoing an fMRI scan. Which of the following subjects likely showed bilateral activation in their fMRI scan? a. Jenna, a 24-year-old female b. Ahmad, a 52-year-old male c. Luisa, a 43-year-old female d. Tuan, a 69-year-old male
d. Tuan, a 69-year old male
Which of the following individuals is most likely to oppose active euthanasia for someone who is terminally ill? a. Julien, a citizen of Switzerland b. Reba, a citizen of the United States c. Valentina, a citizen of Colombia d. Wasim, a citizen of Afghanistan
d. Wasim, a citizen of Afghanistan
Which of the following is an example of absolutist thinking? a. a toddler who believes every toy in the day care center belongs to her b. a woman who considers her religious faith before ending a marriage c. a man who buys a pricey sports car because it makes him feel younger d. a college student who insists his political candidate has the only solution
d. a college student who insists his political candidate has the only solution
As part of his research into aging and cognitive function, Dr. Farzad often utilizes fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging). Which neuroscience perspective likely guides Dr. Farzad's work? a. neuropsychological approach b. dopaminergic approach c. neurocorrelational approach d. activation imaging approach
d. activation imaging approach
Which of the following couples will be married for the longest amount of time before divorcing? a. an Asian American couple who display negative emotions during episodes of conflict b. a European American couple who display negative emotions during episodes of conflict c. a European American couple who discuss daily events with little positive emotion d. an African American couple who discuss daily events with little positive emotion
d. an African American couple who discuss daily events with little positive emotion
After Debbie's father Ron left the stove on several times, she felt that it was unsafe for him to live alone in his house. But she didn't want her family's lives to be upended by having him move into their small house. So they decided to set up a stand-alone cottage in the backyard, which would maintain Ron's independence but also provide modifications to enhance his safety. Which of the following terms describes this arrangement? a. nursing home b. cluster housing c. congregate housing d. auxiliary dwelling unit (ADU)
d. auxiliary dwelling unit (ADU)
Now that Montell has finally retired at age 72, which possible self has the most value for him? a. being a student of a new skill b. being a provider for his family c. being a mentor to young people d. being a regular visitor at his gym
d. being a regular visitor at his gym
Koji was able to tolerate the pain of his arthritis for some time. But recently it has been bothering him more and limiting his ability to work in the yard. What would be the safest strategy for Koji to manage his arthritis pain? a. meperidine b. NSAIDs c. ibuprofen d. biofeedback
d. biofeedback
Even in her early 60s, Theresa has a full head of dark hair with not a hint of gray. When people ask why, she explains that her mother didn't start turning gray until her mid-70s. Which of the following is the likely cause of Theresa's still-colorful hair? a. sociocultural forces b. psychological forces c. life-cycle forces d. biological forces
d. biological forces
Baltes et al.'s research in gerontology is focused on plasticity. The research uses the term "plasticity" to describe people's capacity. Plasticity refers to the belief that capacity is not fixed but can be learned or improved with practice. Which core issue of human development does Baltes et al.'s research explore? a. universal versus context-specific controversy b. stability-change issue c. nature-nurture issue d. continuity-discontinuity controversy
d. continuity-discontinuity controversy
Which of the following physiological changes presents the greatest potential for physical harm to older people? a. decreased vocal volume b. increased body weight c. decreased muscle mass d. decreased bone density
d. decreased bone density
The problem facing Americans who want to retire in the 2030s is the: a. automation in the workplace b. interest rates c. health insurance d. dependency ratio
d. dependency ratio
Which of the following concepts best reflects the later phase of the life-span perspective of human development? a. rapid change b. social separation c. physical decline d. environmental adaptation
d. environmental adaptation
Which of the following is the best option for a person who is experiencing environmental press but wants to maintain their autonomy? a. cluster housing b. congregate housing c. assisted living d. existing home
d. existing home
To improve the chances of aging successfully, it is recommended that people employ preventive strategies in four key areas. Which area is primarily focused on maintaining autonomy? a. socialization b. cognition c. health d. finance
d. finance
Which of the following is the best example of a nonnormative developmental influence? a. having a baby b. being in a recession c. going bald d. getting carjacked
d. getting carjacked
Jerry lives in a suburban area. He lives with five other older adults in a nursing home. One cannot tell from the outside that it is a nursing home. Jerry feels "at home" and has access to food, recreation, friendship, and help when needed just as if he were in his own home. Jerry likely lives in which type of nursing home? a. special care b. psychiatric c. traditional d. greenhouse
d. greenhouse
What is likely the most important concern for healthy people who indicate a desire for physician-assisted suicide if they are diagnosed with a terminal illness? a. protecting their family b. avoiding physical pain c. limiting financial burden d. having self-determination
d. having self-determination
What results from practicing resiliency theory? a. reduced self-efficacy b. enhanced health c. more social confidence d. improved self-image
d. improved self-image
Since he retired, Alfonso spends a lot of time watching TV. When he sees a drug commercial describing a disease or condition that afflicts older people, he is certain that he has the condition. In fact, Alfonso has had more health problems since he retired. Alfonso's behavior is most consistent with which of the following? a. negativity bias b. resilience theory c. stereotype threat d. labeling theory
d. labeling theory
Jade and Andrea have three children between them. They are a blended family. The oldest child, Jonathan, has developed behavioral and emotional issues. This development is likely due to: a. a learning disability b. personality characteristics of the child c. genetics d. lack of bonding with the stepparent
d. lack of bonding with the stepparent
Martha is having difficulty with her long-term memory, experiences emotional disturbances, and lacks motivation. She is likely experiencing trouble with which area of the brain? a. cerebellum b. prefrontal cortex c. frontal cortex d. limbic system
d. limbic system
A senior health aide regularly visits Dolores at home to help her with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Which of the following activities does the aide likely work on with Dolores? a. putting on clothes b. taking a shower c. eating meals d. making a budget
d. making a budget
Amanda, a 42-year-old female, is having difficulty sleeping, hot flashes, and trouble concentrating. Amanda still has her menstruation cycle regularly. What is Amanda most likely experiencing? a. insomnia b. menopause c. menopausal hormone therapy d. perimenopause
d. perimenopause
Which of the following reflects the creation of an internal tool during information encoding that can assist in retrieval? a. recording voice memos for each task to be remembered b. marking a calendar for each birthday to be remembered c. making a list of each grocery item to be remembered d. picturing an animal for each name to be remembered
d. picturing an animal for each name to be remembered
At work, whenever a team is experiencing conflict, they turn to Reena for help because she can set aside all the emotion from a situation and look at issues from a logical perspective. What type of intelligence do colleagues value in Reena? a. social competence b. verbal ability c. concrete operations d. problem solving
d. problem solving
Rashid's grandmother died from Alzheimer's disease, so he formed a biotech company to develop a drug that would help prevent and hopefully cure the disease. Which of the following will Rashid's staff likely focus on in their developmental research? a. hormones b. histamines c. lymphocytes d. proteins
d. proteins
The role that stereotypes play in memory problems among older adults is most likely caused by which of the following? a. emotion b. semantics c. society d. psychology
d. psychology
What is the main focus of the staff in a hospice facility? a. control b. cure c. treatment d. quality of life
d. quality of life
Age-related changes can have a broad variety of impacts on an older person's life. Which of the following is most likely to be affected by age-related hearing loss? a. independence b. mobility c. self-esteem d. relationships
d. relationships
Javier has been placed on the state "deadbeat dad" list for failure to pay child support to his ex-wife for the past 3 years. According to Slater, Javier did not successfully resolve which of the following psychosocial crises? a. industry versus inferiority in the context of generativity b. responsibility versus guilt in the context of integrity c. parenthood and self-absorption in the context of integrity d. responsibility versus ambivalence in the context of generativity
d. responsibility versus ambivalence in the context of generativity
In comparison to Erikson's psychosocial theory, McAdams's life-story model and Whitbourne's identity theory reflect a higher degree of: a. crisis resolution b. subconsciousness c. linearity d. self-determination
d. self-determination
One Big Planet, a community development organization, recently held a series of information sessions at senior centers to recruit volunteers. Which of the following activities received the least interest from senior attendees? a. planting flowers at housing sites b. building new playground spaces c. tutoring children in the classroom d. serving on the planning committee
d. serving on the planning committee
A person who shows no brain activity in the cortex will be incapable of which of the following? a. swallowing b. breathing c. blinking d. speaking
d. speaking
Which of the following tasks would be most significantly impacted by damage to the frontal cortex? a. mowing the lawn b. preparing a meal c. washing the car d. taking a road trip
d. taking a road trip
Janet and Gail were both close to their mother. When their mother died, they were both sad and leaned on friends to help them grieve. Janet talked about her childhood and how much her mother meant to her growing up. Gail talked about the dying process and how difficult it was to watch her mother suffer. What is different about Janet and Gail's grieving theme? a. the affect b. the relationship c. the change d. the narrative
d. the narrative
Older adults tend to show a higher degree of dispositional attribution toward negative behaviors that occur in the context of a relationship. Which of the following likely plays the largest role in this dynamic? a. customs b. expectations c. stereotypes d. values
d. values
