MIS unit 7

SDLC Maintenance

- Fix system errors - Update system to accommodate changes in business requirements

Project Management Terms

- Project deliverable: Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or of a project - Project milestone: Represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed - Gantt Chart: Graph showing tasks on the work breakdown structure along with each task's projected start and finish dates

SDLC System Design

- Translate business requirements into detailed functions of the system (System Specification) - Determine hardware, software and telecommunications equipment required to run the system (technical architecture) - Decide to use off-the-shelf, or develop a new software (Make or buy decision)

System Development Methodologies

- Waterfall Methodology (traditional): Sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance - Prototyping: Defines an initial list of user requirements, builds a model of the system, and then improves it based on users' feedback - Rapid Application Development (RAD): Similar to prototyping, emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system - Agile Development: Delivers functionality in rapid iterations, which are usually measured in weeks

What are the seven phases of system development life cycle?

1. Planning 2. Analysis 3. Design 4. Development 5. Testing 6. Implementation 7. Maintenance

SDLC Implementation

Convert old to new system - Direct cutover: Old system is cut off and new system is turned on. Least expensive, more risky - Pilot Conversion: Introduce the system in one functional area or location before introducing it to other parts of an organization - Phased conversion: Introduce components of new system (eg: functional modules, in stages) - Parallel conversion: Old and new system operate simultaneously for a period of time Change management user documentation end-user training data conversion

SDLC Planning

Create high level plan of the intended project and determine project goals - Define system to be developed - Set project scope - Develop project plan including tasks, resource, and time frame Determine if project is technically, economically, operationally, and legally feasible

SDLC Development and Testing

Develop system in-house - Translate design specifications into computer code Acquire the system (not just software) - Prepare RFP (request for proposal): Provide total solution. Not just hardware or software, but surfaces you provide: Like testing, installation, training, change management Evaluate vendors and proposals Customize the system to satisfy user requirements Testing: Verify that system works and meets all business requirements defined in the analysis and design phases.

SDLC System Analysis:

End users and IT specialists work together to understand and document the business requirements for the system - Major deliverable of this phase is the system requirement document

SCOPE CREEP**

Uncontrolled changes or continuous growth in project's scope - Scope creep can be a result of poor change control, unclear project objectives, weak project manager or executive sponsor, and poor communication between parties - Scope creep is a risk in most projects. It often results in COST OVERUN

Project Plan

Well-Defined Project Plan: - Description of Project Scope - List of Activities - Schedule - Time and Cost estimates - Risk factors - Assignment and Responsibilities - KILL SWITCH