Mitosis Homework Questions

What stage of cell cycle division results in separated sister chromatids?

Anaphase

What is the exact position of a gene on a chromosome?

Locus

The nuclear envelope of the parent cell breaks down in which phase?

Prophase

What are cancer cells?

Your body's own cells that are growing out of control

Cancer is a disease related to uncontrolled cell division. Two known causes for these rapidly dividing cells include. (choose 2 answers)

checkpoint proteins are absent or malfunctioning mutation of the tumor suppressor gene

Loose strands of genetic content are called __________.

chromatin

Why do skin cells divide at a faster rate than other somatic cells? (select all that apply)

exposure to external elements propensity to injury

______________ is nuclear division, whereas _______________ is division of the cytoplasm.

mitosis; cytokinesis

With the exception of ______ cells, all cells are somatic.

sex

Sister chromatids are joined together by a ___________.

centromere

A diploid cell has _____ copies of each chromosome.

2

How many chromatids comprise a duplicated chromosome?

2

During what phase does the plasma membrane furrow inward and enclose each nucleus to create two daughter cells?

Cytokinesis

Mitosis differs between plant and animal cells during which phase?

Cytokinesis

Select all risk factors for cancer.

Excessive exposure to UV light Tobacco Genetic links

As a cell grows, the ratio of surface area to volume increases.

False

Binary fission only occurs in eukaryotes, whereas mitosis occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

False

DNA replication occurs during __________.

S phase

What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled?

tumorous overgrowths

Mitosis is identical in plant and animal cells.

False

Sister chromatids are separated during prophase.

False

Where do the checkpoints occur?

G1, G2, and mitosis

What phase is NOT a part of interphase?

G3 Phase

What stage of cell cycle division is not a part of mitosis?

Interphase

Match the phase of the cell cycle with the BEST description of the spindle fibers.

Interphase no spindle fibers are present Prophase spindle fibers begin to assemble Metaphase spindle fibers are attached to the centromeres and extend to the poles Anaphase spindle fibers shorten, pulling the sister chromatids apart Telophase spindle fibers start to break down and remnants of the fibers are visible

Chromosomes are made of condensed DNA and proteins.

True

Homologous chromosomes contain the same genes, but potentially different alleles.

True

Why is it important for each daughter cell to contain information identical to the parent cell?

so the function of the cell will not be compromised

During _______ the cell prepares for mitosis and cytokinesis by growing in size.

interphase

What would happen if the sister chromatids did not split equally during anaphase of mitosis? (select all that apply)

one cell would have too few chromosomes one cell would have too many chromosomes

What occurs during G1 phase?

the cell doubles its organelles

Along the cell cycle (in interphase) there are checkpoints. What is the point of these checkpoints?

To check that the cell is growing correctly and replicating its DNA correctly

What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about to divide?

To ensure that every new cell has a copy of the genetic material.