Mitosis Homework Questions
What stage of cell cycle division results in separated sister chromatids?
Anaphase
What is the exact position of a gene on a chromosome?
Locus
The nuclear envelope of the parent cell breaks down in which phase?
Prophase
What are cancer cells?
Your body's own cells that are growing out of control
Cancer is a disease related to uncontrolled cell division. Two known causes for these rapidly dividing cells include. (choose 2 answers)
checkpoint proteins are absent or malfunctioning mutation of the tumor suppressor gene
Loose strands of genetic content are called __________.
chromatin
Why do skin cells divide at a faster rate than other somatic cells? (select all that apply)
exposure to external elements propensity to injury
______________ is nuclear division, whereas _______________ is division of the cytoplasm.
mitosis; cytokinesis
With the exception of ______ cells, all cells are somatic.
sex
Sister chromatids are joined together by a ___________.
centromere
A diploid cell has _____ copies of each chromosome.
2
How many chromatids comprise a duplicated chromosome?
2
During what phase does the plasma membrane furrow inward and enclose each nucleus to create two daughter cells?
Cytokinesis
Mitosis differs between plant and animal cells during which phase?
Cytokinesis
Select all risk factors for cancer.
Excessive exposure to UV light Tobacco Genetic links
As a cell grows, the ratio of surface area to volume increases.
False
Binary fission only occurs in eukaryotes, whereas mitosis occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
False
DNA replication occurs during __________.
S phase
What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled?
tumorous overgrowths
Mitosis is identical in plant and animal cells.
False
Sister chromatids are separated during prophase.
False
Where do the checkpoints occur?
G1, G2, and mitosis
What phase is NOT a part of interphase?
G3 Phase
What stage of cell cycle division is not a part of mitosis?
Interphase
Match the phase of the cell cycle with the BEST description of the spindle fibers.
Interphase no spindle fibers are present Prophase spindle fibers begin to assemble Metaphase spindle fibers are attached to the centromeres and extend to the poles Anaphase spindle fibers shorten, pulling the sister chromatids apart Telophase spindle fibers start to break down and remnants of the fibers are visible
Chromosomes are made of condensed DNA and proteins.
True
Homologous chromosomes contain the same genes, but potentially different alleles.
True
Why is it important for each daughter cell to contain information identical to the parent cell?
so the function of the cell will not be compromised
During _______ the cell prepares for mitosis and cytokinesis by growing in size.
interphase
What would happen if the sister chromatids did not split equally during anaphase of mitosis? (select all that apply)
one cell would have too few chromosomes one cell would have too many chromosomes
What occurs during G1 phase?
the cell doubles its organelles
Along the cell cycle (in interphase) there are checkpoints. What is the point of these checkpoints?
To check that the cell is growing correctly and replicating its DNA correctly
What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about to divide?
To ensure that every new cell has a copy of the genetic material.
