Mock Boards OB/GYN

The right ovarian artery branches off of the _______

Aorta

the space of retzius is located: ___________

between the bladder and pubic bone

the recesses of the vagina are the ___________

fornices

The layer of the endometrium that is significantly altered as a result of hormonal stimulation during the menstrual cycle is the?

functional layer

The vagina is located ________ to the uterus

inferior

The uterine artery branches off of the __________

internal iliac artery

The superior portion of the cervix is _______

internal os

abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual flow between periods is termed ______

menometrorrhagia

the paired embyronic ducts that develop into the female urogenital tract are the?

mullerian ducts

leiomyomas that project from a stalk are termed ______

pedunculated

what leiomyoma location would have an increased risk to undergo torsion?

pedunculated

The muscles that may be confused with the ovaries on a pelvic sonogram include the _______________?

piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

The bilateral muscles that are located posterior to and extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter are the ________ muscles

piriformis muscles

what will pelvic bones produce when visualized on sonography?

posterior shadowing

Where would fluid posterior to the uterus most likely be located?

pouch of douglas

another name for the rectouterine pouch is the ____________

pouch of douglas

what is the more common uterine anomaly? - bicornis univernus - bicornis bicollis - uterus didelphys - septate uterus

septate uterus

What fibroid location would most likely result in abnormal uterine bleeding because of its relationship to the endometrium?

submucosal

upon sonographic evaluation of a patient complaining of abnormal distention, ou visualize a large, hypoechoic mass distorting the anterior border of the uterus. what is the most likely location of this mass?

subserosal

The urinary bladder, uterus, and ovaries are located within the true or false pelvis

true pelvis

What structure within the female pelvis lies posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum

uterus

precocious puberty is defined as the development of pubic hair, breasts, and the genitals before the age of ______

8

The right ovarian vein drains directly into the ________

IVC

What is a prolapsed vagina?

a condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina

the invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium of the uterus is referred to as _____?

adenomyosis

peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the _____________

adnexa

absence of menstruation is referred to as?

amenorrhea

which of the following is typically not a complaint of women who are suffering from adenomyosis? - amenorrhea - dysmenorrhea - dyspareunia - menometrorrhagia

amenorrhea

the uterine position in which the corpus tilts forward and comes in contact with the cervix describes _________

anteflexion

the normal position of the uterus is _________

anteverted

The peripheral arteries of the uterus are the ____________

arcuate arteries

the outer layer of the endometrium is the _______

basal layer

pseudoprecocious puberty may be associated with all of the following except? - myometrium - endometrial cavity - functional layer - basal layer

brain tumor

The pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis is the: _______________

broad ligament

The sonographic pelvic examination of a female patient reveals an extensive amount of ascites. In the transverse plane, you visualize two echogenic structures extending from the side walls of the uterus to the pelvic side walls bilaterally. These structures are most likely:

broad ligaments

The ligament that houses the vasculature of the uterus is the ________ ligament

cardinal ligament

the rigid region of the uterus located between the vagina and the isthmus is the____

cervix

The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the ______

common iliac arteries

the area of attachment of the fallopian tubes to the uterus is the __________

cornua

the largest part of the uterus is the ________

corpus

sonographic findings of adenomyosis

diffuse, enlarged uterus; myometrial cysts; hypoechoic areas adjacent to the endometrium

what is difficult or painful intercourse referred to as?

dyspareunia

What is the inner mucosal lining of the uterus?

endometrium

the inferior portion of the cervix closest to the vagina is the ________

external os

the uterine arteries supply what?

fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus

the most superior and widest portion of the uterus is the ___________?

fundus

a 24 year old female patient presents to the sonography department for a pelvic sonogram due to indication of pelvic pain. upon sonographic interrogation, the sonographer notes an anechoic mass within the vagina. what does this mass represent?

gartner duct cyst

a 13 year old present to the sonography department with a history of cyclic pain, abdominal swelling, and amenorrhea. sonographically, you visualize an enlarged uterus and a distended vagina that contains anechoic fluid with debris. what is the most likely diagnosis?

hematocolpos

a simple fluid accumulation within the vagina secondary to an imperforate hymen is ________

hydrocolpos

anechoic fluid noted distending the uterus and vagina within a pediatric patient is termed _________

hydrometrocolpos

Pelvic bones, when visualized sonographically appear?

hyperechoic

how do pelvic muscle appear?

hypoechoic

the paired muscles that are located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest are the ________

iliopsoas muscles

the location of a fibroid within the myometrium is termed __________

intramural

the innominate bones of the pelvis consist of_______?

ischium, ilium, and pubic bones

what section of the uterus is also refereed to as the lower uterine segment?

isthmus

The left ovarian veins drains directly into the________?

left renal vein

prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves which muscle group?

levator ani and coccygeus muscles

The pelvic muscle group that is located between the coccyx and the pubis is the ______________

levator ani muscles

the true pelvis is delineated from the false pelvis by the _________?

linea terminalis

A patient present to the sonography department for a pelvic sonogram with a history of adenomyosis that was diagnosed following an MRI of the pelvis. What are the most likely sonographic findings?

myometrial cysts with enlargement of the posterior uterine wall

a 38 year old female patient presents to the sonography department for a pelvic sonogram with an indication of pelvic pain. an anechoic mass within the cervix is noted, this mass most likely represents a ___________

nabothian cyst

The muscle located lateral to the ovaries is the ____________

obturator internus muscle

The ovary is supplied blood by the ______ and _________ artery

ovarian artery and uterine artery

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is the ____________

ovarian ligament

what is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity?

pouch of douglas

which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium?

radial arteries

both the straight and spiral arteries are branches of the:

radial artery

what is most indicative of a leiomyosarcoma?

rapid growth

Which of the following are the paired abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphon process of the sternum to the pubic bone

rectus abdominis muscles

what other term is used to describe the space of retzius?

retropubic space

what congenital malformation of the uterus is common and has a clear association with an increased risk for spontaneous abortion?

septate uterus

The arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the ________________

spiral artery

leiomyosarcoma of the uterus denotes:

the malignant fibroid

the surgical removal of a fibroid is termed __________

myomectomy

all of the following are clinical findings associated with a leiomyoma except: - myometrial cysts - infertility - palpable pelvic mass - menorrhagia

myometrial cysts

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the _________ ligament

suspensory ligament of the ovary

congenital malformation of the uterus that results in complete duplication of the genital tract is ____________

uterus didelphys

Fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the ____________

vesicouterine pouch

the anterior cul de sac is also referred to as ________

vesicouterine pouch