MODULE 3

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Organic molecules have hydrogen and other elements covalently bonded to _____ atoms.

Carbon

What part of a fatty acid can attract water molecules?

Carboxyl Group

The nucleic acid composed of two helically twisted strands of nucleotides is:

DNA

The information molecules of all living organisms are _____.

DNA & RNA

The chemical reaction where water is removed during the formation of a covalent bond linking two monomers is known as:

Dehydration Synthesis

The term that describes the affect that high temperatures have on enzymes is _______.

Denatures

What is the purpose of test tube # 3 (containing starch, amylase, iodine and placed in a warm water bath)?

It shows that starch breaks down into glucose in the presence of amylase.

Milk sugar is ________.

Lactose

Which term listed includes all the other items listed?

Lipid

When mixed with a lipid, Sudan IV evenly stains the lipid.

True

Fatty acids tails that incorporate double bonds are termed ______.

Unsaturated

Proteins function ________.

All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a component of the structure of amino acids?

An oxygen atom

Nucleotides are made from a phosphate group, a sugar, and a ______.

Base

Which of the following indicates for simple sugars (glucose)?

Benedict's Solution

Which of the following indicates for proteins?

Biuret's Reagent

Cellular respiration is _________.

Both a and b

Proteins are present in ______.

Both plant and animal cells

Which of the following is NOT true concerning lipids?

They readily dissolve in polar substances.

Amino acids commonly have a standard _____ letter abbreviation.

3

What is starch?

A polysaccharide formed by a series of condensation reactions.

The nucleic acid central to metabolism is:

ATP

Which of the following is NOT a base found in a nucleotide?

Dynomine

In the presence of starch, Benedict's solution changes from blue to orange or brick red in color.

False

The building blocks of lipids are _____.

Fatty acids & Glycerol

Carbohydrates, like glucose and glygen, function primarily ______.

For energy and energy storage

If one adds iodine to milk, how long must one wait for a purplish black color change to occur?

Forever

Various kinds of atoms or clusters of them covalently bonded to a carbon backbone are termed:

Functional Groups

Which of the following is NOT a complex carbohydrate?

Glucose

The most common monosaccharides found in cells is glucose. It is a ____ sugar.

Hexose

Enzymes split large molecules into two or more smaller molecules by adding water through which type of reaction?

Hydrolysis

The -OH functional group is called the ________.

Hydroxyl Group

Which of the following indicates for simple starch?

Iodine

Is Sudan IV soluble in water?

No

Is a lipid soluble in water?

No

A short chain of two or more covalently bonded sugar monomers is called a(n) __________.

Oligosaccharide

Triglycerides are made primarily of three fatty acids and _______.

One Glycerol

The molecules of life are _____ compounds.

Organic

Proteins are held together by:

Peptide bonds

A(n) _____ has two fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic head attached to a glycerol backbone.

Phospholipid

What is the most abundant type of lipid in cell membranes?

Phospholipid

What type of organic compound always includes a carboxyl group and an amino group?

Proteins

The two main categories of nitrogenous bases are _______ & _________.

Pyrimidines & Purines

Glucose, with 6 carbons, can form a linear or _____ configuration.

Ring

A denatured protein or DNA molecule has lost its ______.

Shape, Hydrogen bonds, Function

Most animal fats are ________.

Solid at room temperature and saturated

Why isn't there a color change to purplish-black when iodine is added to milk?

Starch is not present.

The disaccharide listed below is _______.

Sucrose


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